Monitoring regulatory T cells in clinical samples: consensus on an essential marker set and gating strategy for regulatory T cell analysis by flow cytometry
Regulatory T cell (Treg)-mediated immunosuppression is considered a major obstacle for successful cancer immunotherapy. The association between clinical outcome and Tregs is being studied extensively in clinical trials, but unfortunately, no consensus has been reached about (a) the markers and (b) t...
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| Vydáno v: | Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy Ročník 64; číslo 10; s. 1271 - 1286 |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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Berlin/Heidelberg
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
01.10.2015
Springer Nature B.V |
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| ISSN: | 0340-7004, 1432-0851 |
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| Abstract | Regulatory T cell (Treg)-mediated immunosuppression is considered a major obstacle for successful cancer immunotherapy. The association between clinical outcome and Tregs is being studied extensively in clinical trials, but unfortunately, no consensus has been reached about (a) the markers and (b) the gating strategy required to define human Tregs in this context, making it difficult to draw final conclusions. Therefore, we have organized an international workshop on the detection and functional testing of Tregs with leading experts in the field, and 40 participants discussing different analyses and the importance of different markers and context in which Tregs were analyzed. This resulted in a rationally composed ranking list of “Treg markers”. Subsequently, the proposed Treg markers were tested to get insight into the overlap/differences between the most frequently used Treg definitions and their utility for Treg detection in various human tissues. Here, we conclude that the CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, and FoxP3 markers are the minimally required markers to define human Treg cells. Staining for Ki67 and CD45RA showed to provide additional information on the activation status of Tregs. The use of markers was validated in a series of PBMC from healthy donors and cancer patients, as well as in tumor-draining lymph nodes and freshly isolated tumors. In conclusion, we propose an essential marker set comprising antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, Foxp3, Ki67, and CD45RA and a corresponding robust gating strategy for the context-dependent analysis of Tregs by flow cytometry. |
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| AbstractList | Regulatory T cell (Treg)-mediated immunosuppression is considered a major obstacle for successful cancer immunotherapy. The association between clinical outcome and Tregs is being studied extensively in clinical trials, but unfortunately, no consensus has been reached about (a) the markers and (b) the gating strategy required to define human Tregs in this context, making it difficult to draw final conclusions. Therefore, we have organized an international workshop on the detection and functional testing of Tregs with leading experts in the field, and 40 participants discussing different analyses and the importance of different markers and context in which Tregs were analyzed. This resulted in a rationally composed ranking list of “Treg markers”. Subsequently, the proposed Treg markers were tested to get insight into the overlap/differences between the most frequently used Treg definitions and their utility for Treg detection in various human tissues. Here, we conclude that the CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, and FoxP3 markers are the minimally required markers to define human Treg cells. Staining for Ki67 and CD45RA showed to provide additional information on the activation status of Tregs. The use of markers was validated in a series of PBMC from healthy donors and cancer patients, as well as in tumor-draining lymph nodes and freshly isolated tumors. In conclusion, we propose an essential marker set comprising antibodies to CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, Foxp3, Ki67, and CD45RA and a corresponding robust gating strategy for the context-dependent analysis of Tregs by flow cytometry. |
| Author | Beckhove, Philipp Santegoets, Saskia J. A. M. Taskén, Kjetil Battaglia, Alessandra Gouttefangeas, Cecile de Gruijl, Tanja D. Britten, Cedrik M. Godkin, Andrew Dijkgraaf, Eveline M. Koenen, Hans J. P. M. Kroep, Judith R. Whiteside, Theresa L. Welters, Marij J. P. Gallimore, Awen van der Burg, Sjoerd H. Shevach, Ethan M. Scheffold, Alexander Staats, Janet |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Saskia J. A. M. surname: Santegoets fullname: Santegoets, Saskia J. A. M. email: s.j.a.m.santegoets@lumc.nl organization: Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) – sequence: 2 givenname: Eveline M. surname: Dijkgraaf fullname: Dijkgraaf, Eveline M. organization: Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) – sequence: 3 givenname: Alessandra surname: Battaglia fullname: Battaglia, Alessandra organization: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart – sequence: 4 givenname: Philipp surname: Beckhove fullname: Beckhove, Philipp organization: Division of Translational Immunology, Department of Surgical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg University Hospital – sequence: 5 givenname: Cedrik M. surname: Britten fullname: Britten, Cedrik M. organization: TRON Translationale Onkologie an der Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz GmbH, GlaxoSmithKline, Cell Therapy Group, Immuno-Oncology & Combinations – sequence: 6 givenname: Awen surname: Gallimore fullname: Gallimore, Awen organization: Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University – sequence: 7 givenname: Andrew surname: Godkin fullname: Godkin, Andrew organization: Institute of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University – sequence: 8 givenname: Cecile surname: Gouttefangeas fullname: Gouttefangeas, Cecile organization: Department of Immunology, Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University – sequence: 9 givenname: Tanja D. surname: de Gruijl fullname: de Gruijl, Tanja D. organization: Department of Medical Oncology, Vrije Universiteit (VU) University Medical Center – sequence: 10 givenname: Hans J. P. M. surname: Koenen fullname: Koenen, Hans J. P. M. organization: Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center – sequence: 11 givenname: Alexander surname: Scheffold fullname: Scheffold, Alexander organization: Department of Cellular Immunology, Clinic for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - University Medicine – sequence: 12 givenname: Ethan M. surname: Shevach fullname: Shevach, Ethan M. organization: Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health – sequence: 13 givenname: Janet surname: Staats fullname: Staats, Janet organization: Duke Center for AIDS Research, Duke University, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center – sequence: 14 givenname: Kjetil surname: Taskén fullname: Taskén, Kjetil organization: Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo and Oslo University Hospital, K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy and Biotechnology Centre, University of Oslo – sequence: 15 givenname: Theresa L. surname: Whiteside fullname: Whiteside, Theresa L. organization: Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute – sequence: 16 givenname: Judith R. surname: Kroep fullname: Kroep, Judith R. organization: Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) – sequence: 17 givenname: Marij J. P. surname: Welters fullname: Welters, Marij J. P. organization: Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) – sequence: 18 givenname: Sjoerd H. surname: van der Burg fullname: van der Burg, Sjoerd H. organization: Department of Clinical Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26122357$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Keywords | Flow cytometry Tregs Consensus Monitoring Phenotyping |
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| PublicationTitle | Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy |
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| Title | Monitoring regulatory T cells in clinical samples: consensus on an essential marker set and gating strategy for regulatory T cell analysis by flow cytometry |
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