Sex Differences in Circulating Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease

Differences in proteomic profiles between men and women may provide insights into the biological pathways that contribute to known sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to investigate sex differences in circulating biomarkers representative of biological pathways implica...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Journal of the American College of Cardiology Jg. 74; H. 12; S. 1543
Hauptverfasser:	Lau, Emily S, Paniagua, Samantha M, Guseh, James Sawalla, Bhambhani, Vijeta, Zanni, Markella V, Courchesne, Paul, Lyass, Asya, Larson, Martin G, Levy, Daniel, Ho, Jennifer E
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	United States 24.09.2019
Schlagworte:	Adult Biomarkers - blood Blood Proteins - analysis Cardiovascular Diseases - blood Female Humans Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Sex Factors cardiovascular disease female biomarkers sex
ISSN:	1558-3597, 1558-3597
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Abstract	Differences in proteomic profiles between men and women may provide insights into the biological pathways that contribute to known sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to investigate sex differences in circulating biomarkers representative of biological pathways implicated in the development of CVD among Framingham Heart Study participants. The authors measured 71 circulating CVD protein biomarkers in 7,184 participants (54% women, mean age 49 years). Multivariable models were used to evaluate the associations of sex, menopause, and hormone status with biomarkers. Cox models were used to examine whether sex modified the association of biomarkers with incident CVD. Of 71 biomarkers examined, 61 (86%) differed significantly between men and women, of which 37 were higher in women (including adipokines and inflammatory markers such as leptin and C-reactive protein), and 24 were higher in men (including fibrosis and platelet markers such as MMP-8 (matrix metalloproteinase-8) and TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1); false discovery rate q < 0.05 for all). Sex differences in biomarker profiles were most pronounced between pre-menopausal women versus men, with attenuated sex differences among post-menopausal women not taking hormone replacement therapy. Sex modified the association of specific biomarkers with incident CVD, including CD14 and apolipoprotein B (p <0.05 for all). In a predominantly Caucasian population, the authors identified widespread sex differences in circulating biomarkers that reflect distinct pathways implicated in CVD, including inflammation, adiposity, fibrosis, and platelet homeostasis. Menopause and hormone status accounted for some, but not all, of the observed sex differences. Further investigation into factors underlying sex-based differences may provide mechanistic insight into CVD development.
AbstractList	Differences in proteomic profiles between men and women may provide insights into the biological pathways that contribute to known sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD).BACKGROUNDDifferences in proteomic profiles between men and women may provide insights into the biological pathways that contribute to known sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD).This study sought to investigate sex differences in circulating biomarkers representative of biological pathways implicated in the development of CVD among Framingham Heart Study participants.OBJECTIVESThis study sought to investigate sex differences in circulating biomarkers representative of biological pathways implicated in the development of CVD among Framingham Heart Study participants.The authors measured 71 circulating CVD protein biomarkers in 7,184 participants (54% women, mean age 49 years). Multivariable models were used to evaluate the associations of sex, menopause, and hormone status with biomarkers. Cox models were used to examine whether sex modified the association of biomarkers with incident CVD.METHODSThe authors measured 71 circulating CVD protein biomarkers in 7,184 participants (54% women, mean age 49 years). Multivariable models were used to evaluate the associations of sex, menopause, and hormone status with biomarkers. Cox models were used to examine whether sex modified the association of biomarkers with incident CVD.Of 71 biomarkers examined, 61 (86%) differed significantly between men and women, of which 37 were higher in women (including adipokines and inflammatory markers such as leptin and C-reactive protein), and 24 were higher in men (including fibrosis and platelet markers such as MMP-8 (matrix metalloproteinase-8) and TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1); false discovery rate q < 0.05 for all). Sex differences in biomarker profiles were most pronounced between pre-menopausal women versus men, with attenuated sex differences among post-menopausal women not taking hormone replacement therapy. Sex modified the association of specific biomarkers with incident CVD, including CD14 and apolipoprotein B (pinteraction <0.05 for all).RESULTSOf 71 biomarkers examined, 61 (86%) differed significantly between men and women, of which 37 were higher in women (including adipokines and inflammatory markers such as leptin and