Using probabilistic estimation of expression residuals (PEER) to obtain increased power and interpretability of gene expression analyses
We present PEER (probabilistic estimation of expression residuals), a software package implementing statistical models that improve the sensitivity and interpretability of genetic associations in population-scale expression data. This approach builds on factor analysis methods that infer broad varia...
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| Vydané v: | Nature protocols Ročník 7; číslo 3; s. 500 - 507 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
01.03.2012
Nature Publishing Group |
| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 1754-2189, 1750-2799, 1750-2799 |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
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| Abstract | We present PEER (probabilistic estimation of expression residuals), a software package implementing statistical models that improve the sensitivity and interpretability of genetic associations in population-scale expression data. This approach builds on factor analysis methods that infer broad variance components in the measurements. PEER takes as input transcript profiles and covariates from a set of individuals, and then outputs hidden factors that explain much of the expression variability. Optionally, these factors can be interpreted as pathway or transcription factor activations by providing prior information about which genes are involved in the pathway or targeted by the factor. The inferred factors are used in genetic association analyses. First, they are treated as additional covariates, and are included in the model to increase detection power for mapping expression traits. Second, they are analyzed as phenotypes themselves to understand the causes of global expression variability. PEER extends previous related surrogate variable models and can be implemented within hours on a desktop computer. |
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| AbstractList | We present PEER (probabilistic estimation of expression residuals), a software package implementing statistical models that improve the sensitivity and interpretability of genetic associations in population-scale expression data. This approach builds on factor analysis methods that infer broad variance components in the measurements. PEER takes as input transcript profiles and covariates from a set of individuals, and then outputs hidden factors that explain much of the expression variability. Optionally, these factors can be interpreted as pathway or transcription factor activations by providing prior information about which genes are involved in the pathway or targeted by the factor. The inferred factors are used in genetic association analyses. First, they are treated as additional covariates, and are included in the model to increase detection power for mapping expression traits. Second, they are analyzed as phenotypes themselves to understand the causes of global expression variability. PEER extends previous related surrogate variable models and can be implemented within hours on a desktop computer. We present PEER (probabilistic estimation of expression residuals), a software package implementing statistical models that improve the sensitivity and interpretability of genetic associations in population-scale expression data. This approach builds on factor analysis methods that infer broad variance components in the measurements. PEER takes as input transcript profiles and covariates from a set of individuals, and then outputs hidden factors that explain much of the expression variability. Optionally, these factors can be interpreted as pathway or transcription factor activations by providing prior information about which genes are involved in the pathway or targeted by the factor. The inferred factors are used in genetic association analyses. First, they are treated as additional covariates, and are included in the model to increase detection power for mapping expression traits. Second, they are analyzed as phenotypes themselves to understand the causes of global expression variability. PEER extends previous related surrogate variable models and can be implemented within hours on a desktop computer.We present PEER (probabilistic estimation of expression residuals), a software package implementing statistical models that improve the sensitivity and interpretability of genetic associations in population-scale expression data. This approach builds on factor analysis methods that infer broad variance components in the measurements. PEER takes as input transcript profiles and covariates from a set of individuals, and then outputs hidden factors that explain much of the expression variability. Optionally, these factors can be interpreted as pathway or transcription factor activations by providing prior information about which genes are involved in the pathway or targeted by the factor. The inferred factors are used in genetic association analyses. First, they are treated as additional covariates, and are included in the model to increase detection power for mapping expression traits. Second, they are analyzed as phenotypes themselves to understand the causes of global expression variability. PEER extends previous related surrogate variable models and can be implemented within hours on a desktop computer. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Winn, John Parts, Leopold Stegle, Oliver Piipari, Matias Durbin, Richard |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Tübingen, Germany 3 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK 5 Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK 4 Pear Computer LLP, London, UK 2 Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Tübingen, Germany – name: 3 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK – name: 2 Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Tübingen, Germany – name: 5 Microsoft Research, Cambridge, UK – name: 4 Pear Computer LLP, London, UK |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Oliver surname: Stegle fullname: Stegle, Oliver email: oliver.stegle@tuebingen.mpg.de organization: Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology – sequence: 2 givenname: Leopold surname: Parts fullname: Parts, Leopold organization: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute – sequence: 3 givenname: Matias surname: Piipari fullname: Piipari, Matias organization: Pear Computer LLP – sequence: 4 givenname: John surname: Winn fullname: Winn, John organization: Microsoft Research – sequence: 5 givenname: Richard surname: Durbin fullname: Durbin, Richard organization: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22343431$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| SubjectTerms | 631/114/794 631/1647/2017 Algorithms Analysis Analytical Chemistry Association analysis Biological Techniques Biomedical and Life Sciences Computational Biology/Bioinformatics Computer programs Computers Data processing Factor analysis Factor Analysis, Statistical Gene expression Gene Expression Profiling - methods Gene Expression Profiling - statistics & numerical data Gene mapping Genetic aspects Genetic Association Studies - methods Life Sciences Mathematical models Microarrays Models, Statistical Organic Chemistry Physiological aspects Protocol Sensitivity and Specificity Software Statistical analysis Statistical models Transcription Transcription factors Variables Yeast fungi |
| Title | Using probabilistic estimation of expression residuals (PEER) to obtain increased power and interpretability of gene expression analyses |
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