Serotonin Syndrome Presenting as a Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological syndrome characterized by an altered level of consciousness, headaches, seizure, and visual changes. PRES has several different etiologies, including malignant hypertension, eclampsia, and certain medications. Here, we describe a...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:	Case reports in neurology Jg. 12; H. 1; S. 63 - 68
Hauptverfasser:	Malik, Muhammad Taimur, Majeed, Mohammad Faraz, Zand, Ramin
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	Basel, Switzerland S. Karger AG 01.01.2020 Karger Publishers
Schlagworte:	adverse reactions Antibiotics Antidepressants Blood pressure Case reports cerebral vasoconstriction Convulsions & seizures Eclampsia Emergency medical care Headaches Hypertension Lupus Magnetic resonance imaging Pathogenesis posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome Serotonin serotonin syndrome Single Case – General Neurology Single Case − General Neurology venlafaxine Venlafaxine Adverse reactions Cerebral vasoconstriction Serotonin syndrome Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
ISSN:	1662-680X, 1662-680X
Online-Zugang:	Volltext
Tags:	Tag hinzufügen Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!

Abstract	Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological syndrome characterized by an altered level of consciousness, headaches, seizure, and visual changes. PRES has several different etiologies, including malignant hypertension, eclampsia, and certain medications. Here, we describe a 41-year-old woman who presented with altered mental status. She had a preliminary diagnosis of serotonin syndrome as she was on many different serotonin-sparing agents, but her imaging findings were consistent with PRES. After her medications were reviewed and the causative agent was removed, the patient’s neurological exam and imaging findings improved, and she returned to her baseline. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of PRES caused by serotonin syndrome secondary to venlafaxine usage.
AbstractList	Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological syndrome characterized by an altered level of consciousness, headaches, seizure, and visual changes. PRES has several different etiologies, including malignant hypertension, eclampsia, and certain medications. Here, we describe a 41-year-old woman who presented with altered mental status. She had a preliminary diagnosis of serotonin syndrome as she was on many different serotonin-sparing agents, but her imaging findings were consistent with PRES. After her medications were reviewed and the causative agent was removed, the patient's neurological exam and imaging findings improved, and she returned to her baseline. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of PRES caused by serotonin syndrome secondary to venlafaxine usage. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological syndrome characterized by an altered level of consciousness, headaches, seizure, and visual changes. PRES has several different etiologies, including malignant hypertension, eclampsia, and certain medications. Here, we describe a 41-year-old woman who presented with altered mental status. She had a preliminary diagnosis of serotonin syndrome as she was on many different serotonin-sparing agents, but her imaging findings were consistent with PRES. After her medications were reviewed and the causative agent was removed, the patient's neurological exam and imaging findings improved, and she returned to her baseline. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of PRES caused by serotonin syndrome secondary to venlafaxine usage.Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological syndrome characterized by an altered level of consciousness, headaches, seizure, and visual changes. PRES has several different etiologies, including malignant hypertension, eclampsia, and certain medications. Here, we describe a 41-year-old woman who presented with altered mental status. She had a preliminary diagnosis of serotonin syndrome as she was on many different serotonin-sparing agents, but her imaging findings were consistent with PRES. After her medications were reviewed and the causative agent was removed, the patient's neurological exam and imaging findings improved, and she returned to her baseline. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of PRES caused by serotonin syndrome secondary to venlafaxine usage.
