ERCP: Energy-Efficient and Reliable-Aware Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been around for over a decade and have been used in many important applications. Energy and reliability are two of the major problems with these kinds of applications. Reliable data delivery is an important issue in WSNs because it is a key part of how well data...

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Vydané v:	Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Ročník 22; číslo 22; s. 8950
Hlavní autori:	El-Fouly, Fatma H., Khedr, Ahmed Y., Sharif, Md. Haidar, Alreshidi, Eissa Jaber, Yadav, Kusum, Kusetogullari, Huseyin, Ramadan, Rabie A.
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Switzerland MDPI AG 01.11.2022 MDPI
Predmet:	Algorithms Clustering Clustering protocol Clusterings Computer network protocols Energy energy balance Energy consumption Energy dissipation Energy efficiency Energy efficient Energy management systems Energy utilization Genetic algorithms Heterogeneous networks Internet protocols Key parts Lifetime Methods Power management (telecommunication) reliability Reliable data delivery routing Routing protocols Routings Sensor nodes Sensors Sink nodes Time energy Well data Wireless communications Wireless sensor networks Egypt routing clustering energy balance wireless sensor networks reliability
ISSN:	1424-8220, 1424-8220
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Abstract	Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been around for over a decade and have been used in many important applications. Energy and reliability are two of the major problems with these kinds of applications. Reliable data delivery is an important issue in WSNs because it is a key part of how well data are sent. At the same time, energy consumption in battery-based sensors is another challenge. Therefore, efficient clustering and routing are techniques that can be used to save sensors energy and guarantee reliable message delivery. With this in mind, this paper develops an energy-efficient and reliable clustering protocol (ERCP) for WSNs. First, an efficient clustering technique is proposed for sensor nodes’ energy savings considering different clustering parameters, including the link quality metric, the energy, the distance to neighbors, the distance to the sink node, and the cluster load metric. The proposed routing protocol works based on the concept of a reliable inter-cluster routing technique that saves energy. The routing decisions are made based on different parameters, such as the energy balance metric, the distance to the sink node, and the wireless link quality. Many experiments and analyses are examined to determine how well the ERCP performs. The experiment results showed that the ECRP protocol performs much better than some of the recent algorithms in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks.
AbstractList	Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been around for over a decade and have been used in many important applications. Energy and reliability are two of the major problems with these kinds of applications. Reliable data delivery is an important issue in WSNs because it is a key part of how well data are sent. At the same time, energy consumption in battery-based sensors is another challenge. Therefore, efficient clustering and routing are techniques that can be used to save sensors energy and guarantee reliable message delivery. With this in mind, this paper develops an energy-efficient and reliable clustering protocol (ERCP) for WSNs. First, an efficient clustering technique is proposed for sensor nodes’ energy savings considering different clustering parameters, including the link quality metric, the energy, the distance to neighbors, the distance to the sink node, and the cluster load metric. The proposed routing protocol works based on the concept of a reliable inter-cluster routing technique that saves energy. The routing decisions are made based on different parameters, such as the energy balance metric, the distance to the sink node, and the wireless link quality. Many experiments and analyses are examined to determine how well the ERCP performs. The experiment results showed that the ECRP protocol performs much better than some of the recent algorithms in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been around for over a decade and have been used in many important applications. Energy and reliability are two of the major problems with these kinds of applications. Reliable data delivery is an important issue in WSNs because it is a key part of how well data are sent. At the same time, energy consumption in battery-based sensors is another challenge. Therefore, efficient clustering and routing are techniques that can be used to save sensors energy and guarantee reliable message delivery. With this in mind, this paper develops an energy-efficient and reliable clustering protocol (ERCP) for WSNs. First, an efficient clustering technique is proposed for sensor nodes’ energy savings considering different clustering parameters, including the link quality metric, the energy, the distance to neighbors, the distance to the sink node, and the cluster load metric. The proposed routing protocol works based on the concept of a reliable inter-cluster routing technique that saves energy. The routing decisions are made based on different parameters, such as the energy balance metric, the distance to the sink node, and the wireless link quality. Many experiments and analyses are examined to determine how well the ERCP performs. The experiment results showed that the ECRP protocol performs much better than some of the recent algorithms in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks. © 2022 by the authors. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been around for over a decade and have been used in many important applications. Energy and reliability are two of the major problems with these kinds of applications. Reliable data delivery is an important issue in WSNs because it is a key part of how well data are sent. At the same time, energy consumption in battery-based sensors is another challenge. Therefore, efficient clustering and routing are techniques that can be used to save sensors energy and guarantee reliable message delivery. With this in mind, this paper develops an energy-efficient and reliable clustering protocol (ERCP) for WSNs. First, an efficient clustering technique is proposed for sensor nodes' energy savings considering different clustering parameters, including the link quality metric, the energy, the distance to neighbors, the distance to the sink node, and the cluster load metric. The proposed routing protocol works based on the concept of a reliable inter-cluster routing technique that saves energy. The routing decisions are made based on different parameters, such as the energy balance metric, the distance to the sink node, and the wireless link quality. Many experiments and analyses are examined to determine how well the ERCP performs. The experiment results showed that the ECRP protocol performs much better than some of the recent algorithms in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks.Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been around for over a decade and have been used in many important applications. Energy and reliability are two of the major problems with these kinds of applications. Reliable data delivery is an important issue in WSNs because it is a key part of how well data are sent. At the same time, energy consumption in battery-based sensors is another challenge. Therefore, efficient clustering and routing are techniques that can be used to save sensors energy and guarantee reliable message delivery. With this in mind, this paper develops an energy-efficient and reliable clustering protocol (ERCP) for WSNs. First, an efficient clustering technique is proposed for sensor nodes' energy savings considering different clustering parameters, including the link quality metric, the energy, the distance to neighbors, the distance to the sink node, and the cluster load metric. The proposed routing protocol works based on the concept of a reliable inter-cluster routing technique that saves energy. The routing decisions are made based on different parameters, such as the energy balance metric, the distance to the sink node, and the wireless link quality. Many experiments and analyses are examined to determine how well the ERCP performs. The experiment results showed that the ECRP protocol performs much better than some of the recent algorithms in both homogeneous and heterogeneous networks.
Audience	Academic
Author	El-Fouly, Fatma H. Ramadan, Rabie A. Yadav, Kusum Khedr, Ahmed Y. Kusetogullari, Huseyin Alreshidi, Eissa Jaber Sharif, Md. Haidar
AuthorAffiliation	3 Systems and Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt 4 Department of ICT, University of Agder, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway 2 College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 8650, Saudi Arabia 1 Department of Communication and Computer Engineering, Higher Institute of Engineering, El-Shorouk Academy, El-Shorouk City 11837, Egypt 6 Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt 5 Department of Computer Science, Blekinge Institute of Technology, 37141 Karlskrona, Sweden
AuthorAffiliation_xml	– name: 3 Systems and Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt – name: 5 Department of Computer Science, Blekinge Institute of Technology, 37141 Karlskrona, Sweden – name: 4 Department of ICT, University of Agder, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway – name: 2 College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 8650, Saudi Arabia – name: 6 Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt – name: 1 Department of Communication and Computer Engineering, Higher Institute of Engineering, El-Shorouk Academy, El-Shorouk City 11837, Egypt
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Snippet	Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been around for over a decade and have been used in many important applications. Energy and reliability are two of the...
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StartPage	8950
SubjectTerms	Algorithms Clustering Clustering protocol Clusterings Computer network protocols Energy energy balance Energy consumption Energy dissipation Energy efficiency Energy efficient Energy management systems Energy utilization Genetic algorithms Heterogeneous networks Internet protocols Key parts Lifetime Methods Power management (telecommunication) reliability Reliable data delivery routing Routing protocols Routings Sensor nodes Sensors Sink nodes Time energy Well data Wireless communications Wireless sensor networks
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Title	ERCP: Energy-Efficient and Reliable-Aware Clustering Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
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Volume	22
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