Sudden cardiac death and chronic kidney disease: From pathophysiology to treatment strategies

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients demonstrate higher rates of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity; and increased incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) with declining kidney failure. Coronary artery disease (CAD) associated risk factors are the major determinants of SCD in the general popula...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of cardiology Vol. 217; pp. 16 - 27
Main Authors: Di Lullo, L., Rivera, R., Barbera, V., Bellasi, A., Cozzolino, M., Russo, D., De Pascalis, A., Banerjee, D., Floccari, F., Ronco, C.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Netherlands Elsevier Ireland Ltd 15.08.2016
Subjects:
Cardiac arrhythmias
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular mortality
CKD
Coronary Artery Disease - complications
Death, Sudden, Cardiac - epidemiology
Disease Management
Humans
Renal Dialysis - adverse effects
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic - complications
Risk Factors
Secondary Prevention
Sudden cardiac death
Ventricular Fibrillation - complications
Cardiac arrhythmias
Sudden cardiac death
CKD
Cardiovascular mortality
ISSN:0167-5273, 1874-1754
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients demonstrate higher rates of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity; and increased incidence of sudden cardiac death (SCD) with declining kidney failure. Coronary artery disease (CAD) associated risk factors are the major determinants of SCD in the general population. However, current evidence suggests that in CKD patients, traditional cardiovascular risk factors may play a lesser role. Complex relationships between CKD-specific risk factors, structural heart disease, and ventricular arrhythmias (VA) contribute to the high risk of SCD. In dialysis patients, the occurrence of VA and SCD could be exacerbated by electrolyte shifts, divalent ion abnormalities, sympathetic overactivity, inflammation and iron toxicity. As outcomes in CKD patients after cardiac arrest are poor, primary and secondary prevention of SCD and cardiac arrest could reduce cardiovascular mortality in patients with CKD. •Epidemiology of sudden cardiac death in chronic kidney disease population•Risk factors of ckd – related sudden cardiac death•Pathophysiology of ckd – related sudden cardiac death•Treatment approaches in chronic kidney disease patients
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ISSN:0167-5273
1874-1754
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.04.170