Identification and Management of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in South Asian Populations in the U.S

South Asians (SAs, individuals with ancestry from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) are among the fastest growing ethnic subgroups in the United States. SAs typically experience a high prevalence of diabetes, abdominal obesity, and hypertension, among other cardiov...

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Published in:JACC. Advances (Online) Vol. 2; no. 2; p. 100258
Main Authors: Agarwala, Anandita, Satish, Priyanka, Al Rifai, Mahmoud, Mehta, Anurag, Cainzos-Achirica, Miguel, Shah, Nilay S., Kanaya, Alka M., Sharma, Garima V., Dixon, Dave L., Blumenthal, Roger S., Natarajan, Pradeep, Nasir, Khurram, Virani, Salim S., Patel, Jaideep
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.03.2023
Subjects:
Cardiovascular
diabetes
ethnic
lipid
prevention
risk
South Asian
ASCVD
LDL-C
lipid
BP
EHR
SA
HDL-C
GDM
HDP
MI
NHW
prevention
BMI
WHO
ACC
ethnic
CAC
T2D
South Asian
CVD
PCE
risk
AHA
diabetes
ADA
CHD
coronary artery calcium
hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
myocardial infarction
atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
pooled cohort equations
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol
blood pressure
cardiovascular disease
World Health Organization
body mass index
American College of Cardiology
gestational diabetes mellitus
non-Hispanic White
American Heart Association
type 2 diabetes
American Diabetes Association
coronary heart disease
electronic health record
ISSN:2772-963X, 2772-963X
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:South Asians (SAs, individuals with ancestry from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka) are among the fastest growing ethnic subgroups in the United States. SAs typically experience a high prevalence of diabetes, abdominal obesity, and hypertension, among other cardiovascular disease risk factors, which are often under recognized and undermanaged. The excess coronary heart disease risk in this growing population must be critically assessed and managed with culturally appropriate preventive services. Accordingly, this scientific document prepared by a multidisciplinary group of clinicians and investigators in cardiology, internal medicine, pharmacy, and SA-centric researchers describes key characteristics of traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, compares and contrasts available risk assessment tools, discusses the role of blood-based biomarkers and coronary artery calcium to enhance risk assessment and prevention strategies, and provides evidenced-based approaches and interventions that may reduce coronary heart disease disparities in this higher-risk population. [Display omitted] •South Asians experience a higher burden of CHD compared with adults of other racial/ethnic groups.•Culturally adapted assessment and management of traditional and nontraditional risk factors is essential.•Available population ASCVD risk assessment tools may be unreliable, particularly for those at borderline and intermediate risk; CAC testing may help refine risk and personalize care.•Evaluation of South Asian subpopulations will help characterize the contribution of social determinants, environmental influences, and genetic susceptibility on heterogenous cardiovascular disease burden.
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ISSN:2772-963X
2772-963X
DOI:10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100258