Challenges posed by COVID‐19 to people who inject drugs and lessons from other outbreaks

Introduction In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable...

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Vydáno v:Journal of the International AIDS Society Ročník 23; číslo 7; s. e25583 - n/a
Hlavní autoři: Vasylyeva, Tetyana I, Smyrnov, Pavlo, Strathdee, Steffanie, Friedman, Samuel R
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Switzerland John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.07.2020
John Wiley and Sons Inc
Témata:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adult
AIDS
Betacoronavirus
Care and treatment
Communicable diseases
Coronavirus Infections - complications
COVID-19
Disease Outbreaks
Drug addicts
Drug Overdose - epidemiology
Drug trafficking
Drug use
Epidemics
Harm reduction
Hepatitis
Heroin
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - epidemiology
Homeless people
Homelessness
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Hygiene
Ill-Housed Persons - statistics & numerical data
Imprisonment
inequality
Infections
infectious disease
Infectious diseases
Injections - adverse effects
Liver diseases
Living conditions
Male
Narcotics
outbreak
Outbreaks
Pandemics
Pathogens
people who inject drugs
Pneumonia, Viral - complications
Prevention
Prison overcrowding
Public health
Quarantine
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2
Sexually transmitted diseases
Social aspects
Social distancing
STD
Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications
Substance use
Tuberculosis
United Kingdom
Unsafe Sex - statistics & numerical data
Viruses
United Kingdom
Afghanistan
Iran
United States > US
Europe
COVID-19
inequality
outbreak
infectious disease
people who inject drugs
harm reduction
ISSN:1758-2652, 1758-2652
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Abstract Introduction In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable to many infectious diseases. While relationships between drug use and blood‐borne and sexually transmitted infections are well studied, less attention has been paid to other infectious disease outbreaks among PWID. Discussion COVID‐19 is likely to disproportionally affect PWID due to a high prevalence of comorbidities that make the disease more severe, unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions, stigmatization, common incarceration, homelessness and difficulties in adhering to quarantine, social distancing or self‐isolation mandates. The COVID‐19 pandemic also jeopardizes essential for PWID services, such as needle exchange or substitution therapy programmes, which can be affected both in a short‐ and a long‐term perspective. Importantly, there is substantial evidence of other infectious disease outbreaks in PWID that were associated with factors that enable COVID‐19 transmission, such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions and communal ways of using drugs. Conclusions The COVID‐19 crisis might increase risks of homelessnes, overdoses and unsafe injecting and sexual practices for PWID. In order to address existing inequalities, consultations with PWID advocacy groups are vital when designing inclusive health response to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
AbstractList In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable to many infectious diseases. While relationships between drug use and blood‐borne and sexually transmitted infections are well studied, less attention has been paid to other infectious disease outbreaks among PWID. COVID‐19 is likely to disproportionally affect PWID due to a high prevalence of comorbidities that make the disease more severe, unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions, stigmatization, common incarceration, homelessness and difficulties in adhering to quarantine, social distancing or self‐isolation mandates. The COVID‐19 pandemic also jeopardizes essential for PWID services, such as needle exchange or substitution therapy programmes, which can be affected both in a short‐ and a long‐term perspective. Importantly, there is substantial evidence of other infectious disease outbreaks in PWID that were associated with factors that enable COVID‐19 transmission, such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions and communal ways of using drugs. The COVID‐19 crisis might increase risks of homelessnes, overdoses and unsafe injecting and sexual practices for PWID. In order to address existing inequalities, consultations with PWID advocacy groups are vital when designing inclusive health response to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable to many infectious diseases. While relationships between drug use and blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections are well studied, less attention has been paid to other infectious disease outbreaks among PWID.INTRODUCTIONIn light of the COVID-19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable to many infectious diseases. While relationships between drug use and blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections are well studied, less attention has been paid to other infectious disease outbreaks among PWID.COVID-19 is likely to disproportionally affect PWID due to a high prevalence of comorbidities that make the disease more severe, unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions, stigmatization, common incarceration, homelessness and difficulties in adhering to quarantine, social distancing or self-isolation mandates. The COVID-19 pandemic also jeopardizes essential for PWID services, such as needle exchange or substitution