Job Insecurity and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Among U.S. Young Adults During COVID-19

This study aimed to estimate the associations between job insecurity and symptoms of anxiety and depression among U.S. young adults amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed data on young adults aged 18–26 years from June 15 to June 30, 2020, from the weekly, cross-sectional Household Pulse Survey (...

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Vydáno v:	Journal of adolescent health Ročník 68; číslo 1; s. 53 - 56
Hlavní autoři:	Ganson, Kyle T., Tsai, Alexander C., Weiser, Sheri D., Benabou, Samuel E., Nagata, Jason M.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	United States Elsevier Inc 01.01.2021 Elsevier BV
Témata:	Adult Adults Anxiety Anxiety - ethnology Anxiety - psychology Censuses COVID-19 COVID-19 - psychology Cross-Sectional Studies Depression Depression - ethnology Depression - psychology Educational Status Employment Employment - economics Employment security Ethnicity Experience Female Households Humans Job insecurity Job security Male Marital status Mental depression Mental Health Pandemics Race Security Sex education Symptoms Unemployment United States Young Adult Young adults United States United States > US COVID-19 Depression Anxiety Young adults Job insecurity Unemployment
ISSN:	1054-139X, 1879-1972, 1879-1972
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Abstract	This study aimed to estimate the associations between job insecurity and symptoms of anxiety and depression among U.S. young adults amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed data on young adults aged 18–26 years from June 15 to June 30, 2020, from the weekly, cross-sectional Household Pulse Survey (n = 4,852) conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Two job insecurity measures and four anxiety and depression measures were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression models adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. Fifty-nine percent of participants experienced direct or household employment loss since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and 38% were expected to experience direct or household employment loss in the coming 4 weeks. Recent direct or household employment loss and expected direct or household employment loss, among participants who did not experience recent employment loss, were associated with a greater risk of poor mental health on all four measures. U.S. young adults experience a significant mental health burden as a result of job insecurity amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
AbstractList	Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the associations between job insecurity and symptoms of anxiety and depression among U.S. young adults amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We analyzed data on young adults aged 18–26 years from June 15 to June 30, 2020, from the weekly, cross-sectional Household Pulse Survey (n = 4,852) conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Two job insecurity measures and four anxiety and depression measures were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression models adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. Results: Fifty-nine percent of participants experienced direct or household employment loss since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and 38% were expected to experience direct or household employment loss in the coming 4 weeks. Recent direct or household employment loss and expected direct or household employment loss, among participants who did not experience recent employment loss, were associated with a greater risk of poor mental health on all four measures. Conclusions: U.S. young adults experience a significant mental health burden as a result of job insecurity amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to estimate the associations between job insecurity and symptoms of anxiety and depression among U.S. young adults amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed data on young adults aged 18–26 years from June 15 to June 30, 2020, from the weekly, cross-sectional Household Pulse Survey (n = 4,852) conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Two job insecurity measures and four anxiety and depression measures were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression models adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status. Fifty-nine percent of participants experienced direct or household employment loss since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and 38% were expected to experience direct or household employment loss in the coming 4 weeks. Recent direct or household employment loss and expected direct or household employment loss, among participants who did not experience recent employment loss, were associated with a greater risk of poor mental health on all four measures. U.S. young adults experience a significant mental health burden as a result of job insecurity amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to estimate the associations between job insecurity and symptoms of anxiety and depression among U.S. young adults amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.PURPOSEThis study aimed to estimate the associations between job insecurity and symptoms of anxiety and depression among U.S. young adults amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.We analyzed data on young adults aged 18-26 years from June 15 to June 30, 2020, from the weekly, cross-sectional Household Pulse Survey (n = 4,852) conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Two job insecurity measures and four anxiety and depression measures were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression models adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status.METHODSWe analyzed data on young adults aged 18-26 years from June 15 to June 30, 2020, from the weekly, cross-sectional Household Pulse Survey (n = 4,852) conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau. Two job insecurity measures and four anxiety and depression measures were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression models adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, and marital status.Fifty-nine percent of participants experienced direct or household employment loss since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and 38% were expected to experience direct or household employment loss in the coming 4 weeks. Recent direct or household employment loss and expected direct or household employment loss, among participants who did not experience recent employment loss, were associated with a greater risk of poor mental health on all four measures.RESULTSFifty-nine percent of participants experienced direct or household employment loss since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and 38% were expected to experience direct or household employment loss in the coming 4 weeks. Recent direct or household employment loss and expected direct or household employment loss, among participants who did not experience recent employment loss, were associated with a greater risk of poor mental health on all four measures.U.S. young adults experience a significant mental health burden as a result of job insecurity amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.CONCLUSIONSU.S. young adults experience a significant mental health burden as a result of job insecurity amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
Author	Benabou, Samuel E. Tsai, Alexander C. Ganson, Kyle T. Nagata, Jason M. Weiser, Sheri D.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Kyle T. surname: Ganson fullname: Ganson, Kyle T. email: kyle.ganson@utoronto.ca organization: Factor-Inwentash Faculty of Social Work, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – sequence: 2 givenname: Alexander C. surname: Tsai fullname: Tsai, Alexander C. organization: Center for Global Health and Mongan Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts – sequence: 3 givenname: Sheri D. surname: Weiser fullname: Weiser, Sheri D. organization: Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California – sequence: 4 givenname: Samuel E. surname: Benabou fullname: Benabou, Samuel E. organization: Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California – sequence: 5 givenname: Jason M. surname: Nagata fullname: Nagata, Jason M. organization: Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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SubjectTerms	Adult Adults Anxiety Anxiety - ethnology Anxiety - psychology Censuses COVID-19 COVID-19 - psychology Cross-Sectional Studies Depression Depression - ethnology Depression - psychology Educational Status Employment Employment - economics Employment security Ethnicity Experience Female Households Humans Job insecurity Job security Male Marital status Mental depression Mental Health Pandemics Race Security Sex education Symptoms Unemployment United States Young Adult Young adults
Title	Job Insecurity and Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Among U.S. Young Adults During COVID-19
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