Identification and Characterisation of a Myxoma Virus Detected in the Italian Hare (Lepus corsicanus)

Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a Leporipoxvirus (genus) belonging to the family Poxviridae; it is characterised by a genome of approximately 161 kb dsDNA encoding for several proteins that play an essential role in both host spectrum determination and immunomodulation. The healthy reservoir of the virus is...

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Veröffentlicht in:Viruses Jg. 16; H. 3; S. 437
Hauptverfasser: Rossini, Elisa, Bazzucchi, Moira, Trocchi, Valter, Merzoni, Francesca, Bertasio, Cristina, Knauf, Sascha, Lavazza, Antonio, Cavadini, Patrizia
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland MDPI AG 12.03.2024
MDPI
Schlagworte:
adults
Animals
diagnosis
Diseases
DNA
Electron microscopy
etiological agents
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genome
Genomes
genomics
Hares
Identification and classification
Immunomodulation
Infections
Italy - epidemiology
L. corsicanus
Lepus corsicanus
Lepus europaeus
Lymphatic system
Male
males
Microscopy
mortality
Myxoma
Myxoma virus
Myxoma virus - genetics
Myxomatosis
NGS
Oryctolagus cuniculus
Permissive cells
poxvirus
Rabbits
Sicily
Spain
Testing
Viruses
Viruses - genetics
Italy
United Kingdom > UK
United States > US
Europe
Sicily
Spain
diagnosis
poxvirus
myxomatosis
L. corsicanus
NGS
ISSN:1999-4915, 1999-4915
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Abstract Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a Leporipoxvirus (genus) belonging to the family Poxviridae; it is characterised by a genome of approximately 161 kb dsDNA encoding for several proteins that play an essential role in both host spectrum determination and immunomodulation. The healthy reservoir of the virus is Sylvilagus spp. At the same time, in wild and domestic European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), MYXV is the etiologic agent of myxomatosis, a disease with an extremely high mortality rate. In 2014, an interspecies jump of MYXV was reported in Lepus europaeus in the UK. In 2018, myxomatosis induced by a new recombinant strain called MYXV-To was identified during a large outbreak in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) in Spain. Here, we describe the case of myxomatosis in another hare species: an adult male Italian hare (Lepus corsicanus) found dead in 2018 in Sicily with lesions suggestive of myxomatosis and treponema infection. Laboratory tests, e.g., end-point PCR and negative staining electron microscopy, confirmed the presence of both pathogens. MYXV was then isolated from tissue samples in permissive cells and sequenced using NGS technology. Main genomic differences concerning known MYXV strains are discussed.
AbstractList Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a Leporipoxvirus (genus) belonging to the family Poxviridae; it is characterised by a genome of approximately 161 kb dsDNA encoding for several proteins that play an essential role in both host spectrum determination and immunomodulation. The healthy reservoir of the virus is Sylvilagus spp. At the same time, in wild and domestic European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), MYXV is the etiologic agent of myxomatosis, a disease with an extremely high mortality rate. In 2014, an interspecies jump of MYXV was reported in Lepus europaeus in the UK. In 2018, myxomatosis induced by a new recombinant strain called MYXV-To was identified during a large outbreak in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) in Spain. Here, we describe the case of myxomatosis in another hare species: an adult male Italian hare (Lepus corsicanus) found dead in 2018 in Sicily with lesions suggestive of myxomatosis and treponema infection. Laboratory tests, e.g., end-point PCR and negative staining electron microscopy, confirmed the presence of both pathogens. MYXV was then isolated from tissue samples in permissive cells and sequenced using NGS technology. Main genomic differences concerning known MYXV strains are discussed.
Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a Leporipoxvirus (genus) belonging to the family Poxviridae; it is characterised by a genome of approximately 161 kb dsDNA encoding for several proteins that play an essential role in both host spectrum determination and immunomodulation. The healthy reservoir of the virus is Sylvilagus spp. At the same time, in wild and domestic European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), MYXV is the etiologic agent of myxomatosis, a disease with an extremely high mortality rate. In 2014, an interspecies jump of MYXV was reported in Lepus europaeus in the UK. In 2018, myxomatosis induced by a new recombinant strain called MYXV-To was identified during a large outbreak in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) in Spain. Here, we describe the case of myxomatosis in another hare species: an adult male Italian hare (Lepus corsicanus) found dead in 2018 in Sicily with lesions suggestive of myxomatosis and treponema infection. Laboratory tests, e.g., end-point PCR and negative staining electron microscopy, confirmed the presence of both pathogens. MYXV was then isolated from tissue samples in permissive cells and sequenced using NGS technology. Main genomic differences concerning known MYXV strains are discussed.Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a Leporipoxvirus (genus) belonging to the family Poxviridae; it is characterised by a genome of approximately 161 kb dsDNA encoding for several proteins that play an essential role in both host spectrum determination and immunomodulation. The healthy reservoir of the virus is Sylvilagus spp. At the same time, in wild and domestic European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), MYXV is the etiologic agent of myxomatosis, a disease with an extremely high mortality rate. In 2014, an interspecies jump of MYXV was reported in Lepus europaeus in the UK. In 2018, myxomatosis induced by a new recombinant strain called MYXV-To was identified during a large outbreak in Iberian hares (Lepus granatensis) in Spain. Here, we describe the case of myxomatosis in another hare species: an adult male Italian hare (Lepus corsicanus) found dead in 2018 in Sicily with lesions suggestive of myxomatosis and treponema infection. Laboratory tests, e.g., end-point PCR and negative staining electron microscopy, confirmed the presence of both pathogens. MYXV was then isolated from tissue samples in permissive cells and sequenced using NGS technology. Main genomic differences concerning known MYXV strains are discussed.
Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a Leporipoxvirus (genus) belonging to the family Poxviridae; it is characterised by a genome of approximately 161 kb dsDNA encoding for several proteins that play an essential role in both host spectrum determination and immunomodulation. The healthy reservoir of the virus is spp. At the same time, in wild and domestic European rabbits ( ), MYXV is the etiologic agent of myxomatosis, a disease with an extremely high mortality rate. In 2014, an interspecies jump of MYXV was reported in in the UK. In 2018, myxomatosis induced by a new recombinant strain called MYXV-To was identified during a large outbreak in Iberian hares ( ) in Spain. Here, we describe the case of myxomatosis in another hare species: an adult male Italian hare ( ) found dead in 2018 in Sicily with lesions suggestive of myxomatosis and treponema infection. Laboratory tests, e.g., end-point PCR and negative staining electron microscopy, confirmed the presence of both pathogens. MYXV was then isolated from tissue samples in permissive cells and sequenced using NGS technology. Main genomic differences concerning known MYXV strains are discussed.
Audience Academic
Author Lavazza, Antonio
Merzoni, Francesca
Knauf, Sascha
Trocchi, Valter
Bertasio, Cristina
Rossini, Elisa
Cavadini, Patrizia
Bazzucchi, Moira
AuthorAffiliation 4 Institute of International Animal Health/One Health, Friedrich Loeffler Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany; sascha.knauf@fli.de
5 Professorship for One Health/International Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
2 WOAH Reference Laboratories for Myxomatosis and for RHD, Via Antonio Bianchi, 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
3 Federazione Italiana della Caccia (FIDC), Via Garigliano 57, 00198 Roma, Italy; valter.trocchi@fidc.it
1 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi, 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; elisa.rossini@izsler.it (E.R.); francesca.merzoni@izsler.it (F.M.); cristina.bertasio@izsler.it (C.B.); antonio.lavazza@izsler.it (A.L.); patrizia.cavadini@izsler.it (P.C.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 WOAH Reference Laboratories for Myxomatosis and for RHD, Via Antonio Bianchi, 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
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– name: 1 Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia Romagna “Bruno Ubertini” (IZSLER), Via Antonio Bianchi, 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy; elisa.rossini@izsler.it (E.R.); francesca.merzoni@izsler.it (F.M.); cristina.bertasio@izsler.it (C.B.); antonio.lavazza@izsler.it (A.L.); patrizia.cavadini@izsler.it (P.C.)
– name: 5 Professorship for One Health/International Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38543802$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rvsc_2025_105544
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Issue 3
Keywords diagnosis
poxvirus
myxomatosis
L. corsicanus
NGS
Language English
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Snippet Myxoma virus (MYXV) is a Leporipoxvirus (genus) belonging to the family Poxviridae; it is characterised by a genome of approximately 161 kb dsDNA encoding for...
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SubjectTerms adults
Animals
diagnosis
Diseases
DNA
Electron microscopy
etiological agents
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genome
Genomes
genomics
Hares
Identification and classification
Immunomodulation
Infections
Italy - epidemiology
L. corsicanus
Lepus corsicanus
Lepus europaeus
Lymphatic system
Male
males
Microscopy
mortality
Myxoma
Myxoma virus
Myxoma virus - genetics
Myxomatosis
NGS
Oryctolagus cuniculus
Permissive cells
poxvirus
Rabbits
Sicily
Spain
Testing
Viruses
Viruses - genetics
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Title Identification and Characterisation of a Myxoma Virus Detected in the Italian Hare (Lepus corsicanus)
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