therapy programmes, which can be affected both in a short- and a long-term perspective. Importantly, there is substantial evidence of other infectious disease outbreaks in PWID that were associated with factors that enable COVID-19 transmission, such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions and communal ways of using drugs.DISCUSSIONCOVID-19 is likely to disproportionally affect PWID due to a high prevalence of comorbidities that make the disease more severe, unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions, stigmatization, common incarceration, homelessness and difficulties in adhering to quarantine, social distancing or self-isolation mandates. The COVID-19 pandemic also jeopardizes essential for PWID services, such as needle exchange or substitution therapy programmes, which can be affected both in a short- and a long-term perspective. Importantly, there is substantial evidence of other infectious disease outbreaks in PWID that were associated with factors that enable COVID-19 transmission, such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions and communal ways of using drugs.The COVID-19 crisis might increase risks of homelessnes, overdoses and unsafe injecting and sexual practices for PWID. In order to address existing inequalities, consultations with PWID advocacy groups are vital when designing inclusive health response to the COVID-19 pandemic.CONCLUSIONSThe COVID-19 crisis might increase risks of homelessnes, overdoses and unsafe injecting and sexual practices for PWID. In order to address existing inequalities, consultations with PWID advocacy groups are vital when designing inclusive health response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable to many infectious diseases. While relationships between drug use and blood-borne and sexually transmitted infections are well studied, less attention has been paid to other infectious disease outbreaks among PWID. COVID-19 is likely to disproportionally affect PWID due to a high prevalence of comorbidities that make the disease more severe, unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions, stigmatization, common incarceration, homelessness and difficulties in adhering to quarantine, social distancing or self-isolation mandates. The COVID-19 pandemic also jeopardizes essential for PWID services, such as needle exchange or substitution therapy programmes, which can be affected both in a short- and a long-term perspective. Importantly, there is substantial evidence of other infectious disease outbreaks in PWID that were associated with factors that enable COVID-19 transmission, such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions and communal ways of using drugs. The COVID-19 crisis might increase risks of homelessnes, overdoses and unsafe injecting and sexual practices for PWID. In order to address existing inequalities, consultations with PWID advocacy groups are vital when designing inclusive health response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Introduction In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable to many infectious diseases. While relationships between drug use and blood‐borne and sexually transmitted infections are well studied, less attention has been paid to other infectious disease outbreaks among PWID. Discussion COVID‐19 is likely to disproportionally affect PWID due to a high prevalence of comorbidities that make the disease more severe, unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions, stigmatization, common incarceration, homelessness and difficulties in adhering to quarantine, social distancing or self‐isolation mandates. The COVID‐19 pandemic also jeopardizes essential for PWID services, such as needle exchange or substitution therapy programmes, which can be affected both in a short‐ and a long‐term perspective. Importantly, there is substantial evidence of other infectious disease outbreaks in PWID that were associated with factors that enable COVID‐19 transmission, such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions and communal ways of using drugs. Conclusions The COVID‐19 crisis might increase risks of homelessnes, overdoses and unsafe injecting and sexual practices for PWID. In order to address existing inequalities, consultations with PWID advocacy groups are vital when designing inclusive health response to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Introduction: In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable to many infectious diseases. While relationships between drug use and blood‐borne and sexually transmitted infections are well studied, less attention has been paid to other infectious disease outbreaks among PWID. Discussion: COVID‐19 is likely to disproportionally affect PWID due to a high prevalence of comorbidities that make the disease more severe, unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions, stigmatization, common incarceration, homelessness and difficulties in adhering to quarantine, social distancing or self‐isolation mandates. The COVID‐19 pandemic also jeopardizes essential for PWID services, such as needle exchange or substitution therapy programmes, which can be affected both in a short‐ and a long‐term perspective. Importantly, there is substantial evidence of other infectious disease outbreaks in PWID that were associated with factors that enable COVID‐19 transmission, such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions and communal ways of using drugs. Conclusions: The COVID‐19 crisis might increase risks of homelessnes, overdoses and unsafe injecting and sexual practices for PWID. In order to address existing inequalities, consultations with PWID advocacy groups are vital when designing inclusive health response to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