Author	Zand, Ramin Malik, Muhammad Taimur Majeed, Mohammad Faraz
AuthorAffiliation	Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Muhammad Taimur surname: Malik fullname: Malik, Muhammad Taimur email: *Muhammad Taimur Malik, MD, Geisinger Health System, 100 N. Academy Ave., Danville, PA 17822 (USA), mmalik@geisinger.edu – sequence: 2 givenname: Mohammad Faraz surname: Majeed fullname: Majeed, Mohammad Faraz – sequence: 3 givenname: Ramin surname: Zand fullname: Zand, Ramin
BackLink	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32231545$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark	eNptkktr3DAQgEVJaR7tofdSDLm0h230lnwJlCVJA6EJSQu9CVke72rrlVzJG9h_X2-dmiTkJKH55mNmNIdoL8QACL0n-AshojzBGAssSqxeoQMiJZ1JjX_tPbrvo8OcVxjLUkj-Bu0zShkRXByg6ztIsY_Bh-JuG-oU11DcJMgQeh8Whc2FLW5i7iH5mIpbuIeUfdVCcRYcdEvbxs72y-2U_Ba9bmyb4d3DeYR-np_9mH-bXV1fXM6_Xs2c0KKfVVQwWhPAygqttIbGcU4rS4BVgkihiS0dpowCc5xUlbUgHWWy4kPlHBQ7Qpejt452Zbrk1zZtTbTe_HuIaWFs6r1rwYhSOK1KsLJ2nEGtVcMZlU6XrNIlEYPrdHR1m2oNtRt6T7Z9In0aCX5pFvHeKFxqJneCTw-CFP9sIPdm7bODtrUB4iYbyrSgSinGB_T4GbqKmxSGURnKidYEU6kH6uPjiqZS_v_bAHweAZdizgmaCSHY7HbCTDsxsCfPWOd72_u4a8a3L2Z8GDN-27SANLmn8PGL4fnt95EwXd2wv8UYzEI
CitedBy_id	crossref_primary_10_1007_s40278_020_85199_8 crossref_primary_10_1136_bcr_2020_236450 crossref_primary_10_1155_crnm_4690032 crossref_primary_10_7759_cureus_22454
Cites_doi	10.1056/NEJM199602223340803 10.1152/ajpheart.00377.2013 10.2214/ajr.159.2.1632361 10.4065/mcp.2009.0590 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00111-8 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.256 10.1007/s11523-011-0201-x 10.3174/ajnr.A0549 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.02.022 10.1056/NEJMra041867 10.1186/s40064-015-0883-0 10.1093/qjmed/hcr139 10.1093/qjmed/hcg109 10.1002/ana.410330215 10.7461/jcen.2015.17.3.239 10.1097/00005344-200006000-00004
ContentType	Journal Article
Copyright	2020 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel Copyright © 2020 by S. Karger AG, Basel. Copyright © 2020 by S. Karger AG, Basel 2020
Copyright_xml	– notice: 2020 The Author(s). Published by S. Karger AG, Basel – notice: Copyright © 2020 by S. Karger AG, Basel. – notice: Copyright © 2020 by S. Karger AG, Basel 2020
DBID	M-- AAYXX CITATION NPM 3V. 7X7 7XB 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA BENPR CCPQU FYUFA GHDGH K9. M0S PHGZM PHGZT PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM DOA
DOI	10.1159/000505907
DatabaseName	Karger Open Access Journals CrossRef PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College Proquest Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic (retired) ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle	CrossRef PubMed ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest One Health & Nursing ProQuest Central China ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central ProQuest Health & Medical Complete ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection Health Research Premium Collection ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest One Academic (New) MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList	PubMed MEDLINE - Academic CrossRef ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
Database_xml	– sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: M-- name: Karger Open Access Journals url: https://www.karger.com/OpenAccess sourceTypes: Enrichment Source Publisher – sequence: 4 dbid: 7X7 name: Health Medical collection url: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod	fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline	Medicine
EISSN	1662-680X
EndPage	68
ExternalDocumentID	oai_doaj_org_article_595c879ea6dc43ed87f4326c893b8915 PMC7098365 32231545 10_1159_000505907 505907
Genre	Case Reports
GroupedDBID	--- 0~B 3O. 3V. 4.4 53G 5VS 6J9 7X7 8FI 8FJ ABDBF ABPAZ ABUWG ACGFS ADBBV AEGXH AEYAO AFKRA AHMBA ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AOIJS AZPMC BAWUL BCNDV BENPR BPHCQ BVXVI CCPQU CYUIP DIK E0A EBS F5P FB. FYUFA GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 HMCUK HYE IAO IHR KQ8 M-- M48 M~E O1H O5R O5S OK1 PQQKQ PROAC RKO RNS RPM TR2 UKHRP AAYXX ABBTS ABWCG ACUHS AHFRZ CITATION ITC PHGZM ADRAZ C1A CAG COF EJD IPNFZ NPM RIG 7XB 8FK K9. PHGZT PJZUB PKEHL PPXIY PQEST PQUKI PRINS 7X8 5PM
