Assessment of the Popularity and Perceived Effectiveness of Smartphone Tools That Track and Limit Smartphone Use: Survey Study and Machine Learning Analysis

We aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction may influence the use of these tools. First, we conducted a web-ba...

Celý popis

Uložené v:
Podrobná bibliografia
Vydané v:Journal of medical Internet research Ročník 24; číslo 10; s. e38963
Hlavní autori: Aboujaoude, Elias, Vera Cruz, Germano, Rochat, Lucien, Courtois, Robert, Ben Brahim, Farah, Khan, Riaz, Khazaal, Yasser
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Toronto Journal of Medical Internet Research 20.10.2022
Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor
JMIR Publications
Predmet:
ISSN:1438-8871, 1439-4456, 1438-8871
On-line prístup:Získať plný text
Tagy: Pridať tag
Žiadne tagy, Buďte prvý, kto otaguje tento záznam!
Abstract We aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction may influence the use of these tools. First, we conducted a web-based survey in a representative sample of 1989 US-based adults using the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Second, we used machine learning and other statistical tools to identify latent user classes; the association between latent class membership and demographic variables; and any predictors of latent class membership from covariates such as daily average smartphone use, social problems from smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and other psychiatric conditions. Smartphone tools that monitor and control smartphone use were popular among participants, including parents targeting their children; for example, over two-thirds of the participants used sleep-related tools. Among those who tried a tool, the highest rate of perceived effectiveness was 33.1% (58/175). Participants who experienced problematic smartphone use were more likely to be younger and more likely to be female. Finally, 3 latent user classes were uncovered: nonusers, effective users, and ineffective users. Android operating system users were more likely to be nonusers, whereas younger adults and females were more likely to be effective users. The presence of psychiatric symptoms did not discourage smartphone tool use. If proven effective, tools that monitor and control smartphone use are likely to be broadly embraced. Our results portend well for the acceptability of mobile interventions in the treatment of smartphone-related psychopathologies and, potentially, non–smartphone-related psychopathologies. Better tools, targeted marketing, and inclusive design, as well as formal efficacy trials, are required to realize their potential.
AbstractList Background Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of established treatments, smartphone-provided tools that monitor or control smartphone use have become increasingly popular, and their dissemination has largely occurred without oversight from the mental health field. Objective We aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction may influence the use of these tools. Methods First, we conducted a web-based survey in a representative sample of 1989 US-based adults using the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Second, we used machine learning and other statistical tools to identify latent user classes; the association between latent class membership and demographic variables; and any predictors of latent class membership from covariates such as daily average smartphone use, social problems from smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and other psychiatric conditions. Results Smartphone tools that monitor and control smartphone use were popular among participants, including parents targeting their children; for example, over two-thirds of the participants used sleep-related tools. Among those who tried a tool, the highest rate of perceived effectiveness was 33.1% (58/175). Participants who experienced problematic smartphone use were more likely to be younger and more likely to be female. Finally, 3 latent user classes were uncovered: nonusers, effective users, and ineffective users. Android operating system users were more likely to be nonusers, whereas younger adults and females were more likely to be effective users. The presence of psychiatric symptoms did not discourage smartphone tool use. Conclusions If proven effective, tools that monitor and control smartphone use are likely to be broadly embraced. Our results portend well for the acceptability of mobile interventions in the treatment of smartphone-related psychopathologies and, potentially, non–smartphone-related psychopathologies. Better tools, targeted marketing, and inclusive design, as well as formal efficacy trials, are required to realize their potential.
We aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction may influence the use of these tools. First, we conducted a web-based survey in a representative sample of 1989 US-based adults using the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Second, we used machine learning and other statistical tools to identify latent user classes; the association between latent class membership and demographic variables; and any predictors of latent class membership from covariates such as daily average smartphone use, social problems from smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and other psychiatric conditions. Smartphone tools that monitor and control smartphone use were popular among participants, including parents targeting their children; for example, over two-thirds of the participants used sleep-related tools. Among those who tried a tool, the highest rate of perceived effectiveness was 33.1% (58/175). Participants who experienced problematic smartphone use were more likely to be younger and more likely to be female. Finally, 3 latent user classes were uncovered: nonusers, effective users, and ineffective users. Android operating system users were more likely to be nonusers, whereas younger adults and females were more likely to be effective users. The presence of psychiatric symptoms did not discourage smartphone tool use. If proven effective, tools that monitor and control smartphone use are likely to be broadly embraced. Our results portend well for the acceptability of mobile interventions in the treatment of smartphone-related psychopathologies and, potentially, non–smartphone-related psychopathologies. Better tools, targeted marketing, and inclusive design, as well as formal efficacy trials, are required to realize their potential.
Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of established treatments, smartphone-provided tools that monitor or control smartphone use have become increasingly popular, and their dissemination has largely occurred without oversight from the mental health field.BACKGROUNDProblematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of established treatments, smartphone-provided tools that monitor or control smartphone use have become increasingly popular, and their dissemination has largely occurred without oversight from the mental health field.We aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction may influence the use of these tools.OBJECTIVEWe aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction may influence the use of these tools.First, we conducted a web-based survey in a representative sample of 1989 US-based adults using the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Second, we used machine learning and other statistical tools to identify latent user classes; the association between latent class membership and demographic variables; and any predictors of latent class membership from covariates such as daily average smartphone use, social problems from smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and other psychiatric conditions.METHODSFirst, we conducted a web-based survey in a representative sample of 1989 US-based adults using the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Second, we used machine learning and other statistical tools to identify latent user classes; the association between latent class membership and demographic variables; and any predictors of latent class membership from covariates such as daily average smartphone use, social problems from smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and other psychiatric conditions.Smartphone tools that monitor and control smartphone use were popular among participants, including parents targeting their children; for example, over two-thirds of the participants used sleep-related tools. Among those who tried a tool, the highest rate of perceived effectiveness was 33.1% (58/175). Participants who experienced problematic smartphone use were more likely to be younger and more likely to be female. Finally, 3 latent user classes were uncovered: nonusers, effective users, and ineffective users. Android operating system users were more likely to be nonusers, whereas younger adults and females were more likely to be effective users. The presence of psychiatric symptoms did not discourage smartphone tool use.RESULTSSmartphone tools that monitor and control smartphone use were popular among participants, including parents targeting their children; for example, over two-thirds of the participants used sleep-related tools. Among those who tried a tool, the highest rate of perceived effectiveness was 33.1% (58/175). Participants who experienced problematic smartphone use were more likely to be younger and more likely to be female. Finally, 3 latent user classes were uncovered: nonusers, effective users, and ineffective users. Android operating system users were more likely to be nonusers, whereas younger adults and females were more likely to be effective users. The presence of psychiatric symptoms did not discourage smartphone tool use.If proven effective, tools that monitor and control smartphone use are likely to be broadly embraced. Our results portend well for the acceptability of mobile interventions in the treatment of smartphone-related psychopathologies and, potentially, non-smartphone-related psychopathologies. Better tools, targeted marketing, and inclusive design, as well as formal efficacy trials, are required to realize their potential.CONCLUSIONSIf proven effective, tools that monitor and control smartphone use are likely to be broadly embraced. Our results portend well for the acceptability of mobile interventions in the treatment of smartphone-related psychopathologies and, potentially, non-smartphone-related psychopathologies. Better tools, targeted marketing, and inclusive design, as well as formal efficacy trials, are required to realize their potential.
BackgroundProblematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of established treatments, smartphone-provided tools that monitor or control smartphone use have become increasingly popular, and their dissemination has largely occurred without oversight from the mental health field. ObjectiveWe aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of variables related to mental health, smartphone use, and smartphone addiction may influence the use of these tools. MethodsFirst, we conducted a web-based survey in a representative sample of 1989 US-based adults using the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Second, we used machine learning and other statistical tools to identify latent user classes; the association between latent class membership and demographic variables; and any predictors of latent class membership from covariates such as daily average smartphone use, social problems from smartphone use, smartphone addiction, and other psychiatric conditions. ResultsSmartphone tools that monitor and control smartphone use were popular among participants, including parents targeting their children; for example, over two-thirds of the participants used sleep-related tools. Among those who tried a tool, the highest rate of perceived effectiveness was 33.1% (58/175). Participants who experienced problematic smartphone use were more likely to be younger and more likely to be female. Finally, 3 latent user classes were uncovered: nonusers, effective users, and ineffective users. Android operating system users were more likely to be nonusers, whereas younger adults and females were more likely to be effective users. The presence of psychiatric symptoms did not discourage smartphone tool use. ConclusionsIf proven effective, tools that monitor and control smartphone use are likely to be broadly embraced. Our results portend well for the acceptability of mobile interventions in the treatment of smartphone-related psychopathologies and, potentially, non–smartphone-related psychopathologies. Better tools, targeted marketing, and inclusive design, as well as formal efficacy trials, are required to realize their potential.
