Time to initiation of breastfeeding and neonatal mortality and morbidity: a systematic review

Background Early breastfeeding is defined as the initiation of breastfeeding within twenty four hours of birth. While the benefits of breastfeeding have been known for decades, only recently has the role of time to initiation of breastfeeding in neonatal mortality and morbidity been assessed. Object...

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Vydáno v:BMC public health Ročník 13; číslo Suppl 3; s. S19
Hlavní autoři: Debes, Amanda K, Kohli, Anjalee, Walker, Neff, Edmond, Karen, Mullany, Luke C
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: London BioMed Central 2013
Springer Nature B.V
Témata:
Biostatistics
Breast feeding
Breast Feeding - statistics & numerical data
Breastfeeding & lactation
Childrens health
Environmental Health
Epidemiology
Health Promotion - methods
Health risks
Humans
Infant
Infant Care - methods
Infant Mortality
Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Infant Welfare - statistics & numerical data
Infant, Newborn
Infant, Newborn, Diseases - prevention & control
Infectious diseases
Low income groups
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Morbidity
Mortality risk
Neonates
Public Health
Review
Sepsis
Systematic review
Time Factors
Vaccine
United States > US
Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group
Neonatal Outcome
Neonatal Mortality
Exclusive Breastfeed
Early Breastfeed
ISSN:1471-2458, 1471-2458
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Shrnutí:Background Early breastfeeding is defined as the initiation of breastfeeding within twenty four hours of birth. While the benefits of breastfeeding have been known for decades, only recently has the role of time to initiation of breastfeeding in neonatal mortality and morbidity been assessed. Objective To review the evidence for early breastfeeding initiation practices and to estimate the association between timing and neonatal outcomes. Methods We systematically reviewed multiple databases from 1963 to 2011. Standardized abstraction tables were used and quality was assessed for each study utilizing the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology. Three meta-analyses were conducted for mortality among babies surviving to 48 hours. Results We identified 18 studies reporting a direct association between early breastfeeding initiation and neonatal mortality and morbidity outcomes. The results of random effects analyses of data from 3 studies (from 5 publications) demonstrated lower risks of all-cause neonatal mortality among all live births (RR = 0.56 [95% CI: 0.40 – 0.79]) and among low birth weight babies (RR=0.58 [95% CI: 0.43 – 0.78]), and infection-related neonatal mortality (RR = 0.55 [95% CI: 0.36 – 0.84]). Among exclusively breastfed infants, all-cause mortality risk did not differ between early and late initiators (RR = 0.69 [95% CI: 0.27 – 1.75]). Conclusions This review demonstrates that early breastfeeding initiation is a simple intervention that has the potential to significantly improve neonatal outcomes and should be universally recommended. Significant gaps in knowledge are highlighted, revealing a need to prioritize additional high quality studies that further clarify the specific cause of death, as well as providing improved understanding of the independent or combined effects of early initiation and breastfeeding patterns.
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ISSN:1471-2458
1471-2458
DOI:10.1186/1471-2458-13-S3-S19