Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis

Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB...

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Veröffentlicht in:	BMC infectious diseases Jg. 25; H. 1; S. 680 - 6
Hauptverfasser:	Musso, Maria, Gualano, Gina, Mencarini, Paola, Mastrobattista, Annelisa, Licata, Maria Angela, Pareo, Carlo, Cerva, Carlotta, Mosti, Silvia, Di Bari, Virginia, Libertone, Raffaella, Nisii, Carla, Cannas, Angela, Navarra, Assunta, Goletti, Delia, Palmieri, Fabrizio
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	London BioMed Central 08.05.2025 BioMed Central Ltd Springer Nature B.V BMC
Schlagworte:	Adult Aged Alveoli Analysis Bronchoalveolar lavage Bronchoalveolar Lavage - methods Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - microbiology Bronchoscopy Bronchus Care and treatment Consents Demographic aspects Diagnosis Endoscopy Female Humans Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Lavage Male Medical Microbiology Medicine Medicine & Public Health Microscopy Middle Aged Mycobacterium tuberculosis - genetics Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification Parasitology Patients Pulmonary tuberculosis Resource availability Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity and Specificity Sputum Sputum - microbiology Tropical Medicine Tuberculosis Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - diagnosis Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology Variables Young Adult Italy United States > US
ISSN:	1471-2334, 1471-2334
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Abstract	Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB was confirmed by culture or molecular test in 26 patients (12.1%). IS detected 10 cases (38.5%) of all PTB, while BAL detected 22 cases (84.6%) of all PTB. IS had a sensitivity of 38.46% and a specificity of 100%, while BAL had a sensitivity of 84.62% and a specificity of 100%. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and was useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. According to our experience FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. Moreover, it consents testing microorganism sensitivity and assessing possible alternative diagnosis with similar clinical presentation. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources. Highlights The study compared IS and BAL in suspected PTB patients with negative sputum smears. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and detected 84.6% of all PTB cases. BAL was also useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources.
AbstractList	Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB was confirmed by culture or molecular test in 26 patients (12.1%). IS detected 10 cases (38.5%) of all PTB, while BAL detected 22 cases (84.6%) of all PTB. IS had a sensitivity of 38.46% and a specificity of 100%, while BAL had a sensitivity of 84.62% and a specificity of 100%. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and was useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. According to our experience FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. Moreover, it consents testing microorganism sensitivity and assessing possible alternative diagnosis with similar clinical presentation. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources. Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB was confirmed by culture or molecular test in 26 patients (12.1%). IS detected 10 cases (38.5%) of all PTB, while BAL detected 22 cases (84.6%) of all PTB. IS had a sensitivity of 38.46% and a specificity of 100%, while BAL had a sensitivity of 84.62% and a specificity of 100%. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and was useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. According to our experience FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. Moreover, it consents testing microorganism sensitivity and assessing possible alternative diagnosis with similar clinical presentation. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources. Highlights The study compared IS and BAL in suspected PTB patients with negative sputum smears. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and detected 84.6% of all PTB cases. BAL was also useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources. Abstract Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB was confirmed by culture or molecular test in 26 patients (12.1%). IS detected 10 cases (38.5%) of all PTB, while BAL detected 22 cases (84.6%) of all PTB. IS had a sensitivity of 38.46% and a specificity of 100%, while BAL had a sensitivity of 84.62% and a specificity of 100%. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and was useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. According to our experience FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. Moreover, it consents testing microorganism sensitivity and assessing possible alternative diagnosis with similar clinical presentation. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources. Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB was confirmed by culture or molecular test in 26 patients (12.1%). IS detected 10 cases (38.5%) of all PTB, while BAL detected 22 cases (84.6%) of all PTB. IS had a sensitivity of 38.46% and a specificity of 100%, while BAL had a sensitivity of 84.62% and a specificity of 100%. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and was useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. According to our experience FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. Moreover, it consents testing microorganism sensitivity and assessing possible alternative diagnosis with similar clinical presentation. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources.Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and negative sputum smears. We enrolled 215 patients who underwent both IS and BAL after two negative spontaneous sputum samples. PTB was confirmed by culture or molecular test in 26 patients (12.1%). IS detected 10 cases (38.5%) of all PTB, while BAL detected 22 cases (84.6%) of all PTB. IS had a sensitivity of 38.46% and a specificity of 100%, while BAL had a sensitivity of 84.62% and a specificity of 100%. BAL had a higher diagnostic yield than IS and was useful for ruling out alternative diagnoses. According to our experience FBS execution is mandatory in case of strong TB suspicion and sputum smear negative patients, especially in a low TB prevalence country. Moreover, it consents testing microorganism sensitivity and assessing possible alternative diagnosis with similar clinical presentation. The choice of the best diagnostic method may depend on the clinical context and the availability of resources.
ArticleNumber	680
Audience	Academic
Author	Mastrobattista, Annelisa Cannas, Angela Di Bari, Virginia Licata, Maria Angela Mencarini, Paola Cerva, Carlotta Mosti, Silvia Musso, Maria Palmieri, Fabrizio Libertone, Raffaella Navarra, Assunta Gualano, Gina Pareo, Carlo Goletti, Delia Nisii, Carla
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Snippet	Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis... Abstract Aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield of induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in patients with suspected pulmonary...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Aged Alveoli Analysis Bronchoalveolar lavage Bronchoalveolar Lavage - methods Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid - microbiology Bronchoscopy Bronchus Care and treatment Consents Demographic aspects Diagnosis Endoscopy Female Humans Infectious Diseases Internal Medicine Lavage Male Medical Microbiology Medicine Medicine & Public Health Microscopy Middle Aged Mycobacterium tuberculosis - genetics Mycobacterium tuberculosis - isolation & purification Parasitology Patients Pulmonary tuberculosis Resource availability Sensitivity analysis Sensitivity and Specificity Sputum Sputum - microbiology Tropical Medicine Tuberculosis Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - diagnosis Tuberculosis, Pulmonary - microbiology Variables Young Adult
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Title	Diagnostic yield of induced sputum and Bronchoalveolar lavage in suspected pulmonary tuberculosis
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