Health impact assessment of active transportation: A systematic review

Walking and cycling for transportation (i.e. active transportation, AT), provide substantial health benefits from increased physical activity (PA). However, risks of injury from exposure to motorized traffic and their emissions (i.e. air pollution) exist. The objective was to systematically review s...

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Vydáno v:	Preventive medicine Ročník 76; s. 103 - 114
Hlavní autoři:	Mueller, Natalie, Rojas-Rueda, David, Cole-Hunter, Tom, de Nazelle, Audrey, Dons, Evi, Gerike, Regine, Götschi, Thomas, Int Panis, Luc, Kahlmeier, Sonja, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States Elsevier Inc 01.07.2015
Témata:	Active transportation Air pollution Bicycling Exercise Female Health Impact Assessment Humans Internal Medicine Male Mode shift Physical activity Risk Assessment Traffic incident Transportation - methods Walking RR HIA Physical activity TRAP Mode shift CVD HEAT PA AT DALYs PM2.5 DRF Active transportation Air pollution Health impact assessment Traffic incident WHO PM 2.5 health impact assessment dose–response function active transportation cardiovascular disease Health Economic Assessment Tool World Health Organization traffic-related air pollution particulate matter less than 2.5 μm relative risk physical activity disability-adjusted life years
ISSN:	0091-7435, 1096-0260, 1096-0260
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Popis
Shrnutí:	Walking and cycling for transportation (i.e. active transportation, AT), provide substantial health benefits from increased physical activity (PA). However, risks of injury from exposure to motorized traffic and their emissions (i.e. air pollution) exist. The objective was to systematically review studies conducting health impact assessment (HIA) of a mode shift to AT on grounds of associated health benefits and risks. Systematic database searches of MEDLINE, Web of Science and Transportation Research International Documentation were performed by two independent researchers, augmented by bibliographic review, internet searches and expert consultation to identify peer-reviewed studies from inception to December 2014. Thirty studies were included, originating predominantly from Europe, but also the United States, Australia and New Zealand. They compromised of mostly HIA approaches of comparative risk assessment and cost–benefit analysis. Estimated health benefit–risk or benefit–cost ratios of a mode shift to AT ranged between −2 and 360 (median=9). Effects of increased PA contributed the most to estimated health benefits, which strongly outweighed detrimental effects of traffic incidents and air pollution exposure on health. Despite different HIA methodologies being applied with distinctive assumptions on key parameters, AT can provide substantial net health benefits, irrespective of geographical context. •Health impact assessment (HIA) can estimate impacts of transportation on health.•Active transportation (AT; walking, cycling) provides substantial health benefits.•Physical activity benefits exceed traffic-associated collision/emission detriments.•Differences in health benefits from AT exist for age, sex and ethnicity.•Net benefits are independent of geographical context or HIA modeling assumptions.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Undefined-4
ISSN:	0091-7435 1096-0260 1096-0260
DOI:	10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.04.010