Audience Academic
Author Khan, Riaz
Vera Cruz, Germano
Rochat, Lucien
Aboujaoude, Elias
Courtois, Robert
Ben Brahim, Farah
Khazaal, Yasser
AuthorAffiliation 3 Addiction Division, Department of Psychiatry University Hospitals of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
4 Department of Psychology Tours University Tours France
5 Addiction Psychiatry Foederatio Medicorum Helveticorum Geneva Switzerland
1 Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford, CA United States
6 Lausanne University Lausanne Switzerland
2 Department of Psychology University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 4 Department of Psychology Tours University Tours France
– name: 6 Lausanne University Lausanne Switzerland
– name: 2 Department of Psychology University of Picardie Jules Verne Amiens France
– name: 5 Addiction Psychiatry Foederatio Medicorum Helveticorum Geneva Switzerland
– name: 1 Stanford University School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford, CA United States
– name: 3 Addiction Division, Department of Psychiatry University Hospitals of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Elias
  orcidid: 0000-0003-1216-8313
  surname: Aboujaoude
  fullname: Aboujaoude, Elias
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Germano
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8297-6933
  surname: Vera Cruz
  fullname: Vera Cruz, Germano
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Lucien
  orcidid: 0000-0002-9992-2720
  surname: Rochat
  fullname: Rochat, Lucien
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Robert
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3557-5264
  surname: Courtois
  fullname: Courtois, Robert
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Farah
  orcidid: 0000-0002-0269-0848
  surname: Ben Brahim
  fullname: Ben Brahim, Farah
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Riaz
  orcidid: 0000-0002-4520-7465
  surname: Khan
  fullname: Khan, Riaz
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Yasser
  orcidid: 0000-0002-8549-6599
  surname: Khazaal
  fullname: Khazaal, Yasser
BackLink https://u-picardie.hal.science/hal-03832986$$DView record in HAL
BookMark eNptkl1v0zAUhiM0xD7Yf7CEkJhQhz8SJ-ECqZoGq1RgUrtry3GOG5ckLrZT0f_Cj8Vph1gn5Atbx8_7nuNzfJ6c9LaHJLkk-JqSkn9gRcnZi-SMpKyYFEVOTp6cT5Nz79cYU5yW5FVyyjjlKaf5WfJ76j1430EfkNUoNIDu7WZopTNhh2Rfo3twCswWanSrNagQj31UjPSiky5smlgIWlrberRsZEBLJ9WPvXRuOhOeUg8ePqLF4LawQ4sw1IcMX6VqTLydg3S96Vdo2st2541_nbzUsvVw-bhfJA-fb5c3d5P59y-zm-l8ojJehgnHVZXJXNYkrasirwihWNWQkyLlBVNlLjNGi1yyjEOdMalknuYlaNCEV7Ss2UUyO_jWVq7FxplY8U5YacQ-YN1KxCcY1YLAJCVKRa8yg7TStMK6qBStCy5TqYmOXp8OXpuh6qBWsbFOtkemxze9acTKbkUcX5pRHA2uDgbNM9nddC7GGGYFo2XBtySy7x6TOftzAB9EZ7yCtpU92MELmlNe0jhtGtE3z9C1HVxs9EgxnLIMM_yPWsn4WNNrG2tUo6mY5pxFsxxnkbr-DxVXDZ1RcdDaxPiR4OpIEJkAv8JKDt6L2eLbMfv-wCpnvXeghTJBBmPHdplWECzGDy_2Hz7Sb5_Rf1t2zP0BAsP97g
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_3389_fpsyg_2025_1578457
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00296_023_05518_9
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_abrep_2024_100542
crossref_primary_10_7202_1114408ar
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_addbeh_2024_108228
crossref_primary_10_2196_63431
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_invent_2025_100863
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41390_024_03243_y
crossref_primary_10_2196_42541
crossref_primary_10_5498_wjp_v13_i6_361
Cites_doi 10.1007/s11469-017-9787-2
10.1080/01488370802678983
10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00278.x
10.5498/wjp.v6.i1.143
10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.12.009
10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112822
10.1016/j.tele.2011.11.001
10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.08.011
10.4088/jcp.v69n0316
10.1023/A:1010933404324
10.1017/S109285291800127X
10.2114/jpa2.25.377
10.1016/j.jesp.2017.01.006
10.4065/83.2.226
10.9734/jsrr/2015/12245
10.1017/CBO9780511499531
10.1016/j.chb.2010.08.011
10.1177/0095798420930932
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright COPYRIGHT 2022 Journal of Medical Internet Research
2022. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Elias Aboujaoude, Germano Vera Cruz, Lucien Rochat, Robert Courtois, Farah Ben Brahim, Riaz Khan, Yasser Khazaal. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 20.10.2022.
Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Elias Aboujaoude, Germano Vera Cruz, Lucien Rochat, Robert Courtois, Farah Ben Brahim, Riaz Khan, Yasser Khazaal. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 20.10.2022. 2022
Copyright_xml – notice: COPYRIGHT 2022 Journal of Medical Internet Research
– notice: 2022. This work is licensed under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
– notice: Elias Aboujaoude, Germano Vera Cruz, Lucien Rochat, Robert Courtois, Farah Ben Brahim, Riaz Khan, Yasser Khazaal. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 20.10.2022.
– notice: Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
– notice: Elias Aboujaoude, Germano Vera Cruz, Lucien Rochat, Robert Courtois, Farah Ben Brahim, Riaz Khan, Yasser Khazaal. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (https://www.jmir.org), 20.10.2022. 2022
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
ISN
3V.
7QJ
7RV
7X7
7XB
8FI
8FJ
8FK
ABUWG
AFKRA
ALSLI
AZQEC
BENPR
CCPQU
CNYFK
COVID
DWQXO
E3H
F2A
FYUFA
GHDGH
K9.
KB0
M0S
M1O
NAPCQ
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PJZUB
PKEHL
PPXIY
PQEST
PQQKQ
PQUKI
PRINS
PRQQA
7X8
1XC
5PM
DOA
DOI 10.2196/38963
DatabaseName CrossRef
Gale In Context: Canada
ProQuest Central (Corporate)
Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts (ASSIA)
Nursing & allied health premium.
Health & Medical Collection
ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)
Hospital Premium Collection
Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
ProQuest Central UK/Ireland
Social Science Premium Collection
ProQuest Central Essentials
AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central
ProQuest One Community College
Library & information science collection.
Coronavirus Research Database
ProQuest Central Korea
Library & Information Sciences Abstracts (LISA)
Library & Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
Health Research Premium Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)
Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)
Library Science Database
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
ProQuest Central Premium
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest Publicly Available Content
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)
ProQuest One Academic (retired)
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest One Social Sciences
MEDLINE - Academic
Hyper Article en Ligne (HAL)
PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)
Open Access: DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
Publicly Available Content Database
ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New)
Library and Information Science Abstracts (LISA)
ProQuest Central Essentials
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)
ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest One Community College
ProQuest One Health & Nursing
Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA)
ProQuest Central China
ProQuest Central
ProQuest Library Science
ProQuest Health & Medical Research Collection
Health Research Premium Collection
Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition)
ProQuest Central Korea
Library & Information Science Collection
ProQuest Central (New)
Social Science Premium Collection
ProQuest One Social Sciences
ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition
Coronavirus Research Database
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source
ProQuest Hospital Collection
Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)
ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni)
Nursing & Allied Health Premium
ProQuest Health & Medical Complete
ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition
ProQuest Nursing & Allied Health Source (Alumni)
ProQuest One Academic
ProQuest One Academic (New)
ProQuest Central (Alumni)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
Publicly Available Content Database


MEDLINE - Academic


Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: DOA
  name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  url: https://www.doaj.org/
  sourceTypes: Open Website
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 7RV
  name: Nursing & Allied Health Database
  url: https://search.proquest.com/nahs
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
Library & Information Science
EISSN 1438-8871
ExternalDocumentID oai_doaj_org_article_0141cc7a395e4bf2b0f8bc2d86a4af1f
PMC9634520
oai:HAL:hal-03832986v1
A763692705
10_2196_38963
GeographicLocations United States--US
GeographicLocations_xml – name: United States--US
GroupedDBID ---
.4I
.DC
29L
2WC
36B
53G
5GY
5VS
77I
77K
7RV
7X7
8FI
8FJ
AAFWJ
AAKPC
AAWTL
AAYXX
ABDBF
ABIVO
ABUWG
ACGFO
ADBBV
AEGXH
AENEX
AFFHD
AFKRA
AFPKN
AIAGR
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
ALSLI
AOIJS
BAWUL
BCNDV
BENPR
CCPQU
CITATION
CNYFK
CS3
DIK
DU5
DWQXO
E3Z
EAP
EBD
EBS
EJD
ELW
EMB
EMOBN
ESX
F5P
FRP
FYUFA
GROUPED_DOAJ
GX1
HMCUK
HYE
IAO
ICO
IEA
IHR
INH
ISN
ITC
KQ8
M1O
M48
NAPCQ
OK1
OVT
P2P
PGMZT
PHGZM
PHGZT
PIMPY
PPXIY
PQQKQ
PRQQA
RNS
RPM
SJN
SV3
TR2
UKHRP
XSB
3V.
