Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Multiple Sclerosis

In recent years, several studies have examined the potential associations between mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. In MS, neurological disability results from inflammation, demyelination, and ultima...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biology (Basel, Switzerland) Jg. 8; H. 2; S. 37
Hauptverfasser: Barcelos, Isabella Peixoto de, Troxell, Regina M., Graves, Jennifer S.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland MDPI AG 11.05.2019
MDPI
Schlagworte:
Alzheimer's disease
Apoptosis
Atrophy
Bioenergetics
Central nervous system
Cytokines
Demyelination
Electron transport
electron transport chain
energy
Genomes
Inflammation
ion channels
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial DNA
Movement disorders
Multiple sclerosis
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases
neuroinflammation
Neurological complications
Neurons
Oxidative stress
Parkinson's disease
Phosphorylation
Review
sclerosis
therapeutics
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
neurodegeneration
neuroinflammation
mitochondria
multiple sclerosis
ISSN:2079-7737, 2079-7737
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:In recent years, several studies have examined the potential associations between mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. In MS, neurological disability results from inflammation, demyelination, and ultimately, axonal damage within the central nervous system. The sustained inflammatory phase of the disease leads to ion channel changes and chronic oxidative stress. Several independent investigations have demonstrated mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency in MS, as well as abnormalities in mitochondrial transport. These processes create an energy imbalance and contribute to a parallel process of progressive neurodegeneration and irreversible disability. The potential roles of mitochondria in neurodegeneration are reviewed. An overview of mitochondrial diseases that may overlap with MS are also discussed, as well as possible therapeutic targets for the treatment of MS and other neurodegenerative conditions.
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ISSN:2079-7737
2079-7737
DOI:10.3390/biology8020037