Determinants of per-coital-act HIV-1 infectivity among African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples

Knowledge of factors that affect per-act infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is important for designing HIV-1 prevention interventions and for the mathematical modeling of the spread of HIV-1. We analyzed data from a prospective study of African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. W...

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Vydáno v:The Journal of infectious diseases Ročník 205; číslo 3; s. 358
Hlavní autoři: Hughes, James P, Baeten, Jared M, Lingappa, Jairam R, Magaret, Amalia S, Wald, Anna, de Bruyn, Guy, Kiarie, James, Inambao, Mubiana, Kilembe, William, Farquhar, Carey, Celum, Connie
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: United States 01.02.2012
Témata:
ISSN:1537-6613, 1537-6613
On-line přístup:Zjistit podrobnosti o přístupu
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Abstract Knowledge of factors that affect per-act infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is important for designing HIV-1 prevention interventions and for the mathematical modeling of the spread of HIV-1. We analyzed data from a prospective study of African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. We assessed transmissions for linkage within the study partnership, based on HIV-1 sequencing. The primary exposure measure was the HIV-1-seropositive partners' reports of number of sex acts and condom use with their study partner. Of 3297 couples experiencing 86 linked HIV-1 transmissions, the unadjusted per-act risks of unprotected male-to-female (MTF) and female-to-male (FTM) transmission were 0.0019 (95% confidence interval [CI], .0010-.0037) and 0.0010 (95% CI, .00060-.0017), respectively. After adjusting for plasma HIV-1 RNA of the HIV-1-infected partner and herpes simplex virus type 2 serostatus and age of the HIV-1-uninfected partner, we calculated the relative risk (RR) for MTF versus FTM transmission to be 1.03 (P = .93). Each log(10) increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA increased the per-act risk of transmission by 2.9-fold (95% CI, 2.2-3.8). Self-reported condom use reduced the per-act risk by 78% (RR = 0.22 [95% CI, .11-.42]). Modifiable risk factors for HIV-1 transmission were plasma HIV-1 RNA level and condom use, and, in HIV-1-uninfected partners, herpes simplex virus 2 infection, genital ulcers, Trichomonas vaginalis, vaginitis or cervicitis, and male circumcision.
AbstractList Knowledge of factors that affect per-act infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is important for designing HIV-1 prevention interventions and for the mathematical modeling of the spread of HIV-1. We analyzed data from a prospective study of African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. We assessed transmissions for linkage within the study partnership, based on HIV-1 sequencing. The primary exposure measure was the HIV-1-seropositive partners' reports of number of sex acts and condom use with their study partner. Of 3297 couples experiencing 86 linked HIV-1 transmissions, the unadjusted per-act risks of unprotected male-to-female (MTF) and female-to-male (FTM) transmission were 0.0019 (95% confidence interval [CI], .0010-.0037) and 0.0010 (95% CI, .00060-.0017), respectively. After adjusting for plasma HIV-1 RNA of the HIV-1-infected partner and herpes simplex virus type 2 serostatus and age of the HIV-1-uninfected partner, we calculated the relative risk (RR) for MTF versus FTM transmission to be 1.03 (P = .93). Each log(10) increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA increased the per-act risk of transmission by 2.9-fold (95% CI, 2.2-3.8). Self-reported condom use reduced the per-act risk by 78% (RR = 0.22 [95% CI, .11-.42]). Modifiable risk factors for HIV-1 transmission were plasma HIV-1 RNA level and condom use, and, in HIV-1-uninfected partners, herpes simplex virus 2 infection, genital ulcers, Trichomonas vaginalis, vaginitis or cervicitis, and male circumcision.
