The aryl hydrocarbon receptor: an environmental sensor integrating immune responses in health and disease

The environment, diet, microbiota and body's metabolism shape complex biological processes in health and disease. However, our understanding of the molecular pathways involved in these processes is still limited. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor tha...

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Vydáno v:Nature reviews. Immunology Ročník 19; číslo 3; s. 184 - 197
Hlavní autoři: Rothhammer, Veit, Quintana, Francisco J
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: England Nature Publishing Group 01.03.2019
Témata:
Adaptive Immunity - genetics
Adaptive Immunity - immunology
Animals
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System - genetics
Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System - immunology
Brain - immunology
Central nervous system
Diet
Environment
Gastrointestinal Microbiome - immunology
Gene Expression Regulation - immunology
Gut-brain axis
Humans
Hydrocarbons
Immune response
Immune system
Intestines - immunology
Ligands
Microbiota
Microbiota - immunology
Molecular Targeted Therapy
Neurological diseases
Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon - immunology
Signal Transduction
ISSN:1474-1733, 1474-1741, 1474-1741
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Shrnutí:The environment, diet, microbiota and body's metabolism shape complex biological processes in health and disease. However, our understanding of the molecular pathways involved in these processes is still limited. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that integrates environmental, dietary, microbial and metabolic cues to control complex transcriptional programmes in a ligand-specific, cell-type-specific and context-specific manner. In this Review, we summarize our current knowledge of AHR and the transcriptional programmes it controls in the immune system. Finally, we discuss the role of AHR in autoimmune and neoplastic diseases of the central nervous system, with a special focus on the gut immune system, the gut-brain axis and the therapeutic potential of targeting AHR in neurological disorders.
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ISSN:1474-1733
1474-1741
1474-1741
DOI:10.1038/s41577-019-0125-8