Evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises

Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing. However, little is known about the breadth and quality of evidence on health interventions in humanitarian crises. We describe the findings of a...

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Vydané v:The Lancet (British edition) Ročník 390; číslo 10109; s. 2287 - 2296
Hlavní autori: Blanchet, Karl, Ramesh, Anita, Frison, Severine, Warren, Emily, Hossain, Mazeda, Smith, James, Knight, Abigail, Post, Nathan, Lewis, Christopher, Woodward, Aniek, Dahab, Maysoon, Ruby, Alexander, Sistenich, Vera, Pantuliano, Sara, Roberts, Bayard
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: England Elsevier Ltd 18.11.2017
Elsevier Limited
Predmet:
Causation
Child soldiers
Clinical decision making
Crises
Decision making
Emergencies
Evidence-Based Practice - methods
Female
Health promotion
Humanitarian aid
Humans
Hygiene
Internal Medicine
Male
Mortality
Nutrition
Program Development
Program Evaluation
Public Health
Relief Work - organization & administration
Sanitation
Systematic review
Vulnerable Populations - statistics & numerical data
ISSN:0140-6736, 1474-547X, 1474-547X
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Shrnutí:Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing. However, little is known about the breadth and quality of evidence on health interventions in humanitarian crises. We describe the findings of a systematic review with the aim of examining the quantity and quality of evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises to identify key research gaps. We identified 345 studies published between 1980 and 2014 that met our inclusion criteria. The quantity of evidence varied substantially by health topic, from communicable diseases (n=131), nutrition (n=77), to non-communicable diseases (n=8), and water, sanitation, and hygiene (n=6). We observed common study design and weaknesses in the methods, which substantially reduced the ability to determine causation and attribution of the interventions. Considering the major increase in health-related humanitarian activities in the past three decades and calls for a stronger evidence base, this paper highlights the limited quantity and quality of health intervention research in humanitarian contexts and supports calls to scale up this research.
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ISSN:0140-6736
1474-547X
1474-547X
DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30768-1