Knowledge of factors that affect per-act infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is important for designing HIV-1 prevention interventions and for the mathematical modeling of the spread of HIV-1.BACKGROUNDKnowledge of factors that affect per-act infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is important for designing HIV-1 prevention interventions and for the mathematical modeling of the spread of HIV-1.We analyzed data from a prospective study of African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. We assessed transmissions for linkage within the study partnership, based on HIV-1 sequencing. The primary exposure measure was the HIV-1-seropositive partners' reports of number of sex acts and condom use with their study partner.METHODSWe analyzed data from a prospective study of African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples. We assessed transmissions for linkage within the study partnership, based on HIV-1 sequencing. The primary exposure measure was the HIV-1-seropositive partners' reports of number of sex acts and condom use with their study partner.Of 3297 couples experiencing 86 linked HIV-1 transmissions, the unadjusted per-act risks of unprotected male-to-female (MTF) and female-to-male (FTM) transmission were 0.0019 (95% confidence interval [CI], .0010-.0037) and 0.0010 (95% CI, .00060-.0017), respectively. After adjusting for plasma HIV-1 RNA of the HIV-1-infected partner and herpes simplex virus type 2 serostatus and age of the HIV-1-uninfected partner, we calculated the relative risk (RR) for MTF versus FTM transmission to be 1.03 (P = .93). Each log(10) increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA increased the per-act risk of transmission by 2.9-fold (95% CI, 2.2-3.8). Self-reported condom use reduced the per-act risk by 78% (RR = 0.22 [95% CI, .11-.42]).RESULTSOf 3297 couples experiencing 86 linked HIV-1 transmissions, the unadjusted per-act risks of unprotected male-to-female (MTF) and female-to-male (FTM) transmission were 0.0019 (95% confidence interval [CI], .0010-.0037) and 0.0010 (95% CI, .00060-.0017), respectively. After adjusting for plasma HIV-1 RNA of the HIV-1-infected partner and herpes simplex virus type 2 serostatus and age of the HIV-1-uninfected partner, we calculated the relative risk (RR) for MTF versus FTM transmission to be 1.03 (P = .93). Each log(10) increase in plasma HIV-1 RNA increased the per-act risk of transmission by 2.9-fold (95% CI, 2.2-3.8). Self-reported condom use reduced the per-act risk by 78% (RR = 0.22 [95% CI, .11-.42]).Modifiable risk factors for HIV-1 transmission were plasma HIV-1 RNA level and condom use, and, in HIV-1-uninfected partners, herpes simplex virus 2 infection, genital ulcers, Trichomonas vaginalis, vaginitis or cervicitis, and male circumcision.CONCLUSIONSModifiable risk factors for HIV-1 transmission were plasma HIV-1 RNA level and condom use, and, in HIV-1-uninfected partners, herpes simplex virus 2 infection, genital ulcers, Trichomonas vaginalis, vaginitis or cervicitis, and male circumcision.
Author Farquhar, Carey
Magaret, Amalia S
Celum, Connie
Kiarie, James
Lingappa, Jairam R
Kilembe, William
Baeten, Jared M
Inambao, Mubiana
de Bruyn, Guy
Hughes, James P
Wald, Anna
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  surname: Hughes
  fullname: Hughes, James P
  email: jphughes@u.washington.edu
  organization: Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle 98195-7232, USA. jphughes@u.washington.edu
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22241800$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Contributor Coetzee, David
Were, Edwin
Kapiga, Saidi
Cohen, Craig
Manongi, Rachel
Bukusi, Elizabeth
Fife, Kenneth
Allen, Susan
Inambao, Mubiana
Ronald, Allan
Kayitenkore, Kayitesi
Gray, Glenda
Karita, Etienne
Farquhar, Carey
Katabira, Elly
Makhema, Joseph
Kiarie, James
Delany-Moretlwe, Sinead
Rees, Helen
McIntyre, James
John-Stewart, Grace
Kanweka, William
Essex, Max
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References_xml – reference: 20537376 - Lancet. 2010 Jun 12;375(9731):2092-8
– reference: 11323041 - Lancet. 2001 Apr 14;357(9263):1149-53
– reference: 11756980 - J Infect Dis. 2002 Jan 1;185(1):45-52
– reference: 2085629 - Biometrics. 1990 Dec;46(4):1133-50
– reference: 19404392 - PLoS One. 2009;4(4):e5272
– reference: 19179227 - Lancet Infect Dis. 2009 Feb;9(2):118-29
– reference: 21399681 - PLoS One. 2011;6(3):e16986
– reference: 22241799 - J Infect Dis. 2012 Feb 1;205(3):351-2
– reference: 21272789 - Lancet Infect Dis. 2011 Feb;11(2):81
– reference: 8601226 - J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1996 Apr 1;11(4):388-95
– reference: 20089951 - N Engl J Med. 2010 Feb 4;362(5):427-39
– reference: 11869658 - Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(1):CD003255
– reference: 15809897 - J Infect Dis. 2005 May 1;191(9):1403-9
– reference: 18684670 - Lancet Infect Dis. 2008 Sep;8(9):553-63
– reference: 20153888 - Lancet. 2010 Mar 6;375(9717):824-33
– reference: 11461676 - AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2001 Jul 1;17(10):901-10
– reference: 21633287 - AIDS. 2011 Aug 24;25(13):1559-73
– reference: 9418153 - J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 1997 Jan-Jun;11(1-2):3-6
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Snippet Knowledge of factors that affect per-act infectivity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is important for designing HIV-1 prevention interventions...
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StartPage 358
SubjectTerms Adult
Africa
Condoms - utilization
Family Characteristics
Female
Genotype
HIV Infections - transmission
HIV Infections - virology
HIV-1 - classification
HIV-1 - genetics
HIV-1 - isolation & purification
Humans
Male
Prospective Studies
Risk Assessment
RNA, Viral - genetics
Sexual Behavior - statistics & numerical data
Viral Load
Title Determinants of per-coital-act HIV-1 infectivity among African HIV-1-serodiscordant couples
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22241800
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