Cigarette Smoking, Smoking Cessation, and Long-Term Risk of 3 Major Atherosclerotic Diseases

Public statements about the effect of smoking on cardiovascular disease are predominantly based on investigations of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, although smoking is recognized as a strong risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). No study has comprehensively compared the long-ter...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of the American College of Cardiology Vol. 74; no. 4; p. 498
Main Authors:	Ding, Ning, Sang, Yingying, Chen, Jingsha, Ballew, Shoshana H, Kalbaugh, Corey A, Salameh, Maya J, Blaha, Michael J, Allison, Matthew, Heiss, Gerardo, Selvin, Elizabeth, Coresh, Josef, Matsushita, Kunihiro
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States 30.07.2019
Subjects:	Atherosclerosis - epidemiology Atherosclerosis - etiology Cigarette Smoking - adverse effects Coronary Disease - epidemiology Coronary Disease - etiology Female Humans Incidence Male Middle Aged Peripheral Arterial Disease - epidemiology Peripheral Arterial Disease - etiology Prospective Studies Risk Assessment Risk Factors Smoking Cessation Stroke - epidemiology Stroke - etiology Time Factors cigarette smoking coronary heart disease peripheral artery disease smoking cessation stroke
ISSN:	1558-3597, 1558-3597
Online Access:	Get more information
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Abstract	Public statements about the effect of smoking on cardiovascular disease are predominantly based on investigations of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, although smoking is recognized as a strong risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). No study has comprehensively compared the long-term association of cigarette smoking and its cessation with the incidence of 3 major atherosclerotic diseases (PAD, CHD, and stroke). The aim of this study was to quantify the long-term association of cigarette smoking and its cessation with the incidence of the 3 outcomes. A total of 13,355 participants aged 45 to 64 years in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study without PAD, CHD, or stroke at baseline (1987 to 1989) were included. The associations of smoking parameters (pack-years, duration, intensity, and cessation) with incident PAD were quantified and contrasted with CHD and stroke using Cox models. Over a median follow-up of 26 years, there were 492 PAD cases, 1,798 CHD cases, and 1,106 stroke cases. A dose-response relationship was identified between pack-years of smoking and 3 outcomes, with the strongest results for PAD. The pattern was consistent when investigating duration and intensity separately. A longer period of smoking cessation was consistently related to lower risk of PAD, CHD, and stroke, but a significantly elevated risk persisted up to 30 years following smoking cessation for PAD and up to 20 years for CHD. All smoking measures showed significant associations with 3 major atherosclerotic diseases, with the strongest effect size for incident PAD. The risk due to smoking lasted up to 30 years for PAD and 20 years for CHD. Our results further highlight the importance of smoking prevention and early smoking cessation, and indicate the need for public statements to take PAD into account when acknowledging the impact of smoking on overall cardiovascular health.
