DNA topoisomerases: Advances in understanding of cellular roles and multi‐protein complexes via structure‐function analysis

DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA metabolism. As we review here, current structural approaches have revealed unprecedented insights into the complex DNA‐topoisomerase interac...

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Published in:BioEssays Vol. 43; no. 4; pp. e2000286 - n/a
Main Authors: McKie, Shannon J., Neuman, Keir C., Maxwell, Anthony
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.04.2021
Subjects:
antibiotics
anti‐cancer drugs
Cellular structure
Deoxyribonucleic acid
dissection
DNA
DNA gyrase
DNA structure
DNA supercoiling
DNA topoisomerase
DNA Topoisomerases
DNA Topoisomerases, Type I - metabolism
DNA Topoisomerases, Type II - metabolism
Function analysis
In vivo methods and tests
Metabolism
Protein structure
Proteins
Structure-function relationships
Topology
DNA supercoiling
anti-cancer drugs
DNA gyrase
antibiotics
DNA topoisomerase
ISSN:0265-9247, 1521-1878, 1521-1878
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Abstract DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA metabolism. As we review here, current structural approaches have revealed unprecedented insights into the complex DNA‐topoisomerase interaction and strand passage mechanism, helping to advance our understanding of their activities in vivo. This has been complemented by single‐molecule techniques, which have facilitated the detailed dissection of the various topoisomerase reactions. Recent work has also revealed the importance of topoisomerase interactions with accessory proteins and other DNA‐associated proteins, supporting the idea that they often function as part of multi‐enzyme assemblies in vivo. In addition, novel topoisomerases have been identified and explored, such as topo VIII and Mini‐A. These new findings are advancing our understanding of DNA‐related processes and the vital functions topos fulfil, demonstrating their indispensability in virtually every aspect of DNA metabolism. DNA topoisomerases are fundamental to the life of all cells due to their numerous roles in DNA metabolic processes; this includes transcription, replication, chromosome segregation, DNA repair, neurodevelopment, tumour suppression, mitochondrial DNA maintenance, and RNA processing, with new roles still being actively elucidated 50 years after their discovery.
AbstractList DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA metabolism. As we review here, current structural approaches have revealed unprecedented insights into the complex DNA-topoisomerase interaction and strand passage mechanism, helping to advance our understanding of their activities in vivo. This has been complemented by single-molecule techniques, which have facilitated the detailed dissection of the various topoisomerase reactions. Recent work has also revealed the importance of topoisomerase interactions with accessory proteins and other DNA-associated proteins, supporting the idea that they often function as part of multienzyme assemblies in vivo. In addition, novel topoisomerases have been identified and explored, such as topo VIII and Mini-A. These new findings are advancing our understanding of DNA-related processes and the vital functions topos fulfil, demonstrating their indispensability in virtually every aspect of DNA metabolism.
DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA metabolism. As we review here, current structural approaches have revealed unprecedented insights into the complex DNA‐topoisomerase interaction and strand passage mechanism, helping to advance our understanding of their activities in vivo. This has been complemented by single‐molecule techniques, which have facilitated the detailed dissection of the various topoisomerase reactions. Recent work has also revealed the importance of topoisomerase interactions with accessory proteins and other DNA‐associated proteins, supporting the idea that they often function as part of multi‐enzyme assemblies in vivo. In addition, novel topoisomerases have been identified and explored, such as topo VIII and Mini‐A. These new findings are advancing our understanding of DNA‐related processes and the vital functions topos fulfil, demonstrating their indispensability in virtually every aspect of DNA metabolism. DNA topoisomerases are fundamental to the life of all cells due to their numerous roles in DNA metabolic processes; this includes transcription, replication, chromosome segregation, DNA repair, neurodevelopment, tumour suppression, mitochondrial DNA maintenance, and RNA processing, with new roles still being actively elucidated 50 years after their discovery.
DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA metabolism. As we review here, current structural approaches have revealed unprecedented insights into the complex DNA‐topoisomerase interaction and strand passage mechanism, helping to advance our understanding of their activities in vivo. This has been complemented by single‐molecule techniques, which have facilitated the detailed dissection of the various topoisomerase reactions. Recent work has also revealed the importance of topoisomerase interactions with accessory proteins and other DNA‐associated proteins, supporting the idea that they often function as part of multi‐enzyme assemblies in vivo. In addition, novel topoisomerases have been identified and explored, such as topo VIII and Mini‐A. These new findings are advancing our understanding of DNA‐related processes and the vital functions topos fulfil, demonstrating their indispensability in virtually every aspect of DNA metabolism.
DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA metabolism. As we review here, current structural approaches have revealed unprecedented insights into the complex DNA-topoisomerase interaction and strand passage mechanism, helping to advance our understanding of their activities in vivo. This has been complemented by single-molecule techniques, which have facilitated the detailed dissection of the various topoisomerase reactions. Recent work has also revealed the importance of topoisomerase interactions with accessory proteins and other DNA-associated proteins, supporting the idea that they often function as part of multi-enzyme assemblies in vivo. In addition, novel topoisomerases have been identified and explored, such as topo VIII and Mini-A. These new findings are advancing our understanding of DNA-related processes and the vital functions topos fulfil, demonstrating their indispensability in virtually every aspect of DNA metabolism.DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA metabolism. As we review here, current structural approaches have revealed unprecedented insights into the complex DNA-topoisomerase interaction and strand passage mechanism, helping to advance our understanding of their activities in vivo. This has been complemented by single-molecule techniques, which have facilitated the detailed dissection of the various topoisomerase reactions. Recent work has also revealed the importance of topoisomerase interactions with accessory proteins and other DNA-associated proteins, supporting the idea that they often function as part of multi-enzyme assemblies in vivo. In addition, novel topoisomerases have been identified and explored, such as topo VIII and Mini-A. These new findings are advancing our understanding of DNA-related processes and the vital functions topos fulfil, demonstrating their indispensability in virtually every aspect of DNA metabolism.
Author Neuman, Keir C.
Maxwell, Anthony
McKie, Shannon J.
AuthorAffiliation 1 Department Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
2 Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, NHLBI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 1 Department Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK
– name: 2 Laboratory of Single Molecule Biophysics, NHLBI, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Shannon J.
  surname: McKie
  fullname: McKie, Shannon J.
  organization: NHLBI
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Keir C.
  surname: Neuman
  fullname: Neuman, Keir C.
  organization: NHLBI
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Anthony
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5756-6430
  surname: Maxwell
  fullname: Maxwell, Anthony
  email: tony.maxwell@jic.ac.uk
  organization: John Innes Centre
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33480441$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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2021. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2021 The Authors. published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
– notice: 2021 The Authors. BioEssays published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
– notice: 2021. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.
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Issue 4
Keywords DNA supercoiling
anti-cancer drugs
DNA gyrase
antibiotics
DNA topoisomerase
Language English
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2021 The Authors. BioEssays published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. This article has been contributed to by US Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Snippet DNA topoisomerases, capable of manipulating DNA topology, are ubiquitous and indispensable for cellular survival due to the numerous roles they play during DNA...
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StartPage e2000286
SubjectTerms antibiotics
anti‐cancer drugs
Cellular structure
Deoxyribonucleic acid
dissection
DNA
DNA gyrase
DNA structure
DNA supercoiling
DNA topoisomerase
DNA Topoisomerases
DNA Topoisomerases, Type I - metabolism
DNA Topoisomerases, Type II - metabolism
Function analysis
In vivo methods and tests
Metabolism
Protein structure
Proteins
Structure-function relationships
Topology
Title DNA topoisomerases: Advances in understanding of cellular roles and multi‐protein complexes via structure‐function analysis
URI https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fbies.202000286
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33480441
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https://www.proquest.com/docview/2480273952
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2524333578
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC7614492
Volume 43
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