IntroductionIn light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the psychological, physical, behavioural and economic consequences of substance use make people who inject drugs (PWID) extremely vulnerable to many infectious diseases. While relationships between drug use and blood‐borne and sexually transmitted infections are well studied, less attention has been paid to other infectious disease outbreaks among PWID.DiscussionCOVID‐19 is likely to disproportionally affect PWID due to a high prevalence of comorbidities that make the disease more severe, unsanitary and overcrowded living conditions, stigmatization, common incarceration, homelessness and difficulties in adhering to quarantine, social distancing or self‐isolation mandates. The COVID‐19 pandemic also jeopardizes essential for PWID services, such as needle exchange or substitution therapy programmes, which can be affected both in a short‐ and a long‐term perspective. Importantly, there is substantial evidence of other infectious disease outbreaks in PWID that were associated with factors that enable COVID‐19 transmission, such as poor hygiene, overcrowded living conditions and communal ways of using drugs.ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 crisis might increase risks of homelessnes, overdoses and unsafe injecting and sexual practices for PWID. In order to address existing inequalities, consultations with PWID advocacy groups are vital when designing inclusive health response to the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Audience Academic
Author Vasylyeva, Tetyana I
Smyrnov, Pavlo
Strathdee, Steffanie
Friedman, Samuel R
AuthorAffiliation 3 Department of Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA
2 Alliance for Public Health Kyiv Ukraine
4 Department of Population Health New York University New York NY USA
1 Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 4 Department of Population Health New York University New York NY USA
– name: 2 Alliance for Public Health Kyiv Ukraine
– name: 1 Department of Zoology University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom
– name: 3 Department of Medicine University of California San Diego San Diego CA USA
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Tetyana I
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9736-7022
  surname: Vasylyeva
  fullname: Vasylyeva, Tetyana I
  email: tetyana.vasylyeva@zoo.ox.ac.uk
  organization: University of Oxford
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Pavlo
  surname: Smyrnov
  fullname: Smyrnov, Pavlo
  organization: Alliance for Public Health
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Steffanie
  surname: Strathdee
  fullname: Strathdee, Steffanie
  organization: University of California San Diego
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Samuel R
  surname: Friedman
  fullname: Friedman, Samuel R
  organization: New York University
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32697423$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2020 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International AIDS Society
2020 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International AIDS Society.
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Issue 7
Keywords COVID-19
inequality
outbreak
infectious disease
people who inject drugs
harm reduction
Language English
License Attribution
2020 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International AIDS Society.
This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Snippet Introduction In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and...
In light of the COVID-19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the...
Introduction: In light of the COVID?19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization...
Introduction: In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization...
In light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and the...
IntroductionIn light of the COVID‐19 pandemic, considerable effort is going into identifying and protecting those at risk. Criminalization, stigmatization and...
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SubjectTerms Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adult
AIDS
Betacoronavirus
Care and treatment
Communicable diseases
Coronavirus Infections - complications
COVID-19
Disease Outbreaks
Drug addicts
Drug Overdose - epidemiology
Drug trafficking
Drug use
Epidemics
Harm reduction
Hepatitis
Heroin
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - epidemiology
Homeless people
Homelessness
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Hygiene
Ill-Housed Persons - statistics & numerical data
Imprisonment
inequality
Infections
infectious disease
Infectious diseases
Injections - adverse effects
Liver diseases
Living conditions
Male
Narcotics
outbreak
Outbreaks
Pandemics
Pathogens
people who inject drugs
Pneumonia, Viral - complications
Prevention
Prison overcrowding
Public health
Quarantine
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2
Sexually transmitted diseases
Social aspects
Social distancing
STD
Substance Abuse, Intravenous - complications
Substance use
Tuberculosis
United Kingdom
Unsafe Sex - statistics & numerical data
Viruses
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Title Challenges posed by COVID‐19 to people who inject drugs and lessons from other outbreaks
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