A life cycle approach to the management of household food waste – A Swedish full-scale case study

► The comparison of three different methods for management of household food waste show that anaerobic digestion provides greater environmental benefits in relation to global warming potential, acidification and ozone depilation compared to incineration and composting of food waste. Use of produced...

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Vydáno v:	Waste management (Elmsford) Ročník 31; číslo 8; s. 1879 - 1896
Hlavní autoři:	Bernstad, A., la Cour Jansen, J.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.08.2011 Elsevier
Témata:	09 BIOMASS FUELS ACIDIFICATION Aerobiosis ALKANES ANAEROBIC DIGESTION Anaerobiosis Applied sciences BIOCONVERSION Biodegradation, Environmental biofertilizers Biofuels biogas biological treatment CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON DIOXIDE Carbon Footprint CARBON OXIDES CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS case studies CHALCOGENIDES Chemical Engineering CLIMATIC CHANGE COAL COMPOSTING DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DIGESTION electricity emissions energy ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY SUBSTITUTION Energy-Generating Resources Engineering and Technology environmental impact ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EUROPE Exact sciences and technology FERTILIZERS food waste FOSSIL FUELS FUELS Garbage General treatment and storage processes GREENHOUSE EFFECT HOUSEHOLDS HYDROCARBONS Incineration Kemiteknik LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT MATERIALS METHANE MUNICIPAL WASTES NUTRIENTS ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC POLYMERS Other wastes and particular components of wastes OXIDES OXYGEN COMPOUNDS OZONE PETROCHEMICALS PETROLEUM PRODUCTS plastic bags PLASTICS Pollution POLYMERS POWER GENERATION PROCESSING Refuse Disposal - methods SCANDINAVIA SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS Soil SWEDEN SYNTHETIC MATERIALS Teknik Transportation Urban and domestic wastes WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE PROCESSING WASTES WESTERN EUROPE Sweden Life cycle (environment) Carbon dioxide Acidification Biogas Paper bag Aerobe Pollutant emission Anaerobic digestion Food waste Waste management Transport process Composting Incineration Anaerobe Environment impact Biological treatment Domestic refuse
ISSN:	0956-053X, 1879-2456, 1879-2456
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Abstract	► The comparison of three different methods for management of household food waste show that anaerobic digestion provides greater environmental benefits in relation to global warming potential, acidification and ozone depilation compared to incineration and composting of food waste. Use of produced biogas as car fuel provides larger environmental benefits compared to a use of biogas for heat and power production. ► The use of produced digestate from the anaerobic digestion as substitution for chemical fertilizer on farmland provides avoidance of environmental burdens in the same ratio as the substitution of fossil fuels with produced biogas. ► Sensitivity analyses show that results are highly sensitive to assumptions regarding the environmental burdens connected to heat and energy supposedly substituted by the waste treatment. Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods – both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6 kg CO 2-eq/household and year if incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6 kg CO 2-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain.
AbstractList	► The comparison of three different methods for management of household food waste show that anaerobic digestion provides greater environmental benefits in relation to global warming potential, acidification and ozone depilation compared to incineration and composting of food waste. Use of produced biogas as car fuel provides larger environmental benefits compared to a use of biogas for heat and power production. ► The use of produced digestate from the anaerobic digestion as substitution for chemical fertilizer on farmland provides avoidance of environmental burdens in the same ratio as the substitution of fossil fuels with produced biogas. ► Sensitivity analyses show that results are highly sensitive to assumptions regarding the environmental burdens connected to heat and energy supposedly substituted by the waste treatment. Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods – both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6 kg CO 2-eq/household and year if incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6 kg CO 2-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain. Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods – both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6kg CO₂-eq/household and year if incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6kg CO₂-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain. Research Highlights: > The comparison of three different methods for management of household food waste show that anaerobic digestion provides greater environmental benefits in relation to global warming potential, acidification and ozone depilation compared to incineration and composting of food waste. Use of produced biogas as car fuel provides larger environmental benefits compared to a use of biogas for heat and power production. > The use of produced digestate from the anaerobic digestion as substitution for chemical fertilizer on farmland provides avoidance of environmental burdens in the same ratio as the substitution of fossil fuels with produced biogas. > Sensitivity analyses show that results are highly sensitive to assumptions regarding the environmental burdens connected to heat and energy supposedly substituted by the waste treatment. - Abstract: Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods - both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6 kg CO{sub 2}-eq/household and year if incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6 kg CO{sub 2}-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain. Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods - both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6kg CO2-eq/household and year if incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6kg CO2-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain. Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods - both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain. Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods - both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain.Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the EASEWASTE LCA-tool. The comparison is based on a full scale case study in southern Sweden and used input-data related to aspects such as source-separation behaviour, transport distances, etc. are site-specific. Results show that biological treatment methods - both anaerobic and aerobic, result in net avoidance of GHG-emissions, but give a larger contribution both to nutrient enrichment and acidification when compared to incineration. Results are to a high degree dependent on energy substitution and emissions during biological processes. It was seen that if it is assumed that produced biogas substitute electricity based on Danish coal power, this is preferable before use of biogas as car fuel. Use of biogas for Danish electricity substitution was also determined to be more beneficial compared to incineration of organic household waste. This is a result mainly of the use of plastic bags in the incineration alternative (compared to paper bags in the anaerobic) and the use of biofertiliser (digestate) from anaerobic treatment as substitution of chemical fertilisers used in an incineration alternative. Net impact related to GWP from the management chain varies from a contribution of 2.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if incineration is utilised, to an avoidance of 5.6kg CO(2)-eq/household and year if choosing anaerobic digestion and using produced biogas as car fuel. Impacts are often dependent on processes allocated far from the control of local decision-makers, indicating the importance of a holistic approach and extended collaboration between agents in the waste management chain.
Author	Bernstad, A. la Cour Jansen, J.
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: A. surname: Bernstad fullname: Bernstad, A. email: anna.bernstad@chemeng.lth.se – sequence: 2 givenname: J. surname: la Cour Jansen fullname: la Cour Jansen, J.
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62 Haug (10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0250) 1993 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0380 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0260 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0020 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0385 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0660 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0540 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0255 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0135 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0015 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0655 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0535 Bergström (10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0035) 1999; 28 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0090 Stranddorf (10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0515) 2005 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0490 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0095 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0130 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0010 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0495 Liang (10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0330) 2000; 80 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0650 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0365 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0640 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0400 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0005 Chung (10.1016/j.wasman.2011.02.026_b0120) 2007; 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Snippet	► The comparison of three different methods for management of household food waste show that anaerobic digestion provides greater environmental benefits in... Environmental impacts from incineration, decentralised composting and centralised anaerobic digestion of solid organic household waste are compared using the... Research Highlights: > The comparison of three different methods for management of household food waste show that anaerobic digestion provides greater...
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SubjectTerms	09 BIOMASS FUELS ACIDIFICATION Aerobiosis ALKANES ANAEROBIC DIGESTION Anaerobiosis Applied sciences BIOCONVERSION Biodegradation, Environmental biofertilizers Biofuels biogas biological treatment CARBON COMPOUNDS CARBON DIOXIDE Carbon Footprint CARBON OXIDES CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS case studies CHALCOGENIDES Chemical Engineering CLIMATIC CHANGE COAL COMPOSTING DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DIGESTION electricity emissions energy ENERGY SOURCES ENERGY SUBSTITUTION Energy-Generating Resources Engineering and Technology environmental impact ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS EUROPE Exact sciences and technology FERTILIZERS food waste FOSSIL FUELS FUELS Garbage General treatment and storage processes GREENHOUSE EFFECT HOUSEHOLDS HYDROCARBONS Incineration Kemiteknik LIFE CYCLE MANAGEMENT MATERIALS METHANE MUNICIPAL WASTES NUTRIENTS ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ORGANIC POLYMERS Other wastes and particular components of wastes OXIDES OXYGEN COMPOUNDS OZONE PETROCHEMICALS PETROLEUM PRODUCTS plastic bags PLASTICS Pollution POLYMERS POWER GENERATION PROCESSING Refuse Disposal - methods SCANDINAVIA SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS Soil SWEDEN SYNTHETIC MATERIALS Teknik Transportation Urban and domestic wastes WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE PROCESSING WASTES WESTERN EUROPE
Title	A life cycle approach to the management of household food waste – A Swedish full-scale case study
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