7QJ
7XB
8FK
AZQEC
COVID
E3H
F2A
K9.
PJZUB
PKEHL
PQEST
PQUKI
PRINS
7X8
PUEGO
1XC
ADRAZ
C1A
O5R
O5S
WOQ
5PM
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c569t-60bb5a7ad14db87b1120cde7184683c97a53287a356ed53aca7479efef16b29d3
IEDL.DBID BENPR
ISICitedReferencesCount 12
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000896721600002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 1438-8871
1439-4456
IngestDate Fri Oct 03 12:43:50 EDT 2025
Tue Nov 04 02:11:59 EST 2025
Wed Oct 29 08:33:20 EDT 2025
Fri Sep 05 07:03:38 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 08 18:59:27 EST 2025
Tue Nov 11 11:11:07 EST 2025
Tue Nov 04 18:38:33 EST 2025
Thu Nov 13 16:23:12 EST 2025
Sat Nov 29 03:22:43 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 21:50:02 EST 2025
IsDoiOpenAccess true
IsOpenAccess true
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 10
Keywords Crowdsourcing
telemedicine
smartphone addiction
Humans
Internet Addiction Disorder
Male
internet gaming disorder
internet addiction
smartphone tools
Machine Learning
telepsychiatry
mobile phone
digital mental health interventions
Adult
Female
Surveys and Questionnaires
Smartphone
Child
social media
Language English
License Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
LinkModel DirectLink
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c569t-60bb5a7ad14db87b1120cde7184683c97a53287a356ed53aca7479efef16b29d3
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
content type line 23
ORCID 0000-0002-3557-5264
0000-0002-0269-0848
0000-0002-8549-6599
0000-0003-1216-8313
0000-0002-9992-2720
0000-0002-4520-7465
0000-0002-8297-6933
OpenAccessLink https://www.proquest.com/docview/2730435030?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication%
PMID 36264627
PQID 2730435030
PQPubID 2033121
ParticipantIDs doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_0141cc7a395e4bf2b0f8bc2d86a4af1f
pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_9634520
hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_03832986v1
proquest_miscellaneous_2726923622
proquest_journals_2730435030
gale_infotracmisc_A763692705
gale_infotracacademiconefile_A763692705
gale_incontextgauss_ISN_A763692705
crossref_citationtrail_10_2196_38963
crossref_primary_10_2196_38963
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2022-10-20
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2022-10-20
PublicationDate_xml – month: 10
  year: 2022
  text: 2022-10-20
  day: 20
PublicationDecade 2020
PublicationPlace Toronto
PublicationPlace_xml – name: Toronto
– name: Toronto, Canada
PublicationTitle Journal of medical Internet research
PublicationYear 2022
Publisher Journal of Medical Internet Research
Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor
JMIR Publications
Publisher_xml – name: Journal of Medical Internet Research
– name: Gunther Eysenbach MD MPH, Associate Professor
– name: JMIR Publications
References ref13
ref12
ref15
ref11
ref10
Chóliz, M (ref21) 2012; 2
ref1
ref16
ref19
ref18
Hagenaars, JA (ref14) 2002
ref24
Field, A (ref17) 2018
ref23
ref26
ref20
ref22
ref27
(ref2) 2013
ref8
ref7
ref9
ref4
ref3
ref6
ref5
Pawlowska, B (ref25) 2011; 12
References_xml – ident: ref11
  doi: 10.1007/s11469-017-9787-2
– ident: ref18
  doi: 10.1080/01488370802678983
– ident: ref1
– ident: ref3
  doi: 10.1002/j.2051-5545.2010.tb00278.x
– ident: ref7