ID	FETCH-LOGICAL-c585t-b2532d1e07a58788efc442ba1e3b516581a9c0232e3c41bbaae6c236b42234e73
IEDL.DBID	M--
ISICitedReferencesCount	4
ISICitedReferencesURI	http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000542598600012&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN	1662-680X
IngestDate	Fri Oct 03 12:50:32 EDT 2025 Tue Sep 30 16:24:32 EDT 2025 Sun Sep 28 01:16:20 EDT 2025 Tue Oct 07 07:08:15 EDT 2025 Wed Feb 19 02:30:23 EST 2025 Tue Nov 18 22:12:41 EST 2025 Sat Nov 29 07:56:52 EST 2025 Thu Sep 05 20:30:39 EDT 2024 Thu Aug 29 12:04:37 EDT 2024
IsDoiOpenAccess	true
IsOpenAccess	true
IsPeerReviewed	true
IsScholarly	true
Issue	1
Keywords	Venlafaxine Adverse reactions Cerebral vasoconstriction Serotonin syndrome Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Language	English
License	This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes requires written permission. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 Copyright © 2020 by S. Karger AG, Basel. This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-4.0 International License (CC BY-NC) (http://www.karger.com/Services/OpenAccessLicense). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes requires written permission.
LinkModel	DirectLink
MergedId	FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c585t-b2532d1e07a58788efc442ba1e3b516581a9c0232e3c41bbaae6c236b42234e73
Notes	ObjectType-Case Study-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 content type line 14 ObjectType-Feature-4 ObjectType-Report-1 ObjectType-Article-3 content type line 23
OpenAccessLink	https://karger.com/doi/10.1159/000505907
PMID	32231545
PQID	2418810268
PQPubID	2047993
PageCount	6
ParticipantIDs	proquest_miscellaneous_2385277734 doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_595c879ea6dc43ed87f4326c893b8915 crossref_primary_10_1159_000505907 karger_primary_505907 proquest_journals_2418810268 pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7098365 pubmed_primary_32231545 crossref_citationtrail_10_1159_000505907
PublicationCentury	2000
PublicationDate	2020-01-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD	2020-01-01
PublicationDate_xml	– month: 01 year: 2020 text: 2020-01-01 day: 01
PublicationDecade	2020
PublicationPlace	Basel, Switzerland
PublicationPlace_xml	– name: Basel, Switzerland – name: Switzerland – name: Basel – name: Allschwilerstrasse 10, P.O. Box · Postfach · Case postale, CH–4009, Basel, Switzerland · Schweiz · Suisse, Phone: +41 61 306 11 11, Fax: +41 61 306 12 34, karger@karger.com
PublicationTitle	Case reports in neurology
PublicationTitleAlternate	Case Rep Neurol
PublicationYear	2020
Publisher	S. Karger AG Karger Publishers
Publisher_xml	– name: S. Karger AG – name: Karger Publishers
References	Ungvari Z, Pacher P, Koller A. Serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine decreases arteriolar myogenic tone by reducing smooth muscle [Ca2+]i. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000Jun;35(6):849–54. 10.1097/00005344-200006000-00004108367170160-2446 Hinchey J, Chaves C, Appignani B, Breen J, Pao L, Wang A, Pessin M, Lamy C, Mas J, Caplan L. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome.199610.1056/NEJM199602223340803 Fugate JE, Rabinstein AA. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: clinical and radiological manifestations, pathophysiology, and outstanding questions. Lancet Neurol. 2015Sep;14(9):914–25. 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00111-8261849851474-4422 Tlemsani C, Mir O, Boudou-Rouquette P, Huillard O, Maley K, Ropert S, et al.. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome induced by anti-VEGF agents. Target Oncol. 2011Dec;6(4):253–8. 10.1007/s11523-011-0201-x220902601776-2596 Schwartz RB, Jones KM, Kalina P, Bajakian RL, Mantello MT, Garada B, et al.. Hypertensive encephalopathy: findings on CT, MR imaging, and SPECT imaging in 14 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1992Aug;159(2):379–83. 10.2214/ajr.159.2.163236116323610361-803X Springo Z, Toth P, Tarantini S, Ashpole NM, Tucsek Z, Sonntag WE, et al.. Aging impairs myogenic adaptation to pulsatile pressure in mouse cerebral arteries. