Evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises

Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing. However, little is known about the breadth and quality of evidence on health interventions in humanitarian crises. We describe the findings of a...

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Veröffentlicht in:The Lancet (British edition) Jg. 390; H. 10109; S. 2287 - 2296
Hauptverfasser: Blanchet, Karl, Ramesh, Anita, Frison, Severine, Warren, Emily, Hossain, Mazeda, Smith, James, Knight, Abigail, Post, Nathan, Lewis, Christopher, Woodward, Aniek, Dahab, Maysoon, Ruby, Alexander, Sistenich, Vera, Pantuliano, Sara, Roberts, Bayard
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: England Elsevier Ltd 18.11.2017
Elsevier Limited
Schlagworte:
Causation
Child soldiers
Clinical decision making
Crises
Decision making
Emergencies
Evidence-Based Practice - methods
Female
Health promotion
Humanitarian aid
Humans
Hygiene
Internal Medicine
Male
Mortality
Nutrition
Program Development
Program Evaluation
Public Health
Relief Work - organization & administration
Sanitation
Systematic review
Vulnerable Populations - statistics & numerical data
ISSN:0140-6736, 1474-547X, 1474-547X
Online-Zugang:Volltext
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Abstract Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing. However, little is known about the breadth and quality of evidence on health interventions in humanitarian crises. We describe the findings of a systematic review with the aim of examining the quantity and quality of evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises to identify key research gaps. We identified 345 studies published between 1980 and 2014 that met our inclusion criteria. The quantity of evidence varied substantially by health topic, from communicable diseases (n=131), nutrition (n=77), to non-communicable diseases (n=8), and water, sanitation, and hygiene (n=6). We observed common study design and weaknesses in the methods, which substantially reduced the ability to determine causation and attribution of the interventions. Considering the major increase in health-related humanitarian activities in the past three decades and calls for a stronger evidence base, this paper highlights the limited quantity and quality of health intervention research in humanitarian contexts and supports calls to scale up this research.
AbstractList Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing. However, little is known about the breadth and quality of evidence on health interventions in humanitarian crises. We describe the findings of a systematic review with the aim of examining the quantity and quality of evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises to identify key research gaps. We identified 345 studies published between 1980 and 2014 that met our inclusion criteria. The quantity of evidence varied substantially by health topic, from communicable diseases (n=131), nutrition (n=77), to non-communicable diseases (n=8), and water, sanitation, and hygiene (n=6). We observed common study design and weaknesses in the methods, which substantially reduced the ability to determine causation and attribution of the interventions. Considering the major increase in health-related humanitarian activities in the past three decades and calls for a stronger evidence base, this paper highlights the limited quantity and quality of health intervention research in humanitarian contexts and supports calls to scale up this research.Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing. However, little is known about the breadth and quality of evidence on health interventions in humanitarian crises. We describe the findings of a systematic review with the aim of examining the quantity and quality of evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises to identify key research gaps. We identified 345 studies published between 1980 and 2014 that met our inclusion criteria. The quantity of evidence varied substantially by health topic, from communicable diseases (n=131), nutrition (n=77), to non-communicable diseases (n=8), and water, sanitation, and hygiene (n=6). We observed common study design and weaknesses in the methods, which substantially reduced the ability to determine causation and attribution of the interventions. Considering the major increase in health-related humanitarian activities in the past three decades and calls for a stronger evidence base, this paper highlights the limited quantity and quality of health intervention research in humanitarian contexts and supports calls to scale up this research.
Summary Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing. However, little is known about the breadth and quality of evidence on health interventions in humanitarian crises. We describe the findings of a systematic review with the aim of examining the quantity and quality of evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises to identify key research gaps. We identified 345 studies published between 1980 and 2014 that met our inclusion criteria. The quantity of evidence varied substantially by health topic, from communicable diseases (n=131), nutrition (n=77), to non-communicable diseases (n=8), and water, sanitation, and hygiene (n=6). We observed common study design and weaknesses in the methods, which substantially reduced the ability to determine causation and attribution of the interventions. Considering the major increase in health-related humanitarian activities in the past three decades and calls for a stronger evidence base, this paper highlights the limited quantity and quality of health intervention research in humanitarian contexts and supports calls to scale up this research.
Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing. However, little is known about the breadth and quality of evidence on health interventions in humanitarian crises. We describe the findings of a systematic review with the aim of examining the quantity and quality of evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises to identify key research gaps. We identified 345 studies published between 1980 and 2014 that met our inclusion criteria. The quantity of evidence varied substantially by health topic, from communicable diseases (n=131), nutrition (n=77), to non-communicable diseases (n=8), and water, sanitation, and hygiene (n=6). We observed common study design and weaknesses in the methods, which substantially reduced the ability to determine causation and attribution of the interventions. Considering the major increase in health-related humanitarian activities in the past three decades and calls for a stronger evidence base, this paper highlights the limited quantity and quality of health intervention research in humanitarian contexts and supports calls to scale up this research.
Author Frison, Severine
Roberts, Bayard
Hossain, Mazeda
Post, Nathan
Knight, Abigail
Pantuliano, Sara
Lewis, Christopher
Dahab, Maysoon
Blanchet, Karl
Sistenich, Vera
Smith, James
Woodward, Aniek
Ramesh, Anita
Warren, Emily
Ruby, Alexander
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  givenname: Karl
  surname: Blanchet
  fullname: Blanchet, Karl
  organization: Health in Humanitarian Crises Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Anita
  surname: Ramesh
  fullname: Ramesh, Anita
  organization: Faculty of Public Health and Policy and Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Severine
  surname: Frison
  fullname: Frison, Severine
  organization: Faculty of Public Health and Policy and Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Emily
  surname: Warren
  fullname: Warren, Emily
  organization: Faculty of Public Health and Policy and Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Mazeda
  surname: Hossain
  fullname: Hossain, Mazeda
  organization: ECOHOST—The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 6
  givenname: James
  surname: Smith
  fullname: Smith, James
  organization: Health in Humanitarian Crises Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 7
  givenname: Abigail
  surname: Knight
  fullname: Knight, Abigail
  organization: Health in Humanitarian Crises Centre, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 8
  givenname: Nathan
  surname: Post
  fullname: Post, Nathan
  organization: ECOHOST—The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 9
  givenname: Christopher
  surname: Lewis
  fullname: Lewis, Christopher
  organization: UK Department for International Development, London, UK
– sequence: 10
  givenname: Aniek
  surname: Woodward
  fullname: Woodward, Aniek
  organization: ECOHOST—The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 11
  givenname: Maysoon
  surname: Dahab
  fullname: Dahab, Maysoon
  organization: ECOHOST—The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 12
  givenname: Alexander
  surname: Ruby
  fullname: Ruby, Alexander
  organization: ECOHOST—The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
– sequence: 13
  givenname: Vera
  surname: Sistenich
  fullname: Sistenich, Vera
  organization: Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA, USA
– sequence: 14
  givenname: Sara
  surname: Pantuliano
  fullname: Pantuliano, Sara
  organization: Overseas Development Institute, London, UK
– sequence: 15
  givenname: Bayard
  surname: Roberts
  fullname: Roberts, Bayard
  email: Bayard.roberts@lshtm.ac.uk
  organization: ECOHOST—The Centre for Health and Social Change, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28602563$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2017 Elsevier Ltd
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Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Copyright Elsevier Limited Nov 18, 2017
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Snippet Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been increasing....
Summary Recognition of the need for evidence-based interventions to help to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of humanitarian responses has been...
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SubjectTerms Causation
Child soldiers
Clinical decision making
Crises
Decision making
Emergencies
Evidence-Based Practice - methods
Female
Health promotion
Humanitarian aid
Humans
Hygiene
Internal Medicine
Male
Mortality
Nutrition
Program Development
Program Evaluation
Public Health
Relief Work - organization & administration
Sanitation
Systematic review
Vulnerable Populations - statistics & numerical data
Title Evidence on public health interventions in humanitarian crises
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