  doi: 10.5498/wjp.v6.i1.143
– ident: ref27
  doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.12.009
– ident: ref12
  doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112822
– ident: ref24
  doi: 10.1016/j.tele.2011.11.001
– volume: 12
  start-page: 433
  issue: 4
  year: 2011
  ident: ref25
  publication-title: Curr Probl Psychiatry
– volume: 2
  start-page: 33
  issue: 1
  year: 2012
  ident: ref21
  publication-title: Prog Health Sc
– year: 2013
  ident: ref2
  publication-title: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). 5th edition
– ident: ref6
  doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.08.011
– ident: ref4
  doi: 10.4088/jcp.v69n0316
– ident: ref9
– ident: ref19
– ident: ref16
  doi: 10.1023/A:1010933404324
– ident: ref8
  doi: 10.1017/S109285291800127X
– ident: ref13
– ident: ref22
  doi: 10.2114/jpa2.25.377
– year: 2018
  ident: ref17
  publication-title: Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics. 5th edition
– ident: ref10
  doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2017.01.006
– ident: ref5
  doi: 10.4065/83.2.226
– ident: ref20
  doi: 10.9734/jsrr/2015/12245
– ident: ref26
– year: 2002
  ident: ref14
  publication-title: Applied Latent Class Analysis
  doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511499531
– ident: ref23
  doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2010.08.011
– ident: ref15
  doi: 10.1177/0095798420930932
SSID ssj0020491
Score 2.4332564
Snippet We aimed to assess the popularity and perceived effectiveness of smartphone tools that track and limit smartphone use. We also aimed to explore how a set of...
Background Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of...
Background: Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of...
Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of established...
BACKGROUND: Problematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of...
BackgroundProblematic smartphone use, like problematic internet use, is a condition for which treatment is being sought on the web. In the absence of...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
hal
proquest
gale
crossref
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Enrichment Source
Index Database
StartPage e38963
SubjectTerms Acceptability
Addictions
Addictive behaviors
Adults
Age
Averages
Behavior
Crowdsourcing
Dissemination
Drug use
Effectiveness
Efficacy
Females
Health status
Human health and pathology
Internet
Intervention
Life Sciences
Machine learning
Marketing
Membership
Mental disorders
Mental health
Operating systems
Original Paper
Parent-child relations
Polls & surveys
Popularity
Psychiatric symptoms
Psychology, Pathological
Psychotherapy
Questionnaires
Sleep
Smart phones
Smartphones
Social problems
Sociodemographics
Surveys
Telemedicine
Treatment methods
Variables
Young adults
SummonAdditionalLinks – databaseName: Open Access: DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals
  dbid: DOA