AbstractList	Public statements about the effect of smoking on cardiovascular disease are predominantly based on investigations of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, although smoking is recognized as a strong risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). No study has comprehensively compared the long-term association of cigarette smoking and its cessation with the incidence of 3 major atherosclerotic diseases (PAD, CHD, and stroke).BACKGROUNDPublic statements about the effect of smoking on cardiovascular disease are predominantly based on investigations of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, although smoking is recognized as a strong risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). No study has comprehensively compared the long-term association of cigarette smoking and its cessation with the incidence of 3 major atherosclerotic diseases (PAD, CHD, and stroke).The aim of this study was to quantify the long-term association of cigarette smoking and its cessation with the incidence of the 3 outcomes.OBJECTIVESThe aim of this study was to quantify the long-term association of cigarette smoking and its cessation with the incidence of the 3 outcomes.A total of 13,355 participants aged 45 to 64 years in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study without PAD, CHD, or stroke at baseline (1987 to 1989) were included. The associations of smoking parameters (pack-years, duration, intensity, and cessation) with incident PAD were quantified and contrasted with CHD and stroke using Cox models.METHODSA total of 13,355 participants aged 45 to 64 years in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study without PAD, CHD, or stroke at baseline (1987 to 1989) were included. The associations of smoking parameters (pack-years, duration, intensity, and cessation) with incident PAD were quantified and contrasted with CHD and stroke using Cox models.Over a median follow-up of 26 years, there were 492 PAD cases, 1,798 CHD cases, and 1,106 stroke cases. A dose-response relationship was identified between pack-years of smoking and 3 outcomes, with the strongest results for PAD. The pattern was consistent when investigating duration and intensity separately. A longer period of smoking cessation was consistently related to lower risk of PAD, CHD, and stroke, but a significantly elevated risk persisted up to 30 years following smoking cessation for PAD and up to 20 years for CHD.RESULTSOver a median follow-up of 26 years, there were 492 PAD cases, 1,798 CHD cases, and 1,106 stroke cases. A dose-response relationship was identified between pack-years of smoking and 3 outcomes, with the strongest results for PAD. The pattern was consistent when investigating duration and intensity separately. A longer period of smoking cessation was consistently related to lower risk of PAD, CHD, and stroke, but a significantly elevated risk persisted up to 30 years following smoking cessation for PAD and up to 20 years for CHD.All smoking measures showed significant associations with 3 major atherosclerotic diseases, with the strongest effect size for incident PAD. The risk due to smoking lasted up to 30 years for PAD and 20 years for CHD. Our results further highlight the importance of smoking prevention and early smoking cessation, and indicate the need for public statements to take PAD into account when acknowledging the impact of smoking on overall cardiovascular health.CONCLUSIONSAll smoking measures showed significant associations with 3 major atherosclerotic diseases, with the strongest effect size for incident PAD. The risk due to smoking lasted up to 30 years for PAD and 20 years for CHD. Our results further highlight the importance of smoking prevention and early smoking cessation, and indicate the need for public statements to take PAD into account when acknowledging the impact of smoking on overall cardiovascular health. Public statements about the effect of smoking on cardiovascular disease are predominantly based on investigations of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, although smoking is recognized as a strong risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). No study has comprehensively compared the long-term association of cigarette smoking and its cessation with the incidence of 3 major atherosclerotic diseases (PAD, CHD, and stroke). The aim of this study was to quantify the long-term association of cigarette smoking and its cessation with the incidence of the 3 outcomes. A total of 13,355 participants aged 45 to 64 years in the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities) study without PAD, CHD, or stroke at baseline (1987 to 1989) were included. The associations of smoking parameters (pack-years, duration, intensity, and cessation) with incident PAD were quantified and contrasted with CHD and stroke using Cox models. Over a median follow-up of 26 years, there were 492 PAD cases, 1,798 CHD cases, and 1,106 stroke cases. A dose-response relationship was identified between pack-years of smoking and 3 outcomes, with the strongest results for PAD. The pattern was consistent when investigating duration and intensity separately. A longer period of smoking cessation was consistently related to lower risk of PAD, CHD, and stroke, but a significantly elevated risk persisted up to 30 years following smoking cessation for PAD and up to 20 years for CHD. All smoking measures showed significant associations with 3 major atherosclerotic diseases, with the strongest effect size for incident PAD. The risk due to smoking lasted up to 30 years for PAD and 20 years for CHD. Our results further highlight the importance of smoking prevention and early smoking cessation, and indicate the need for public statements to take PAD into account when acknowledging the impact of smoking on overall cardiovascular health.