C-reactive protein), and 24 were higher in men (including fibrosis and platelet markers such as MMP-8 (matrix metalloproteinase-8) and TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1); false discovery rate q < 0.05 for all). Sex differences in biomarker profiles were most pronounced between pre-menopausal women versus men, with attenuated sex differences among post-menopausal women not taking hormone replacement therapy. Sex modified the association of specific biomarkers with incident CVD, including CD14 and apolipoprotein B (pinteraction <0.05 for all).In a predominantly Caucasian population, the authors identified widespread sex differences in circulating biomarkers that reflect distinct pathways implicated in CVD, including inflammation, adiposity, fibrosis, and platelet homeostasis. Menopause and hormone status accounted for some, but not all, of the observed sex differences. Further investigation into factors underlying sex-based differences may provide mechanistic insight into CVD development.CONCLUSIONSIn a predominantly Caucasian population, the authors identified widespread sex differences in circulating biomarkers that reflect distinct pathways implicated in CVD, including inflammation, adiposity, fibrosis, and platelet homeostasis. Menopause and hormone status accounted for some, but not all, of the observed sex differences. Further investigation into factors underlying sex-based differences may provide mechanistic insight into CVD development. Differences in proteomic profiles between men and women may provide insights into the biological pathways that contribute to known sex differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study sought to investigate sex differences in circulating biomarkers representative of biological pathways implicated in the development of CVD among Framingham Heart Study participants. The authors measured 71 circulating CVD protein biomarkers in 7,184 participants (54% women, mean age 49 years). Multivariable models were used to evaluate the associations of sex, menopause, and hormone status with biomarkers. Cox models were used to examine whether sex modified the association of biomarkers with incident CVD. Of 71 biomarkers examined, 61 (86%) differed significantly between men and women, of which 37 were higher in women (including adipokines and inflammatory markers such as leptin and C-reactive protein), and 24 were higher in men (including fibrosis and platelet markers such as MMP-8 (matrix metalloproteinase-8) and TIMP-1 (tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1); false discovery rate q < 0.05 for all). Sex differences in biomarker profiles were most pronounced between pre-menopausal women versus men, with attenuated sex differences among post-menopausal women not taking hormone replacement therapy. Sex modified the association of specific biomarkers with incident CVD, including CD14 and apolipoprotein B (p <0.05 for all). In a predominantly Caucasian population, the authors identified widespread sex differences in circulating biomarkers that reflect distinct pathways implicated in CVD, including inflammation, adiposity, fibrosis, and platelet homeostasis. Menopause and hormone status accounted for some, but not all, of the observed sex differences. Further investigation into factors underlying sex-based differences may provide mechanistic insight into CVD development.
Author	Courchesne, Paul Guseh, James Sawalla Bhambhani, Vijeta Zanni, Markella V Lyass, Asya Larson, Martin G Levy, Daniel Ho, Jennifer E Lau, Emily S Paniagua, Samantha M
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Emily S surname: Lau fullname: Lau, Emily S organization: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 2 givenname: Samantha M surname: Paniagua fullname: Paniagua, Samantha M organization: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 3 givenname: James Sawalla surname: Guseh fullname: Guseh, James Sawalla organization: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 4 givenname: Vijeta surname: Bhambhani fullname: Bhambhani, Vijeta organization: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 5 givenname: Markella V surname: Zanni fullname: Zanni, Markella V organization: Neuroendocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 6 givenname: Paul surname: Courchesne fullname: Courchesne, Paul organization: Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 7 givenname: Asya surname: Lyass fullname: Lyass, Asya organization: Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 8 givenname: Martin G surname: Larson fullname: Larson, Martin G organization: Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 9 givenname: Daniel surname: Levy fullname: Levy, Daniel organization: Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland – sequence: 10 givenname: Jennifer E surname: Ho fullname: Ho, Jennifer E email: jho1@mgh.harvard.edu organization: Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: jho1@mgh.harvard.edu
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SubjectTerms	Adult Biomarkers - blood Blood Proteins - analysis Cardiovascular Diseases - blood Female Humans Male Middle Aged Prospective Studies Sex Factors
Title	Sex Differences in Circulating Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease
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