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015Mar;35(4):527–30. 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.256256052920271-678X Toth P, Csiszar A, Tucsek Z, Sosnowska D, Gautam T, Koller A, et al.. Role of 20-HETE, TRPC channels, and BKCa in dysregulation of pressure-induced Ca2+ signaling and myogenic constriction of cerebral arteries in aged hypertensive mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2013a Dec;305(12):H1698–708. 10.1152/ajpheart.00377.2013240974250363-6135 Fugate JE, Claassen DO, Cloft HJ, Kallmes DF, Kozak OS, Rabinstein AA. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: associated clinical and radiologic findings. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010May;85(5):427–32. 10.4065/mcp.2009.0590204358350025-6196 Raps EC, Galetta SL, Broderick M, Atlas SW. Delayed peripartum vasculopathy: cerebral eclampsia revisited. Ann Neurol. 1993Feb;33(2):222–5. 10.1002/ana.41033021584348860364-5134 Boyer EW, Shannon M. The serotonin syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005Mar;352(11):1112–20. 10.1056/NEJMra041867157846640028-4793 Dunkley EJ, Isbister GK, Sibbritt D, Dawson AH, Whyte IM. The Hunter Serotonin Toxicity Criteria: simple and accurate diagnostic decision rules for serotonin toxicity. QJM. 2003Sep;96(9):635–42. 10.1093/qjmed/hcg109129257181460-2725 Marra A, Vargas M, Striano P, Del Guercio L, Buonanno P, Servillo G. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: the endothelial hypotheses. Med Hypotheses. 2014May;82(5):619–22. 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.02.022246137350306-9877 Bartynski WS, Boardman JF. Distinct imaging patterns and lesion distribution in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007Aug;28(7):1320–7. 10.3174/ajnr.A0549176985350195-6108 Edvardsson B. Venlafaxine as single therapy associated with hypertensive encephalopathy. Springerplus. 2015Feb;4(1):97. 10.1186/s40064-015-0883-0257633072193-1801 Seet RC, Rabinstein AA. Clinical features and outcomes of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following bevacizumab treatment. QJM. 2012Jan;105(1):69–75. 10.1093/qjmed/hcr139218653141460-2725 Kur JK, Esdaile JM. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome—an underrecognized manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2006Nov;33(11):2178–83.169609250315-162X Lee WJ, Yeon JY, Jo KI, Kim JS, Hong SC. Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome and Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Presenting with Deep Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Young Women. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg. 2015Sep;17(3):239–45. 10.7461/jcen.2015.17.3.239265232592234-8565 ref13 ref12 ref15 ref14 ref11 ref10 ref2 ref1 ref16 ref8 ref7 ref9 ref4 ref3 ref6 ref5
References_xml	– reference: Edvardsson B. Venlafaxine as single therapy associated with hypertensive encephalopathy. Springerplus. 2015Feb;4(1):97. 10.1186/s40064-015-0883-0257633072193-1801 – reference: Ungvari Z, Pacher P, Koller A. Serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluoxetine decreases arteriolar myogenic tone by reducing smooth muscle [Ca2+]i. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2000Jun;35(6):849–54. 10.1097/00005344-200006000-00004108367170160-2446 – reference: Raps EC, Galetta SL, Broderick M, Atlas SW. Delayed peripartum vasculopathy: cerebral eclampsia revisited. Ann Neurol. 1993Feb;33(2):222–5. 10.1002/ana.41033021584348860364-5134 – reference: Boyer EW, Shannon M. The serotonin syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2005Mar;352(11):1112–20. 10.1056/NEJMra041867157846640028-4793 – reference: Springo Z, Toth P, Tarantini S, Ashpole NM, Tucsek Z, Sonntag WE, et al.. Aging impairs myogenic adaptation to pulsatile pressure in mouse cerebral arteries. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2015Mar;35(4):527–30. 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.256256052920271-678X – reference: Lee WJ, Yeon JY, Jo KI, Kim JS, Hong SC. Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome and Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Presenting with Deep Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Young Women. J Cerebrovasc Endovasc Neurosurg. 2015Sep;17(3):239–45. 10.7461/jcen.2015.17.3.239265232592234-8565 – reference: Dunkley EJ, Isbister GK, Sibbritt D, Dawson AH, Whyte IM. The Hunter Serotonin Toxicity Criteria: simple and accurate diagnostic decision rules for serotonin toxicity. QJM. 2003Sep;96(9):635–42. 10.1093/qjmed/hcg109129257181460-2725 – reference: Fugate JE, Claassen DO, Cloft HJ, Kallmes DF, Kozak OS, Rabinstein AA. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: associated clinical and radiologic findings. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010May;85(5):427–32. 10.4065/mcp.2009.0590204358350025-6196 – reference: Fugate JE, Rabinstein AA. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: clinical and radiological manifestations, pathophysiology, and outstanding questions. Lancet Neurol. 2015Sep;14(9):914–25. 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00111-8261849851474-4422 – reference: Marra A, Vargas M, Striano P, Del Guercio L, Buonanno P, Servillo G. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: the endothelial hypotheses. Med Hypotheses. 2014May;82(5):619–22. 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.02.022246137350306-9877 – reference: Toth P, Csiszar A, Tucsek Z, Sosnowska D, Gautam T, Koller A, et al.. Role of 20-HETE, TRPC channels, and BKCa in dysregulation of pressure-induced Ca2+ signaling and myogenic constriction of cerebral arteries in aged hypertensive mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2013a Dec;305(12):H1698–708. 10.1152/ajpheart.00377.2013240974250363-6135 – reference: Seet RC, Rabinstein AA. Clinical features and outcomes of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following bevacizumab treatment. QJM. 2012Jan;105(1):69–75. 10.1093/qjmed/hcr139218653141460-2725 – reference: Hinchey J, Chaves C, Appignani B, Breen J, Pao L, Wang A, Pessin M, Lamy C, Mas J, Caplan L. A reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome.199610.1056/NEJM199602223340803 – reference: Schwartz RB, Jones KM, Kalina P, Bajakian RL, Mantello MT, Garada B, et al.. Hypertensive encephalopathy: findings on CT, MR imaging, and SPECT imaging in 14 cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1992Aug;159(2):379–83. 10.2214/ajr.159.2.163236116323610361-803X – reference: Kur JK, Esdaile JM. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome—an underrecognized manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. J Rheumatol. 2006Nov;33(11):2178–83.169609250315-162X – reference: Bartynski WS, Boardman JF. Distinct imaging patterns and lesion distribution in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007Aug;28(7):1320–7. 10.3174/ajnr.A0549176985350195-6108 – reference: Tlemsani C, Mir O, Boudou-Rouquette P, Huillard O, Maley K, Ropert S, et al.. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome induced by anti-VEGF agents. Target Oncol. 2011Dec;6(4):253–8. 10.1007/s11523-011-0201-x220902601776-2596 – ident: ref3 doi: 10.1056/NEJM199602223340803 – ident: ref13 doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00377.2013 – ident: ref2 doi: 10.2214/ajr.159.2.1632361 – ident: ref8 doi: 10.4065/mcp.2009.0590 – ident: ref1 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00111-8 – ident: ref14 doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.256 – ident: ref10 doi: 10.1007/s11523-011-0201-x – ident: ref12 doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A0549 – ident: ref11 doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.02.022 – ident: ref5 doi: 10.1056/NEJMra041867 – ident: ref7 doi: 10.1186/s40064-015-0883-0 – ident: ref9 doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcr139 – ident: ref6 doi: 10.1093/qjmed/hcg109 – ident: ref4 doi: 10.1002/ana.410330215 – ident: ref16 doi: 10.7461/jcen.2015.17.3.239 – ident: ref15 doi: 10.1097/00005344-200006000-00004
SSID	ssj0069564
Score	2.1434712
Snippet	Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a neurological syndrome characterized by an altered level of consciousness, headaches, seizure, and...