Author	Chen, Jingsha Ding, Ning Selvin, Elizabeth Sang, Yingying Blaha, Michael J Coresh, Josef Heiss, Gerardo Ballew, Shoshana H Kalbaugh, Corey A Allison, Matthew Matsushita, Kunihiro Salameh, Maya J
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Ning surname: Ding fullname: Ding, Ning organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 2 givenname: Yingying surname: Sang fullname: Sang, Yingying organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 3 givenname: Jingsha surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Jingsha organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 4 givenname: Shoshana H surname: Ballew fullname: Ballew, Shoshana H organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 5 givenname: Corey A surname: Kalbaugh fullname: Kalbaugh, Corey A organization: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of Surgery, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 6 givenname: Maya J surname: Salameh fullname: Salameh, Maya J organization: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 7 givenname: Michael J surname: Blaha fullname: Blaha, Michael J organization: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 8 givenname: Matthew surname: Allison fullname: Allison, Matthew organization: University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California – sequence: 9 givenname: Gerardo surname: Heiss fullname: Heiss, Gerardo organization: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina – sequence: 10 givenname: Elizabeth surname: Selvin fullname: Selvin, Elizabeth organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 11 givenname: Josef surname: Coresh fullname: Coresh, Josef organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland – sequence: 12 givenname: Kunihiro surname: Matsushita fullname: Matsushita, Kunihiro email: kuni.matsushita@jhu.edu organization: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address: kuni.matsushita@jhu.edu
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31345423$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark	eNpNkLtOwzAYhS1URC_wAgzII0MTbCd27LFKuUlFSFBWIif5XZwmcYnTgbfps_TJqEQrsZzzDZ_OcMZo0LoWELqmJKSEirsqrHRRhIxQFRIeklidoRHlXAYRV8ngHw_R2PuKECIkVRdoGNEo5jGLRugztSvdQd8Dfm_c2rar6QlwCt7r3rp2inVb4oVrV8ESuga_Wb_GzuBov3vRlev2u1n_BZ3zRX3I3hZ4bj1oD_4SnRtde7g69gR9PNwv06dg8fr4nM4WQcGl6gNFQfGEGqIhJ0bkjGgjTEmFEIkyBY81JGA0ExCXkgvOmRQqSrgwuYlAGjZBt3-7m859b8H3WWN9AXWtW3BbnzEmeCJIQuVBvTmq27yBMtt0ttHdT3b6hP0CvJxnww
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics13193145 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2019_06_003 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_2273_1722 crossref_primary_10_1177_17085381221076673 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms242417439 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202501820 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ypmed_2024_108085 crossref_primary_10_3390_biology10050441 crossref_primary_10_1111_prd_12561 crossref_primary_10_18087_cardio_2024_12_n2686 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_iccl_2024_11_012 crossref_primary_10_15829_1560_4071_2021_4278 crossref_primary_10_1001_jamanetworkopen_2022_40188 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2019_10_021 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2023_04_003 crossref_primary_10_1093_ntr_ntaf165 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12964_024_01480_6 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm10112450 crossref_primary_10_1093_ntr_ntae199 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIRCRESAHA_121_318535 crossref_primary_10_26599_1671_5411_2025_01_008 crossref_primary_10_1002_advs_202304748 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envres_2022_113730 crossref_primary_10_1136_svn_2020_000493 crossref_primary_10_13105_wjma_v11_i6_290 crossref_primary_10_54022_shsv6n2_033 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11298_019_7396_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e24189 crossref_primary_10_1136_heartjnl_2021_318972 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_024_19457_y crossref_primary_10_2337_dc23_1503 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2025_1643059 crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics13020274 crossref_primary_10_1161_JAHA_121_021976 crossref_primary_10_14814_phy2_14369 crossref_primary_10_3390_biomedicines11123157 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurheartj_ehad616 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurheartj_ehae705 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_1221_6985 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijerph19116564 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurheartj_ehaa460 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIRCRESAHA_121_320702 crossref_primary_10_3390_healthcare13050529 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2020_e05450 crossref_primary_10_1097_CPT_0000000000000280 crossref_primary_10_3390_diagnostics12061500 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41398_024_03063_y crossref_primary_10_1177_0976500X241246412 crossref_primary_10_1515_jom_2024_0050 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2024_02_013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clnesp_2024_04_001 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurheartj_ehab541 crossref_primary_10_1055_s_0043_57257 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2022_03_377 crossref_primary_10_1097_JCN_0000000000001224 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cpcardiol_2021_101082 crossref_primary_10_1155_2022_9943158 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11239_023_02812_y crossref_primary_10_1186_s12872_023_03079_0 crossref_primary_10_1097_FJC_0000000000001556 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcdd10040164 