Response of Ti microstructure in mechanical and laser forming processes
Microstructural deformation mechanisms present during three different forming processes in commercially pure Ti were analysed. Room temperature mechanical forming, laser beam forming and a combination of these two processes were applied to thick metal plates in order to achieve the same final shape....
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| Published in: | Journal of materials science Vol. 53; no. 20; pp. 14713 - 14728 |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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01.10.2018
Springer Springer Nature B.V |
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| ISSN: | 0022-2461, 1573-4803 |
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| Abstract | Microstructural deformation mechanisms present during three different forming processes in commercially pure Ti were analysed. Room temperature mechanical forming, laser beam forming and a combination of these two processes were applied to thick metal plates in order to achieve the same final shape. An electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to study the plate microstructure before and after applying the forming processes. Substantial differences among the main deformation mechanisms were clearly detected. In pure mechanical forming at room temperature, mechanical twinning predominates in both compression and tensile areas. A dislocation slip mechanism inside the compression and tensile area is characteristic of the pure laser forming process. Forming processes which subsequently combine the laser and mechanical approaches result in a combination of twinning and dislocation mechanisms. The Schmid factor at an individual grain level, the local temperature and the strain rate are factors that determine which deformation mechanism will prevail at the microscopic level. The final microstructures obtained after the different forming processes were applied are discussed from the point of view of their influence on the performance of the resulting formed product. The observations suggest that phase transformation in Ti is an additional microstructural factor that has to be considered during laser forming. |
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| AbstractList | Microstructural deformation mechanisms present during three different forming processes in commercially pure Ti were analysed. Room temperature mechanical forming, laser beam forming and a combination of these two processes were applied to thick metal plates in order to achieve the same final shape. An electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to study the plate microstructure before and after applying the forming processes. Substantial differences among the main deformation mechanisms were clearly detected. In pure mechanical forming at room temperature, mechanical twinning predominates in both compression and tensile areas. A dislocation slip mechanism inside the compression and tensile area is characteristic of the pure laser forming process. Forming processes which subsequently combine the laser and mechanical approaches result in a combination of twinning and dislocation mechanisms. The Schmid factor at an individual grain level, the local temperature and the strain rate are factors that determine which deformation mechanism will prevail at the microscopic level. The final microstructures obtained after the different forming processes were applied are discussed from the point of view of their influence on the performance of the resulting formed product. The observations suggest that phase transformation in Ti is an additional microstructural factor that has to be considered during laser forming. Microstructural deformation mechanisms present during three different forming processes in commercially pure Ti were analysed. Room temperature mechanical forming, laser beam forming and a combination of these two processes were applied to thick metal plates in order to achieve the same final shape. An electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to study the plate microstructure before and after applying the forming processes. Substantial differences among the main deformation mechanisms were clearly detected. In pure mechanical forming at room temperature, mechanical twinning predominates in both compression and tensile areas. A dislocation slip mechanism inside the compression and tensile area is characteristic of the pure laser forming process. Forming processes which subsequently combine the laser and mechanical approaches result in a combination of twinning and dislocation mechanisms. The Schmid factor at an individual grain level, the local temperature and the strain rate are factors that determine which deformation mechanism will prevail at the microscopic level. The final microstructures obtained after the different forming processes were applied are discussed from the point of view of their influence on the performance of the resulting formed product. The observations suggest that phase transformation in Ti is an additional microstructural factor that has to be considered during laser forming.Microstructural deformation mechanisms present during three different forming processes in commercially pure Ti were analysed. Room temperature mechanical forming, laser beam forming and a combination of these two processes were applied to thick metal plates in order to achieve the same final shape. An electron backscatter diffraction technique was used to study the plate microstructure before and after applying the forming processes. Substantial differences among the main deformation mechanisms were clearly detected. In pure mechanical forming at room temperature, mechanical twinning predominates in both compression and tensile areas. A dislocation slip mechanism inside the compression and tensile area is characteristic of the pure laser forming process. Forming processes which subsequently combine the laser and mechanical approaches result in a combination of twinning and dislocation mechanisms. The Schmid factor at an individual grain level, the local temperature and the strain rate are factors that determine which deformation mechanism will prevail at the microscopic level. The final microstructures obtained after the different forming processes were applied are discussed from the point of view of their influence on the performance of the resulting formed product. The observations suggest that phase transformation in Ti is an additional microstructural factor that has to be considered during laser forming. |
| Audience | Academic |
| Author | Ocelík, V. Botes, A. Fidder, H. De Hosson, J. T. M. |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: H. orcidid: 0000-0002-1889-3041 surname: Fidder fullname: Fidder, H. organization: Department of Applied Physics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cape Peninsula University of Technology – sequence: 2 givenname: V. orcidid: 0000-0003-1981-4517 surname: Ocelík fullname: Ocelík, V. email: v.ocelik@rug.nl organization: Department of Applied Physics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen – sequence: 3 givenname: A. orcidid: 0000-0003-0539-0426 surname: Botes fullname: Botes, A. organization: Materials Science and Manufacturing, CSIR – sequence: 4 givenname: J. T. M. orcidid: 0000-0002-2587-3233 surname: De Hosson fullname: De Hosson, J. T. M. organization: Department of Applied Physics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30956349$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_app9235115 crossref_primary_10_3390_met10010017 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_mechmat_2023_104753 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2011.09.033 10.1016/S0890-6955(02)00075-5 10.1016/j.msea.2006.09.069 10.31399/asm.tb.ttg2.9781627082693 10.1007/s11837-011-0038-x 10.1016/S1359-6454(01)00300-7 10.1007/BF02813267 10.1016/0001-6160(63)90133-0 10.1533/9781845699819 10.1016/0001-6160(53)90009-1 10.1016/0001-6160(84)90175-5 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.11.017 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.02.030 10.1016/0001-6160(66)90319-1 10.5957/jsp.1987.3.4.237 10.1243/PIME_PROC_1995_209_107_02 10.1016/j.actamat.2014.05.030 10.1007/BF02648537 10.1016/j.commatsci.2009.04.022 10.1016/j.ijplas.2011.09.002 10.1016/j.actamat.2013.09.005 10.1016/0001-6160(53)90027-3 10.1007/s11661-009-0097-6 10.1016/S0924-0136(98)00012-0 10.1088/0965-0393/3/1/009 10.1016/S0007-8506(07)62448-2 10.1016/j.matchar.2014.08.012 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.10.003 10.1016/j.jmps.2011.02.007 |
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| Keywords | Laser Forming (LF) Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) Twinning Systems Twinning Modes Schmid Factor |
| Language | English |
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| SubjectTerms | ambient temperature Beamforming Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemistry and Materials Science Classical Mechanics Crystallography and Scattering Methods deformation Deformation mechanisms Dislocations Electron backscatter diffraction Laser beams Lasers Materials Science Mechanical twinning Metal plates Metals Microstructure phase transition Phase transitions Polymer Sciences Solid Mechanics Strain rate Titanium X-ray diffraction |
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