Planar Differential Growth Rates Initiate Precise Fold Positions in Complex Epithelia

Tissue folding is a fundamental process that shapes epithelia into complex 3D organs. The initial positioning of folds is the foundation for the emergence of correct tissue morphology. Mechanisms forming individual folds have been studied, but the precise positioning of folds in complex, multi-folde...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Developmental cell Vol. 51; no. 3; p. 299
Main Authors: Tozluoǧlu, Melda, Duda, Maria, Kirkland, Natalie J, Barrientos, Ricardo, Burden, Jemima J, Muñoz, José J, Mao, Yanlan
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States 04.11.2019
Subjects:
Animals
Basement Membrane - ultrastructure
Clone Cells
Computer Simulation
Drosophila melanogaster - growth & development
Drosophila melanogaster - metabolism
Drosophila Proteins - genetics
Epithelium - anatomy & histology
Epithelium - growth & development
Epithelium - ultrastructure
Imaginal Discs - anatomy & histology
Imaginal Discs - ultrastructure
Models, Biological
Morphogenesis
Mutation - genetics
Time Factors
Wings, Animal - anatomy & histology
Wings, Animal - ultrastructure
Wnt1 Protein - genetics
morphogenesis
computational modeling
finite element
folding
tissue mechanics
ISSN:1878-1551, 1878-1551
Online Access:Get more information
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Summary:Tissue folding is a fundamental process that shapes epithelia into complex 3D organs. The initial positioning of folds is the foundation for the emergence of correct tissue morphology. Mechanisms forming individual folds have been studied, but the precise positioning of folds in complex, multi-folded epithelia is less well-understood. We present a computational model of morphogenesis, encompassing local differential growth and tissue mechanics, to investigate tissue fold positioning. We use the Drosophila wing disc as our model system and show that there is spatial-temporal heterogeneity in its planar growth rates. This differential growth, especially at the early stages of development, is the main driver for fold positioning. Increased apical layer stiffness and confinement by the basement membrane drive fold formation but influence positioning to a lesser degree. The model successfully predicts the in vivo morphology of overgrowth clones and wingless mutants via perturbations solely on planar differential growth in silico.
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ISSN:1878-1551
1878-1551
DOI:10.1016/j.devcel.2019.09.009