Distinct Actions of Insulin-Like Growth Factors (IGFs) on Placental Development and Fetal Growth: Lessons from Mice and Guinea Pigs

Placental insufficiency is thought to be a key factor in many cases of intrauterine growth restriction which complicates about 6% of pregnancies in western countries. Understanding the molecular control of placental and fetal growth is essential to identifying diagnostic and therapeutic targets to i...

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Vydané v:Placenta (Eastbourne) Ročník 29; s. 42 - 47
Hlavní autori: Roberts, C.T., Owens, J.A., Sferruzzi-Perri, A.N.
Médium: Journal Article Konferenčný príspevok..
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2008
Elsevier
Predmet:
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Embryology: invertebrates and vertebrates. Teratology
Female
Fetal Development - physiology
Fetal growth
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Guinea Pigs
Humans
IGF-I
IGF-II
IGF2R
Insulin-Like Growth Factor I - physiology
Insulin-Like Growth Factor II - physiology
Internal Medicine
Mice
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Placenta - physiology
Placental transport
Pregnancy
Receptor, IGF Type 1 - physiology
Receptor, IGF Type 2 - physiology
Trophoblast invasion
Fetal growth
Placental transport
IGF-I
Trophoblast invasion
IGF2R
IGF-II
Vertebrata
Fetal development
Insulin like growth factor
Guinea pig
Mammalia
Placenta
Mouse
Fetal membrane
Growth
Animal
Rodentia
ISSN:0143-4004, 1532-3102
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Shrnutí:Placental insufficiency is thought to be a key factor in many cases of intrauterine growth restriction which complicates about 6% of pregnancies in western countries. Understanding the molecular control of placental and fetal growth is essential to identifying diagnostic and therapeutic targets to improve pregnancy success. Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and IGF-II gene ablation or maternal food restriction reduce tissue and circulating IGF abundance in the fetus, placenta and mother and are associated with both placental and fetal growth restriction. Conversely, in vivo treatment of the pregnant guinea pig with IGF-I or IGF-II from early to mid pregnancy increases fetal weight and enhances placental transport near term. IGF-II, and an IGF2R specific analogue, enhanced placental structural differentiation, whereas IGF-I altered maternal body composition. These outcomes demonstrate endocrine roles within the mother for both IGFs, as well as autocrine/paracrine effects of IGF-II in enhancing placentation and pregnancy success. Therefore, factors that alter placental expression of IGF-II, or maternal circulating IGF-I or IGF-II in early pregnancy may affect placental exchange function late in gestation when the demands of the fetus escalate. IGF-II within the fetus may also signal its nutrient demands to the placenta to improve its function to suit. Therefore each IGF of endocrine and local origin has important, but distinct, roles in placental development and function.
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ISSN:0143-4004
1532-3102
DOI:10.1016/j.placenta.2007.12.002