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0321491 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvsvi_2024_100174 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jstrokecerebrovasdis_2021_106203 crossref_primary_10_1001_jama_2021_2126 crossref_primary_10_1053_j_semvascsurg_2024_09_001 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm12113652 crossref_primary_10_1080_0886022X_2025_2453014 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms23021002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_acra_2019_08_017 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12877_025_06228_6 crossref_primary_10_4103_lungindia_lungindia_518_24 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurheartj_ehac016 crossref_primary_10_1177_15443167241257626 crossref_primary_10_1186_s40779_023_00463_x crossref_primary_10_1007_s11883_020_00871_7 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001168 crossref_primary_10_18332_tid_175632 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11886_024_02063_0 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001052 crossref_primary_10_1590_0100_6991e_20233482_en crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2025_07_007 crossref_primary_10_1001_jamanetworkopen_2020_34461 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms241813920 crossref_primary_10_1161_STROKEAHA_124_046956 crossref_primary_10_3390_life15081226 crossref_primary_10_23736_S0392_9590_20_04288_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_numecd_2021_05_025 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000000967 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcvm_2022_923549 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00772_023_01039_8 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIRCULATIONAHA_121_053797 crossref_primary_10_1053_j_ajkd_2023_10_008 crossref_primary_10_1097_MD_0000000000039996 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijcrp_2025_200469 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mayocp_2023_05_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijcard_2020_05_016 crossref_primary_10_1111_jch_14905 crossref_primary_10_4178_epih_e2024064 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurjpc_zwaf222 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atherosclerosis_2021_03_019 crossref_primary_10_1097_HCR_0000000000000518 crossref_primary_10_1002_clc_24214 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjcard_2024_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvs_2025_01_007 crossref_primary_10_1177_1358863X221143152 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e37869 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hlc_2025_07_005 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_diabres_2023_110869 crossref_primary_10_1002_smi_3106 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurjpc_zwae040 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00772_024_01086_9 crossref_primary_10_3389_ftox_2024_1395670 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12872_021_02302_0 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00772_025_01190_4 crossref_primary_10_1177_07334648241230010 crossref_primary_10_3390_healthcare12242553 crossref_primary_10_1002_clc_24003 crossref_primary_10_18332_tid_162380 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_heliyon_2024_e34602 crossref_primary_10_1142_S0192415X24500381 crossref_primary_10_1177_1358863X251330583 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amepre_2023_01_001 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_025_22865_3 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjgh_2024_017049 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001005 crossref_primary_10_1590_0100_6991e_20233482 crossref_primary_10_1161_ATVBAHA_120_315828 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001123 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacl_2024_12_007 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001251 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_2360_7551 crossref_primary_10_3390_jcm12206516 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjcard_2024_11_008 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjcard_2021_02_012 crossref_primary_10_1161_ATVBAHA_120_314824 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_msard_2022_103501 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12889_024_18468_z crossref_primary_10_23946_2500_0764_2024_9_1_42_52 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envres_2023_118056 crossref_primary_10_1002_cncr_34132 crossref_primary_10_1111_dom_15583 crossref_primary_10_2215_CJN_15751020 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajpc_2025_101080 crossref_primary_10_1093_eurheartj_ehad685 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001105 crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2021_750773 crossref_primary_10_1053_j_semvascsurg_2022_04_003 crossref_primary_10_1038_s44325_024_00006_w crossref_primary_10_23736_S0392_9590_25_05344_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopha_2021_112493 crossref_primary_10_1111_jdi_14048 crossref_primary_10_1093_ntr_ntab076 crossref_primary_10_1002_ana_26647 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amepre_2024_10_008 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11936_024_01070_2 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_025_88516_0 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvn_2025_01_003 crossref_primary_10_1007_s12181_023_00659_4 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjsem_2021_001048 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12931_024_02760_y crossref_primary_10_1111_psyp_14081 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jvs_2025_03_002 crossref_primary_10_1080_10408444_2020_1740972 crossref_primary_10_1111_jcpp_14180 crossref_primary_10_1097_01_HJ_0000874576_86751_53 