  link: http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1db9MwFLVgQhMSQjBABLbJTBM8RUuc-CO8FcQ0pK2q1A7tLfJX1omRoKatxH_hx3Jv4lYNL7zwGt_Grn1973F7fC4hpyrTruCmiJmTHEuYydh4WcVF4j2gbadU99PFt0s5Hqubm2KyU-oLOWG9PHA_cWdIRLRW6qzgPjcVM0mljGVOCZ3rKq0w-gLq2RymwlELcG-6T54g0Rlc7AyyssgGmacT6N-G4YdzZEHuQMwhQXIn45w_I08DVKSjfojPyQNfH5CjcNGAvqfhJhHOLA1b9IDsX4U_y1-Q36Ot6iZtKgpIj066cl1Yr47q2tEJslog3DnaixiHyIfW0x8wNchb93TWNPctnc31kkJms9-7j3YXo3atrlv_kU5Xi7X_RZGc2Pdw1XE1PQ0yrrd0I4Lyklyff5l9vohDMYbYclEsY5EYw7XULs2dUdIATkus85DacqEyW0jNMzh96YwL73imrYaDSuErX6XCsMJlr8heDcN5Tai2TMpKee4gN-ZKKFtpbjOTCquMsS4ip5uFKm1QKseCGfclnFhwPctuPSNyvDX72Utz_G3wCVd524hK2t0D8K8y-Ff5L_-KyAn6SIlaGTWScW71qm3Lr9NxOYLYLAomEx6RD8GoamCkVoe7DfB9UV5rYHk4sITNbAfNJ-CKgxFfjC5LfJZkEHwLJdYpvGPjqWWIOG0JMDQB6AsxOyLvts34emTR1b5ZoQ2DbgCysIjIgYcPehy21HfzTnUcJjTnLHnzPyb1LXnM8BoJYACWHJK95WLlj8gju17etYvjbiv_ATznUu0
  priority: 102
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
Title Assessment of the Popularity and Perceived Effectiveness of Smartphone Tools That Track and Limit Smartphone Use: Survey Study and Machine Learning Analysis
URI https://www.proquest.com/docview/2730435030
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2726923622
https://u-picardie.hal.science/hal-03832986
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9634520
https://doaj.org/article/0141cc7a395e4bf2b0f8bc2d86a4af1f
Volume 24
WOSCitedRecordID wos000896721600002&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVAON
  databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1438-8871
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020491
  issn: 1438-8871
  databaseCode: DOA
  dateStart: 19990101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.doaj.org/
  providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Health & Medical Collection
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1438-8871
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020491
  issn: 1438-8871
  databaseCode: 7X7
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/healthcomplete
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Library Science Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1438-8871
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020491
  issn: 1438-8871
  databaseCode: M1O
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/libraryscience
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Nursing & Allied Health Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1438-8871
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020491
  issn: 1438-8871
  databaseCode: 7RV
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://search.proquest.com/nahs
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: ProQuest Central - New (Subscription)
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1438-8871
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020491
  issn: 1438-8871
  databaseCode: BENPR
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.proquest.com/central
  providerName: ProQuest
– providerCode: PRVPQU
  databaseName: Publicly Available Content Database
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1438-8871
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0020491
  issn: 1438-8871
  databaseCode: PIMPY
  dateStart: 20010101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: http://search.proquest.com/publiccontent
  providerName: ProQuest