SourceID	doaj pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref karger
SourceType	Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher
StartPage	63
SubjectTerms	adverse reactions Antibiotics Antidepressants Blood pressure Case reports cerebral vasoconstriction Convulsions & seizures Eclampsia Emergency medical care Headaches Hypertension Lupus Magnetic resonance imaging Pathogenesis posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome Serotonin serotonin syndrome Single Case – General Neurology Single Case − General Neurology venlafaxine
SummonAdditionalLinks	– databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwEB6hCiEuiEeBlIIM4sAlovHbR6hacWGpCki9RbYzq1askmp3i9R_37GdjbpVJS5cPY6TjGc8n-15AHxUGLQz6GuFKtYyeFVbF1UtLApLAFVhV4pNmNnMnp25k1ulvpJPWEkPXBj3WTkVrXHodRelwM6auSTIEcnOButyeDkn1LPZTJU1WBPql2MeIbLXuXJdirI0W9YnJ-kny_Mn-Vwv74OYdz0lb5me46fwZMSM7Ev51mfwAPvn8Oj7eCv-An6Qwg_rdK7Kfo4JCNhJCSsiw8T8inmWivKSsA1LdorZEyMskB2lkMVzvxhSXeLr6eFd-H189OvwWz0WSqgjof11HbgSvGvwwHhlaU-L8yglD75BEVRDGKPxLpJx5iiibELwHnXkQgdJ4ECiES9hpx96fA3MoFRC8nnQnrCF14Fz5I3uAuEYZ2JXwacNA9s4ZhFPxSwWbd5NKNdOvK7gw9T1sqTOuK_T1zQLU4eU7To3kAy0owy0_5KBCnbLHE7DbAbfv9N-eDorpPaymxN5M-PtqLmrlhCNtYS6tK3g_UQmnUsXKb7H4Yr6CKu4MUbICl4VAZneQAukSLC0ArMlOlt_uE3pL85zXm9z4KzQau9_sOQNPObpZCAfFu3Dznp5hW_hYfy7vlgt32VluQEOsRhA priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: Health & Medical Collection dbid: 7X7 link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV1Lb9QwEB5BQYgL5VEgpaCAOHCJaPz2qYKqFReWqoC0t8h2ZtuKVbJkt0j8e8aJN3SrigvXjOM4mvHM57E9H8BbiV5Zja6QKEMhvJOFsUEW3CA3BFAl1gPZhJ5MzHRqT1LCbZmOVa59Yu-o6zbEHPl7ijTGUDRU5mDxs4isUXF3NVFo3IY7kTY71s7X03HBpQj7i1RNiKJ2z18X71rqjRjUl-qn-PMjnrzubgKa189LXglAx9v_O_SH8CBBz_zDYCuP4BY2j-He57S5_gS-kN9oVzE9m39NdQzyk-F2EsW33C1zl0duX7LZtstPsT_Q4eeYH8Wbj-du3kZ649_jyzvw_fjo2-GnIvEtFIEWDavCM8lZXeK-dtLQ0hhnQQjmXYncy5KgSulsoBjPkAdReu8cqsC48oIwhkDNn8JW0zb4HHKNQnLBZl45gihOecaQlar2BIesDnUG79YaqEIqRh45MeZVvyiRthqVlcGbseliqMBxU6OPUY1jg1g0u3_QdmdVmoOVtDIYbdGpOgiOtdEzQeg1EGTzxpYyg53BCMZu1p3vXXt-eDoZRNWinpF4rfYqOYBl9VfnGbwexTR1436Ma7C9pDbcSKa15iKDZ4OFjV8gP8sjus1Ab9jexh9uSpqL8748uN63hiu5--9hvYD7LKYO-mzSHmytukt8CXfDr9XFsnvVz6M_sq8mog priority: 102 providerName: ProQuest
Title	Serotonin Syndrome Presenting as a Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome
URI	https://karger.com/doi/10.1159/000505907 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32231545 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2418810268 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2385277734 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7098365 https://doaj.org/article/595c879ea6dc43ed87f4326c893b8915