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2023_09_830 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjdrc_2023_003523 crossref_primary_10_3390_medicina60111781 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mcna_2023_05_007 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001209 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00423_021_02381_9 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0320573 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00772_022_00963_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jscai_2025_103609 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41393_020_00566_5 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacasi_2022_10_013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_atherosclerosis_2022_02_017 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jos_2024_06_012 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_diabres_2024_111771 crossref_primary_10_3390_molecules26040811 crossref_primary_10_1177_00033197241312940 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacadv_2024_100993 crossref_primary_10_1177_17539447221096940 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacadv_2024_100994 crossref_primary_10_1017_S0954579424001561 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00772_020_00627_2 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00772_021_00855_0 crossref_primary_10_3389_fendo_2024_1493663 crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001303 crossref_primary_10_1177_2047487320918728 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_annepidem_2020_03_010 crossref_primary_10_1161_JAHA_120_017320 crossref_primary_10_1097_JS9_0000000000001922 crossref_primary_10_1161_ATVBAHA_119_312142 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijcard_2022_12_008 crossref_primary_10_18332_tid_118719
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	Copyright © 2019 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml	– notice: Copyright © 2019 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DBID	CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM 7X8
DOI	10.1016/j.jacc.2019.05.049
DatabaseName	Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle	MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	MEDLINE - Academic MEDLINE
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: 7X8 name: MEDLINE - Academic url: https://search.proquest.com/medline sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	no_fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Medicine
EISSN	1558-3597
ExternalDocumentID	31345423
Genre	Journal Article Comparative Study Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
GrantInformation_xml	– fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700004I – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700005I – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: R21 HL133694 – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700001C – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700002I – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700003I – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700001I – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700004C – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700005C – fundername: NHLBI NIH HHS grantid: HHSN268201700003C
GroupedDBID	--- --K --M .1- .FO .~1 0R~ 18M 1B1 1P~ 1~. 1~5 2WC 4.4 457 4G. 53G 5GY 5RE 5VS 6PF 7-5 71M 8P~ AABNK AABVL AAEDT AAEDW AAIKJ AAKUH AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQQT AAXUO ABBQC ABFNM ABFRF ABLJU ABMAC ABMZM ABOCM ACGFO ACGFS ACIUM ACJTP ACPRK ACVFH ADBBV ADCNI ADEZE ADVLN AEFWE AEKER AENEX AEUPX AEVXI AEXQZ AFCTW AFETI AFPUW AFRAH AFRHN AFTJW AGCQF AGYEJ AHMBA AIGII AITUG AJRQY AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMRAJ BAWUL BLXMC CGR CS3 CUY CVF DIK DU5 E3Z EBS ECM EFKBS EIF EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 F5P FDB FEDTE FNPLU G-Q GBLVA GX1 HVGLF IHE IXB J1W K-O KQ8 L7B MO0 N9A NPM O-L O9- OA. OAUVE OK1 OL~ OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. PQQKQ Q38 RIG ROL RPZ SCC SDF SDG SDP SES SSZ TR2 UNMZH UV1 W8F WH7 WOQ WOW YYM YZZ Z5R 7X8 EFLBG ~HD
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c589t-91e9571f0aeb0f6b20af6fd166679fc54ae7efa26e4d8565528693756fbf3e8f2
IEDL.DBID	7X8
ISICitedReferencesCount	199
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000476594000002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	1558-3597
IngestDate	Thu Oct 02 10:39:54 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 06:03:01 EDT 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess	false
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	4
Keywords	cigarette smoking coronary heart disease peripheral artery disease smoking cessation stroke
Language	English
License	Copyright © 2019 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c589t-91e9571f0aeb0f6b20af6fd166679fc54ae7efa26e4d8565528693756fbf3e8f2
Notes	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
OpenAccessLink	https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S073510971935449X
PMID	31345423
PQID	2265760718
PQPubID	23479
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_2265760718 pubmed_primary_31345423
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2019-07-30
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2019-07-30
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 07 year: 2019 text: 2019-07-30 day: 30
PublicationDecade	2010
PublicationPlace	United States
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: United States
PublicationTitle	Journal of the American College of Cardiology
PublicationTitleAlternate	J Am Coll Cardiol
PublicationYear	2019
References	31345424 - J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jul 30;74(4):508-511. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.06.003.
