Comparison of dimethyl fumarate and interferon outcomes in an MS cohort

Background To compare the effectiveness of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a (IFNβ-1a) in controlling disease activity in patients with relapsing–remitting Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods Clinical and imaging data from patients treated with either IFNβ-1a or DMF for at le...

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Published in:BMC neurology Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 1 - 8
Main Authors: Sattarnezhad, Neda, Healy, Brian C., Baharnoori, Moogeh, Diaz-Cruz, Camilo, Stankiewicz, James, Weiner, Howard L., Chitnis, Tanuja
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London BioMed Central 11.07.2022
BioMed Central Ltd
Springer Nature B.V
BMC
Subjects:
Clinical trials
Cohort
Comparative analysis
Demographics
Demography
Dimethyl fumarate
Disease activity
Drug therapy
Effectiveness
Gadolinium
Interferon
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Multiple sclerosis
Neurochemistry
Neurology
Neurosurgery
Patient outcomes
Patients
β-Interferon
United States
Multiple sclerosis
Interferon
Disease activity
Effectiveness
Cohort
Dimethyl fumarate
ISSN:1471-2377, 1471-2377
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Background To compare the effectiveness of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a (IFNβ-1a) in controlling disease activity in patients with relapsing–remitting Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Methods Clinical and imaging data from patients treated with either IFNβ-1a or DMF for at least one year were reviewed. The proportion of patients with at least one clinical relapse within 3–15 months after treatment onset, the proportion of patients with new T2 or gadolinium-enhancing lesions, and the proportion of subjects who achieved no evidence of disease activity (NEDA) status were assessed. Results Three hundred sixteen (98 on IFNβ-1a, 218 on DMF) subjects were included. Baseline demographics were comparable between groups except for age, disease duration, and the number of previous treatments being higher and relapse rate in the prior year being lower in the DMF-treated group. The proportion of patients having a clinical relapse (24.5% vs. 9.6%; OR = 3.04; P  < 0.001) or a new MRI lesion (28.6% vs. 8.7%; OR = 4.19, P  < 0.001) at 15 months were higher on IFNβ-1a. 79.9% of the patients achieved NEDA status at 15 months on DMF (vs. 51.1% for IFNβ-1a; OR = 0.26, P  < 0.001). Further adjustment for demographics, disease characteristics, treatment and relapse history, and subgroup analyses confirmed these findings. Conclusion DMF was associated with less clinical and radiological disease activity compared to IFNβ-1a.
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ISSN:1471-2377
1471-2377
DOI:10.1186/s12883-022-02761-8