Volume	12
WOSCitedRecordID	wos000542598600012&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText	1
inHoldings	1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights	– providerCode: PRVAON databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 1662-680X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0069564 issn: 1662-680X databaseCode: DOA dateStart: 20090101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/ providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – providerCode: PRVHPJ databaseName: ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources customDbUrl: eissn: 1662-680X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0069564 issn: 1662-680X databaseCode: M~E dateStart: 20090101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://road.issn.org providerName: ISSN International Centre – providerCode: PRVKGR databaseName: Karger Open Access Journals customDbUrl: eissn: 1662-680X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0069564 issn: 1662-680X databaseCode: M-- dateStart: 20090101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.karger.com/OpenAccess providerName: Karger AG – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: Health Medical collection customDbUrl: eissn: 1662-680X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0069564 issn: 1662-680X databaseCode: 7X7 dateStart: 20170101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete providerName: ProQuest – providerCode: PRVPQU databaseName: ProQuest Central customDbUrl: eissn: 1662-680X dateEnd: 99991231 omitProxy: false ssIdentifier: ssj0069564 issn: 1662-680X databaseCode: BENPR dateStart: 20170101 isFulltext: true titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central providerName: ProQuest
link	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwjV1Lb9QwEB7RFlW98CwQKKuAOHCJ1PidI6224tJltYC0t8h2ZmnVVVLtbpF66W9n7DzEVkXikkM8iWNnxvN5bH8D8EmiU4VGm0mUPhPOyswUXmbcIDcEUCVWbbIJPZmY-byYdvGOcBbmKux_jtSoA7cAOdyYei4ck9Q7sEcON5rgeZb1Y64ilC863qAt8QPYJ43lASdsOZ7Iz09Op63uIXR5f5PkX17n7On_f-8zeNIhy_RLqwrP4RHWL2D_vFs7fwnfaFhoNiH6mn7vaArSaXv4iNxXatepTUPqXlLJZpXOMO7XcEtMx-Fg44VdNiF78e3w8CH8PBv_OP2adekUMk9zgk3mmOSsyvFYW2lo5osLLwRzNkfuZE5IJLeFJxfOkHuRO2ctKs-4coJ6UKDmr2C3bmp8A6lGIblgC6csIRCrHGPIclU5QjuF9lUCn_u-Ln3HNR5SXizLOOeQRTl0UAIfB9HrlmDjIaGT8MMGgcCJHW80q19lZ2KlLKQ3ukCrKi84VkYvBIFTT4jMmSKXCRy2f2t4Tf_yo3v3T2eTtqi8rhZU3CtH2dn3uiTcYwxhM2US-DAUk2WG5RZbY3NDMtxIprXmIoHXrS4NNfRKmYDe0rKtFm6X1JcXkf1bHxeGK_n2H615BwcshARilOgIdjerG3wPj_3vzeV6NYIdPdfxakawdzKeTGejGIYYRXsK17vxHzzdFgk