References_xml	– reference: 31345424 - J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jul 30;74(4):508-511. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.06.003.
SSID	ssj0006819
Score	2.6578016
Snippet	Public statements about the effect of smoking on cardiovascular disease are predominantly based on investigations of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke,...
SourceID	proquest pubmed
SourceType	Aggregation Database Index Database
StartPage	498
SubjectTerms	Atherosclerosis - epidemiology Atherosclerosis - etiology Cigarette Smoking - adverse effects Coronary Disease - epidemiology Coronary Disease - etiology Female Humans Incidence Male Middle Aged Peripheral Arterial Disease - epidemiology Peripheral Arterial Disease - etiology Prospective Studies Risk Assessment Risk Factors Smoking Cessation Stroke - epidemiology Stroke - etiology Time Factors
Title	Cigarette Smoking, Smoking Cessation, and Long-Term Risk of 3 Major Atherosclerotic Diseases
URI	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31345423 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2265760718
Volume	74
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000476594000002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1LS8NAEF7Uinjx_agvVvDYxTz3cZJSLR7aUrRCD0LYbHalFbO1qf5-Z5OU3kTwEkIg2TAzmfkyMzsfQjepilMZcU2YnwoShTQjnIqURFkQUuVTwXTJWtJjgwEfj8WwTrgVdVvl0ieWjjqzyuXIbwEmADSGgMjvZp_EsUa56mpNobGOGiFAGdfSxcaraeGUl8QeEDI5CQE515tmqv6uqVRuhKEvysmd0S8Qsww13d3_vuQe2qlBJm5XVrGP1nR-gLb6dRn9EL12JiW77ULj5w_rkuWt5QnuOE4Up60WlnmGezZ_IyNw3_hpUrxja3CI-3Jq57jtoKMtYIG5hXXwfVXqKY7QS_dh1HkkNc0CUTEXC3B3WsTMN57UqWdoGnjSUJO5eiITRsWR1EwbGVAdZRzwXxyANkMWU5OaUHMTHKON3Ob6FGEF17QOMvhLMhAdg1T4Ap4UiEywWFDVRNdLuSVgxq42IXNtv4pkJbkmOqmEn8yqeRsJqDaKAfad_eHuc7TtdFpmX70L1DDwEetLtKm-F5NiflXaBxwHw_4PAobEVg
linkProvider	ProQuest
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cigarette+Smoking%2C+Smoking+Cessation%2C+and+Long-Term+Risk+of+3+Major+Atherosclerotic+Diseases&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+College+of+Cardiology&rft.au=Ding%2C+Ning&rft.au=Sang%2C+Yingying&rft.au=Chen%2C+Jingsha&rft.au=Ballew%2C+Shoshana+H&rft.date=2019-07-30&rft.issn=1558-3597&rft.eissn=1558-3597&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=498&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jacc.2019.05.049&rft.externalDBID=NO_FULL_TEXT
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1558-3597&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1558-3597&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1558-3597&client=summon