Nervous System Regionalization Entails Axial Allocation before Neural Differentiation

Neural induction in vertebrates generates a CNS that extends the rostral-caudal length of the body. The prevailing view is that neural cells are initially induced with anterior (forebrain) identity; caudalizing signals then convert a proportion to posterior fates (spinal cord). To test this model, w...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Cell Jg. 175; H. 4; S. 1105
Hauptverfasser:	Metzis, Vicki, Steinhauser, Sebastian, Pakanavicius, Edvinas, Gouti, Mina, Stamataki, Despina, Ivanovitch, Kenzo, Watson, Thomas, Rayon, Teresa, Mousavy Gharavy, S Neda, Lovell-Badge, Robin, Luscombe, Nicholas M, Briscoe, James
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	United States 01.11.2018
Schlagworte:	Animals Cell Line Cells, Cultured Chick Embryo Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly Embryonic Induction Female Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Neural Stem Cells - cytology Neural Stem Cells - metabolism Neurogenesis Spinal Cord - cytology Spinal Cord - growth & development Spinal Cord - metabolism gene regulation CDX embryonic development stem cells and development computational genomics spinal cord chromatin WNT signaling ATAC-seq neural induction
ISSN:	1097-4172, 1097-4172
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Abstract	Neural induction in vertebrates generates a CNS that extends the rostral-caudal length of the body. The prevailing view is that neural cells are initially induced with anterior (forebrain) identity; caudalizing signals then convert a proportion to posterior fates (spinal cord). To test this model, we used chromatin accessibility to define how cells adopt region-specific neural fates. Together with genetic and biochemical perturbations, this identified a developmental time window in which genome-wide chromatin-remodeling events preconfigure epiblast cells for neural induction. Contrary to the established model, this revealed that cells commit to a regional identity before acquiring neural identity. This "primary regionalization" allocates cells to anterior or posterior regions of the nervous system, explaining how cranial and spinal neurons are generated at appropriate axial positions. These findings prompt a revision to models of neural induction and support the proposed dual evolutionary origin of the vertebrate CNS.
AbstractList	Neural induction in vertebrates generates a CNS that extends the rostral-caudal length of the body. The prevailing view is that neural cells are initially induced with anterior (forebrain) identity; caudalizing signals then convert a proportion to posterior fates (spinal cord). To test this model, we used chromatin accessibility to define how cells adopt region-specific neural fates. Together with genetic and biochemical perturbations, this identified a developmental time window in which genome-wide chromatin-remodeling events preconfigure epiblast cells for neural induction. Contrary to the established model, this revealed that cells commit to a regional identity before acquiring neural identity. This "primary regionalization" allocates cells to anterior or posterior regions of the nervous system, explaining how cranial and spinal neurons are generated at appropriate axial positions. These findings prompt a revision to models of neural induction and support the proposed dual evolutionary origin of the vertebrate CNS. Neural induction in vertebrates generates a CNS that extends the rostral-caudal length of the body. The prevailing view is that neural cells are initially induced with anterior (forebrain) identity; caudalizing signals then convert a proportion to posterior fates (spinal cord). To test this model, we used chromatin accessibility to define how cells adopt region-specific neural fates. Together with genetic and biochemical perturbations, this identified a developmental time window in which genome-wide chromatin-remodeling events preconfigure epiblast cells for neural induction. Contrary to the established model, this revealed that cells commit to a regional identity before acquiring neural identity. This "primary regionalization" allocates cells to anterior or posterior regions of the nervous system, explaining how cranial and spinal neurons are generated at appropriate axial positions. These findings prompt a revision to models of neural induction and support the proposed dual evolutionary origin of the vertebrate CNS.Neural induction in vertebrates generates a CNS that extends the rostral-caudal length of the body. The prevailing view is that neural cells are initially induced with anterior (forebrain) identity; caudalizing signals then convert a proportion to posterior fates (spinal cord). To test this model, we used chromatin accessibility to define how cells adopt region-specific neural fates. Together with genetic and biochemical perturbations, this identified a developmental time window in which genome-wide chromatin-remodeling events preconfigure epiblast cells for neural induction. Contrary to the established model, this revealed that cells commit to a regional identity before acquiring neural identity. This "primary regionalization" allocates cells to anterior or posterior regions of the nervous system, explaining how cranial and spinal neurons are generated at appropriate axial positions. These findings prompt a revision to models of neural induction and support the proposed dual evolutionary origin of the vertebrate CNS.
Author	Metzis, Vicki Mousavy Gharavy, S Neda Luscombe, Nicholas M Ivanovitch, Kenzo Briscoe, James Steinhauser, Sebastian Pakanavicius, Edvinas Rayon, Teresa Gouti, Mina Stamataki, Despina Watson, Thomas Lovell-Badge, Robin
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Keywords	gene regulation CDX embryonic development stem cells and development computational genomics spinal cord chromatin WNT signaling ATAC-seq neural induction
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SubjectTerms	Animals Cell Line Cells, Cultured Chick Embryo Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly Embryonic Induction Female Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Neural Stem Cells - cytology Neural Stem Cells - metabolism Neurogenesis Spinal Cord - cytology Spinal Cord - growth & development Spinal Cord - metabolism
Title	Nervous System Regionalization Entails Axial Allocation before Neural Differentiation
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