Tea tree oil: contact allergy and chemical composition

Summary In this article, contact allergy to, and the chemical composition of, tea tree oil (TTO) are reviewed. This essential oil is a popular remedy for many skin diseases, and may be used as neat oil or be present in cosmetics, topical pharmaceuticals and household products. Of all essential oils,...

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Vydáno v:Contact dermatitis Ročník 75; číslo 3; s. 129 - 143
Hlavní autoři: de Groot, Anton C., Schmidt, Erich
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.09.2016
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Témata:
allergic contact dermatitis
Allergies
antimicrobial
aromatherapy
chemical composition
contact allergy
Cosmetics
Cyclohexanols - adverse effects
Cyclohexenes - adverse effects
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact - etiology
essential oil
Humans
Melaleuca
Melaleuca alternifolia
Menthol - adverse effects
Menthol - analogs & derivatives
Monoterpenes - adverse effects
Oils & fats
Patch Tests
Peroxides - adverse effects
tea tree oil
Tea Tree Oil - adverse effects
Tea Tree Oil - chemistry
Terpenes - adverse effects
contact allergy
antimicrobial
tea tree oil
aromatherapy
allergic contact dermatitis
Melaleuca alternifolia
essential oil
chemical composition
ISSN:0105-1873, 1600-0536, 1600-0536
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Shrnutí:Summary In this article, contact allergy to, and the chemical composition of, tea tree oil (TTO) are reviewed. This essential oil is a popular remedy for many skin diseases, and may be used as neat oil or be present in cosmetics, topical pharmaceuticals and household products. Of all essential oils, TTO has caused most (published) allergic reactions since the first cases were reported in 1991. In routine testing, prevalences of positive patch test reactions have ranged from 0.1% to 3.5%. Nearly 100 allergic patients have been described in case reports and case series. The major constituents of commercial TTO are terpinen‐4‐ol, γ‐terpinene, 1,8‐cineole, α‐terpinene, α‐terpineol, p‐cymene, and α‐pinene. Fresh TTO is a weak to moderate sensitizer, but oxidation increases its allergenic potency. The major sensitizers appear to be ascaridole, terpinolene, α‐terpinene, 1,2,4‐trihydroxymenthane, α‐phellandrene, and limonene. The clinical picture of allergic contact dermatitis caused by TTO depends on the products used. Most reactions are caused by the application of pure oil; cosmetics are the culprits in a minority of cases. Patch testing may be performed with 5% oxidized TTO. Co‐reactivity to turpentine oil is frequent, and there is an overrepresentation of reactions to fragrance mix I, Myroxylon pereirae, colophonium, and other essential oils.
Bibliografie:ArticleID:COD12591
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ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
ISSN:0105-1873
1600-0536
1600-0536
DOI:10.1111/cod.12591