Ambient PM2.5 and its chemical constituents on lifetime-ever pneumonia in Chinese children: A multi-center study
[Display omitted] •Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 increased the risks of childhood pneumonia.•NO3−, NH4+ and OM dominated the health effects of PM2.5 on pneumonia in children.•Children in urban areas and breastfeeding < 6 months had higher risks of pneumonia.•Children aged < 5 yrs enhance...
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| Vydané v: | Environment international Ročník 146; s. 106176 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Jazyk: | English |
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Elsevier Ltd
01.01.2021
Elsevier |
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| ISSN: | 0160-4120, 1873-6750, 1873-6750 |
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| Abstract | [Display omitted]
•Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 increased the risks of childhood pneumonia.•NO3−, NH4+ and OM dominated the health effects of PM2.5 on pneumonia in children.•Children in urban areas and breastfeeding < 6 months had higher risks of pneumonia.•Children aged < 5 yrs enhanced the risk of pneumonia when exposure to ambient PM2.5.
The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07–1.18), 1.02 (1.00–1.04), 1.06 (1.04–1.09), 1.05 (1.03–1.07) and 1.09 (1.06–1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3− and OM. |
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| AbstractList | The long-term effects of ambient PM₂.₅ and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM₂.₅ constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM₂.₅, ozone and five main PM₂.₅ constituents, including SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, NH₄⁺, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM₂.₅ (per 10 µg/m³) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m³)-SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻, NH₄⁺, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07–1.18), 1.02 (1.00–1.04), 1.06 (1.04–1.09), 1.05 (1.03–1.07) and 1.09 (1.06–1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM₂.₅ and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻ and OM. The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07–1.18), 1.02 (1.00–1.04), 1.06 (1.04–1.09), 1.05 (1.03–1.07) and 1.09 (1.06–1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3− and OM. [Display omitted] •Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 increased the risks of childhood pneumonia.•NO3−, NH4+ and OM dominated the health effects of PM2.5 on pneumonia in children.•Children in urban areas and breastfeeding < 6 months had higher risks of pneumonia.•Children aged < 5 yrs enhanced the risk of pneumonia when exposure to ambient PM2.5. The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07–1.18), 1.02 (1.00–1.04), 1.06 (1.04–1.09), 1.05 (1.03–1.07) and 1.09 (1.06–1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3− and OM. The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07-1.18), 1.02 (1.00-1.04), 1.06 (1.04-1.09), 1.05 (1.03-1.07) and 1.09 (1.06-1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3- and OM.The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42-, NO3-, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07-1.18), 1.02 (1.00-1.04), 1.06 (1.04-1.09), 1.05 (1.03-1.07) and 1.09 (1.06-1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3- and OM. The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315 children in the China Children, Homes, Health (CCHH) project, involving 205 preschools in six cities in China, to investigate the long-term effects of PM2.5 constituents on lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia. Information on the lifetime-ever pneumonia and demographics were collected by validated questionnaires. The lifetime annual average ambient PM2.5, ozone and five main PM2.5 constituents, including SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, organic matter (OM) and black carbon (BC), were estimated according to preschool addresses by a combination of satellite remote sensing, chemical transport modeling and ground-based monitors. The prevalence of lifetime-ever diagnosed pneumonia was 34.5% across six cities and differed significantly among cities (p = 0.004). The two-level logistic regression models showed that the adjusted odds ratio for PM2.5 (per 10 µg/m3) and its constituents (per 1 µg/m3)-SO42−, NO3−, NH4+, and OM were 1.12 (95% CI:1.07–1.18), 1.02 (1.00–1.04), 1.06 (1.04–1.09), 1.05 (1.03–1.07) and 1.09 (1.06–1.12), respectively. Children in urban area, aged < 5 years and breastfeeding time < 6 months enhanced the risks of pneumonia. Our study provided robust results that long-term levels of ambient PM2.5 and its constituents increased the risk of childhood pneumonia, especially NH4+, NO3− and OM. |
| ArticleNumber | 106176 |
| Author | Zhang, Xin Wang, Tingting Huang, Chen Zhang, Yinping Deng, Qihong Liu, Cong Shi, Wenming Kan, Haidong Annesi-Maesano, Isabella Qian, Hua Zhao, Zhuohui Norback, Dan van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. Li, Baizhan Sun, Yuexia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Wenming surname: Shi fullname: Shi, Wenming organization: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Cong surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Cong organization: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Isabella surname: Annesi-Maesano fullname: Annesi-Maesano, Isabella organization: Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department, IPLESP, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, Medical School Saint-Antoine, F75012 Paris, France – sequence: 4 givenname: Dan orcidid: 0000-0002-5174-6668 surname: Norback fullname: Norback, Dan organization: Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-751, Sweden – sequence: 5 givenname: Qihong surname: Deng fullname: Deng, Qihong organization: School of Energy Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Chen surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Chen organization: School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Hua surname: Qian fullname: Qian, Hua organization: School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China – sequence: 8 givenname: Xin surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Xin organization: Research Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China – sequence: 9 givenname: Yuexia surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Yuexia organization: Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China – sequence: 10 givenname: Tingting surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Tingting organization: School of Nursing & Health Management, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China – sequence: 11 givenname: Aaron surname: van Donkelaar fullname: van Donkelaar, Aaron organization: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada – sequence: 12 givenname: Randall V. orcidid: 0000-0003-2632-8402 surname: Martin fullname: Martin, Randall V. organization: Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada – sequence: 13 givenname: Yinping surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Yinping organization: Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China – sequence: 14 givenname: Baizhan surname: Li fullname: Li, Baizhan organization: Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China – sequence: 15 givenname: Haidong orcidid: 0000-0002-1871-8999 surname: Kan fullname: Kan, Haidong email: kanh@fudan.edu.cn organization: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China – sequence: 16 givenname: Zhuohui orcidid: 0000-0001-8596-0278 surname: Zhao fullname: Zhao, Zhuohui email: zhzhao@fudan.edu.cn organization: Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China |
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•Long-term exposure to ambient PM2.5 increased the risks of childhood pneumonia.•NO3−, NH4+ and OM dominated the health effects of PM2.5 on... The long-term effects of ambient PM2.5 and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315... The long-term effects of ambient PM₂.₅ and chemical constituents on childhood pneumonia were still unknown. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 30,315... |
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| SubjectTerms | Air pollution breast feeding carbon Chemical constituents childhood Childhood pneumonia China cross-sectional studies demographic statistics Ecology, environment environment Health Human health and pathology Life Sciences Multi-level logistic regression odds ratio organic matter ozone Pediatrics PM2.5 pneumonia Pulmonology and respiratory tract regression analysis risk Santé publique et épidémiologie satellites urban areas |
| Title | Ambient PM2.5 and its chemical constituents on lifetime-ever pneumonia in Chinese children: A multi-center study |
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