linkProvider	Karger AG
linkToHtml	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9QwEB6VgoALzwKBAgGBxCWi8TsHhKC0atV2qUqR9hZsZ5ZWrDZLdgvqn-I3Ms4Ltqq49cA1dpzXeL5vnPF8AC8kOpVptIlE6RPhrExM5mXCDXJDBFVi0YhN6MHADIfZ_hL86vbChLTKzifWjroofVgjf01IYwyhoTJvp9-ToBoV_q52EhqNWezg6U8K2WZvtj_Q933J2ObG4fpW0qoKJJ6o8TxxTHJWpLimrTQUAOLIC8GcTZE7mRIgpzbzhGQMuRepc9ai8owrJwhJBWpO416Cy-THdUgh08M-wFMUa4i2ehGxhFovL-zt1AuYV0sDEN59C5ne1XnE9mx-5l-At3nzf3tVt-BGS63jd81cuA1LOLkDV_fa5IG78JH8YjkPy8_xp7ZOQ7zf7L4i_I7tLLZx0C6mOVlW8QHWCStujPFG2Nl5ZMdlkG8-7U9egc8X8jj3YHlSTvABxBqF5IKNnLJEwaxyjCFLVeGI7mXaFxG86r547tti60HzY5zXQZfM8t44Injed502FUbO6_Q-mE3fIRQFrw-U1de89TG5zKQ3OkOrCi84FkaPBLFzT5TUmSyVEaw0RtcP0w2-eub4-sGgacqnxYiaOzPLWwc3y__YWATP-mZyTeF_k51geUJ9uJFMa81FBPcbi-6vQDjCA3uPQC_Y-sITLrZMjo_q8ud6LTNcyYf_vq2ncG3rcG83390e7DyC6ywsk9QrZ6uwPK9O8DFc8T_mx7PqST2HY_hy0TPhNx8sgmM
linkToPdf	http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9NAEB6VgiouPAs1FDAIJC5W63141weEoG1EVQhRASk3s7setxWRHZIU1L_Gr2PWL0hVceuBq3ezieOZ-b5Zz84H8FyiTVKFJpIoXSSskZFOnYy4Rq6JoErMG7EJNRzq8TgdrcCv7iyML6vsYmIdqPPK-T3yLUIarQkNE71VtGURo93B6-n3yCtI-TetnZxGYyIHePaT0rf5q_1detYvGBvsfd55F7UKA5EjmryILJOc5TFuKyM1JYNYOCGYNTFyK2MC59ikjlCNIXcittYYTBzjiRWEqgIVp3WvwFXFufKyEWrcJ3sJ5R2i7WREjKHWzvPnPNUS_tUyAYR933zV9-wiknu-VvMv8Bvc_J__tltwo6Xc4ZvGR27DCpZ3YO1DW1RwFz5SvKwWfls6_NT2bwhHzakswvXQzEMTek1j8tVqFh5iXchiJxju-ROfx2ZSeVnns_7D6_DlUm7nHqyWVYkbECoUkgtW2MQQNTOJZQxZnOSWaGCqXB7Ay-7pZ65twu61QCZZnYzJNOsNJYBn_dRp03nkoklvvQn1E3yz8PpCNTvK2tiTyVQ6rVI0Se4Ex1yrQhBrd0RVrU5jGcB6Y4D9Mt3im-eu7xwOm6Fsmhc03Jlc1ga-efbH3gJ42g9TyPLvoUyJ1SnN4VoypRQXAdxvrLv_BsIX7ll9AGrJ7pfucHmkPDmu26Kr7VTzRD749896AmvkANn7_eHBQ7jO_O5JvaG2CauL2Sk-gmvux-JkPntcu3MIXy_bEX4D8rKLFw
openUrl	ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Serotonin+Syndrome+Presenting+as+a+Posterior+Reversible+Encephalopathy+Syndrome&rft.jtitle=Case+reports+in+neurology&rft.au=Malik%2C+Muhammad+Taimur&rft.au=Majeed%2C+Mohammad+Faraz&rft.au=Zand%2C+Ramin&rft.date=2020-01-01&rft.issn=1662-680X&rft.eissn=1662-680X&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft_id=info:doi/10.1159%2F000505907&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32231545&rft.externalDocID=32231545
thumbnail_l	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1662-680X&client=summon
thumbnail_m	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1662-680X&client=summon
thumbnail_s	http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1662-680X&client=summon