Obesity: a perfect storm for carcinogenesis

Obesity-related cancers account for 40% of the cancer cases observed in the USA and obesity is overtaking smoking as the most widespread modifiable risk factor for carcinogenesis. Here, we use the hallmarks of cancer framework to delineate how obesity might influence the carcinogenic hallmarks in so...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer and metastasis reviews Vol. 41; no. 3; pp. 491 - 515
Main Authors: Harris, Benjamin H. L., Macaulay, Valentine M., Harris, David A., Klenerman, Paul, Karpe, Fredrik, Lord, Simon R., Harris, Adrian L., Buffa, Francesca M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01.09.2022
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Carcinogenesis
Cell death
Energy metabolism
Genomes
Genomic instability
Humans
Inflammation
Malignancy
Metastases
Neoplasms - metabolism
Neovascularization, Pathologic - pathology
Obesity
Obesity - complications
Oncology
Patients
Physiological aspects
Risk factors
Signal Transduction
Somatic cells
Tumors
Obesity
Hallmarks of cancer
Adiposity
Carcinogenesis
Cancer
BMI
ISSN:0167-7659, 1573-7233, 1573-7233
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Obesity-related cancers account for 40% of the cancer cases observed in the USA and obesity is overtaking smoking as the most widespread modifiable risk factor for carcinogenesis. Here, we use the hallmarks of cancer framework to delineate how obesity might influence the carcinogenic hallmarks in somatic cells. We discuss the effects of obesity on (a) sustaining proliferative signaling; (b) evading growth suppressors; (c) resisting cell death; (d) enabling replicative immortality; (e) inducing angiogenesis; (f) activating invasion and metastasis; (g) reprogramming energy metabolism; and (h) avoiding immune destruction, together with its effects on genome instability and tumour-promoting inflammation. We present the current understanding and controversies in this evolving field, and highlight some areas in need of further cross-disciplinary focus. For instance, the relative importance of the many potentially causative obesity-related factors is unclear for each type of malignancy. Even within a single tumour type, it is currently unknown whether one obesity-related factor consistently plays a predominant role, or if this varies between patients or, even in a single patient with time. Clarifying how the hallmarks are affected by obesity may lead to novel prevention and treatment strategies for the increasingly obese population.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
content type line 14
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
ISSN:0167-7659
1573-7233
1573-7233
DOI:10.1007/s10555-022-10046-2