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwpV3db9MwELdohyYkxMcAEdgqM03wFC3fdnhBHdq0SWuJ1m4qT5G_0k6MZjRtJf4X_ljuUrc0PPDCix_sS-wkP9-dnfPvCDniodBpLFM30CzGFGbMlYYVbuoZA9625rzeuri5ZP0-H43SzG64VTascq0Ta0WtS4V75MdgZj0w7YDJT_c_XMwahX9XbQqNFtlBprKoTXZOTvvZ1WbJBf6vv0seY8AzQO0YrHMSNixQTdS_UcetCUZDbrmazUDJLctz9vR_x_yMPLE-J-2uQPKcPDDTPXJgTyzQ99QeScJPRO1c3yO7PfvX_QX51d3Qd9KyoOAy0qzO-4WJ76iYappheAzoTU1XbMhWhaL04DuAEwPgDR2W5V1FhxMxp2Ai1bf60vqE1bbUdWU-0sFitjQ_KUY5rnro1UGfhlo-2DFds6m8JNdnp8PP567N6uCqOEnnbuJJGQsmtB9pyZkEh89T2oCNjBIeqpSJOIRlnAjjxOg4FErAiic1hSn8RAapDl-R9hSG85pQoQLGCm5iDUY24glXhYhVKP1EcSmVdsjR-kvnylKeY-aNuxyWPgiIvAaEQzobsfsVx8ffAicIk00jUnLXFeVsnNsZnmPErFIw7jQ2kSwC6RVcqkDzRESi8AuHHCLIciTdmGJUz1gsqiq_GPTzLij5JA2YFzvkgxUqShipEvaQBDwv8nQ1JPcbkqAVVKP5ELDcGPF59zLHOi8ELZ7yZOnDPda4za3qqvI_oHXIu00z3h7D8aamXKBMAN2A7xM4hDWmSKPHZsv0dlLTl8MLjeLAe_Pvzt-SRwGeNAE3IfD2SXs-W5gD8lAt57fVrENa7OoGyxGrS96xM79Tb6pA2fO_QF120cu-_gZWoWdw
linkProvider ProQuest
linkToHtml http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9NAEF61BRUkxKOACLRlqQqcrNrr1xoJofCoEjWJIppWvZl9OakodomToP4XfgO_kRlnE2IO3Hrg6p3sbjbz-Nb5ZoaQfe4LnYQycZiOQ2xhFjvSxJmTuMYA2tacV68uTjtxr8fPzpL-Gvm1yIVBWuXCJ1aOWhcK35EfQJh1IbSDTr67_O5g1yj8d3XRQmOuFkfm6gdc2cq37Y_w-75k7PDT4EPLsV0FHBVGycSJXClDEQvtBVryWALgcJU24KODiPsqiUXowzVC-GFkdOgLJQBxJyYzmRdJlmgf5l0nN8CPe0ghiz-fLi94gLa9TXIH6dWg2AeABSK_Fu-qtgBL578-Qu7lCrCt0zJX4tzhvf_thO6TuxZR0-bcBB6QNZNvkR2bj0FfUZtwhQpIrSfbIptdyyl4SH42l8VJaZFRAMS0X3U1w7Z-VOSa9pH8A1FB03mtZxsgUPr4G5ge0vsNHRTFRUkHIzGhAADU1-qjVf7YqtRJad7Q4-l4Zq4ocjjnK3QrSquhttrtkC5qxTwiJ9dydo_JRg7beUKoUCyOM25CDRAi4BFXmQiVL71IcSmVbpD9hWalyhZ0x74iFylc7FAB00oBG2R3KXY5r2Dyt8B7VMvlIBYcrx4U42Fq_VeKfGClYN9JaAKZMelmXCqmeSQCkXlZg-yhUqdYUiRHztJQTMsybR_30iaEsChhsRs2yGsrlBWwUyVsCgh8X6xCVpPcrkmCz1O14T2wndqOW81Ois9cH2JUwqOZB3Ms7CS1jrlM_xhJg7xYDuP0SDbMTTFFGQbLALJjDRLXTLK2Yn0kPx9VxdnhQIOQuU__vfhzcqs16HbSTrt39IzcZphTA4CIudtkYzKemh1yU80m5-V4t_IwlHy5boP9DY6svSk
linkToPdf http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMw1V1Lb9NAEF71gSokxKOACLRlqQqcrDjr1xoJoUCJGjWJIiVF5WT25aSixCVOgvpf-CX8OmacdYg5cOuB6-7Eu9nM41vnmxlCjrgndBzI2GE6CrCFWeRIE6VO7BoDaFtzXry6-NSJej1-fh73N8ivMhcGaZWlTywctc4UviOvQ5h1IbSDTtZTS4voH7feXX13sIMU_tNattNYqsipuf4B17f8bfsYfuuXjLU-Dj-cOLbDgKOCMJ45oStlICKhG76WPJIAPlylDfhrP-SeiiMReHClEF4QGh14QglA37FJTdoIJYu1B8_dJNsw6IONbffb3f7n1XUPsHdjh9xBsjWoeR2QQehVol_RJGAVCjbHyMRcg7lVkuZa1Gvd-5_P6z65a7E2bS6N4wHZMJNdsm8zNegralOxUDWp9XG7ZKdr2QYPyc_mqmwpzVIKUJn2i35n2PCPiommfaQFQbzQdFkF2oYOlB58A6NE4r-hwyy7zOlwLGYUoIH6Wny0yCxblzrLzRs6mE8X5poiu3O5Qrcguxpq6-COaFlF5hE5u5Gze0y2JrCdJ4QKxaIo5SbQAC58HnKVikB5shEqLqXSNXJUalmibKl37DhymcCVD5UxKZSxRg5WYlfL2iZ_C7xHFV1NYinyYiCbjhLr2RJkCisF-44D48uUSTflUjHNQ-GLtJHWyCEqeILFRiaohiMxz_OkPeglTQhuYcwiN6iR11YozWCnStjkEPi-WJ-sIrlXkQRvqCrTh2BHlR2fNDsJjrkeRK-Yh4sGPKO0mcS67Dz5YzA18mI1jY9HGuLEZHOUYbAMYD5WI1HFPCsrVmcmF-OibDscqB8w9-m_F39OdsBOk067d_qM3GaYbANIibl7ZGs2nZt9ckstZhf59MC6G0q-3LTF_gaFUsdM
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+Popularity+and+Perceived+Effectiveness+of+Smartphone+Tools+That+Track+and+Limit+Smartphone+Use%3A+Survey+Study+and+Machine+Learning+Analysis&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+medical+Internet+research&rft.au=Aboujaoude%2C+Elias&rft.au=Vera+Cruz%2C+Germano&rft.au=Rochat%2C+Lucien&rft.au=Courtois%2C+Robert&rft.date=2022-10-20&rft.issn=1438-8871&rft.eissn=1438-8871&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=e38963&rft_id=info:doi/10.2196%2F38963&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_2196_38963
thumbnail_l http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1438-8871&client=summon
thumbnail_m http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1438-8871&client=summon
thumbnail_s http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1438-8871&client=summon