Adamantanes might be protective from COVID-19 in patients with neurological diseases: multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism and cognitive impairment

•We report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment.•All patients were receiving treatments with either amantadine or memantine on stable registered doses.•In all patients...

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Published in:	Multiple sclerosis and related disorders Vol. 42; p. 102163
Main Authors:	Rejdak, Konrad, Grieb, Paweł
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.07.2020
Subjects:	Adamantane - therapeutic use Adamantanes Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Amantadine Amantadine - therapeutic use Asymptomatic Infections Betacoronavirus Case Report Cognitive Dysfunction - complications Cognitive Dysfunction - drug therapy Cognitive impairment Coronavirus Infections - complications Coronavirus Infections - physiopathology COVID-19 Dopamine Agents - therapeutic use Female Humans Male Memantine Memantine - therapeutic use Middle Aged Multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis - complications Multiple Sclerosis - drug therapy Neurology Pandemics Parkinson Disease - complications Parkinson Disease - drug therapy Pneumonia, Viral - complications Pneumonia, Viral - physiopathology Protection Protective Factors SARS-CoV-2 Severity of Illness Index COVID-19 Adamantanes Amantadine Multiple sclerosis SARS-CoV-2 Memantine PD Protection Cognitive impairment
ISSN:	2211-0348, 2211-0356, 2211-0356
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Abstract	•We report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment.•All patients were receiving treatments with either amantadine or memantine on stable registered doses.•In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR but none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an urgent need to find protective or curable drugs to prevent or to stop the course of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recent evidence accumulates that adamantanes, widely used in different neurological diseases, could be repurposed for COVID-19. We hereby report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (n=10), Parkinson's disease (n=5) or cognitive impairment (n=7). In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR of nasopharyngeal swabs. They were receiving treatment with either amantadine (n=15) or memantine (n=7) in stable registered doses. All of them had two-week quarantine since documented exposure and none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Above results warrant further studies on protective effects of adamantanes against COVID-19 manifestation, especially in subjects suffering from neurological disease.
AbstractList	Facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an urgent need to find protective or curable drugs to prevent or to stop the course of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recent evidence accumulates that adamantanes, widely used in different neurological diseases, could be repurposed for COVID-19. We hereby report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (n=10), Parkinson's disease (n=5) or cognitive impairment (n=7). In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR of nasopharyngeal swabs. They were receiving treatment with either amantadine (n=15) or memantine (n=7) in stable registered doses. All of them had two-week quarantine since documented exposure and none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Above results warrant further studies on protective effects of adamantanes against COVID-19 manifestation, especially in subjects suffering from neurological disease. •We report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment.•All patients were receiving treatments with either amantadine or memantine on stable registered doses.•In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR but none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an urgent need to find protective or curable drugs to prevent or to stop the course of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recent evidence accumulates that adamantanes, widely used in different neurological diseases, could be repurposed for COVID-19. We hereby report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (n=10), Parkinson's disease (n=5) or cognitive impairment (n=7). In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR of nasopharyngeal swabs. They were receiving treatment with either amantadine (n=15) or memantine (n=7) in stable registered doses. All of them had two-week quarantine since documented exposure and none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Above results warrant further studies on protective effects of adamantanes against COVID-19 manifestation, especially in subjects suffering from neurological disease. Highlights•We report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment. •All patients were receiving treatments with either amantadine or memantine on stable registered doses. •In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR but none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an urgent need to find protective or curable drugs to prevent or to stop the course of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recent evidence accumulates that adamantanes, widely used in different neurological diseases, could be repurposed for COVID-19. We hereby report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (n=10), Parkinson's disease (n=5) or cognitive impairment (n=7). In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR of nasopharyngeal swabs. They were receiving treatment with either amantadine (n=15) or memantine (n=7) in stable registered doses. All of them had two-week quarantine since documented exposure and none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Above results warrant further studies on protective effects of adamantanes against COVID-19 manifestation, especially in subjects suffering from neurological disease.Facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an urgent need to find protective or curable drugs to prevent or to stop the course of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recent evidence accumulates that adamantanes, widely used in different neurological diseases, could be repurposed for COVID-19. We hereby report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (n=10), Parkinson's disease (n=5) or cognitive impairment (n=7). In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR of nasopharyngeal swabs. They were receiving treatment with either amantadine (n=15) or memantine (n=7) in stable registered doses. All of them had two-week quarantine since documented exposure and none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Above results warrant further studies on protective effects of adamantanes against COVID-19 manifestation, especially in subjects suffering from neurological disease. • We report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and cognitive impairment. • All patients were receiving treatments with either amantadine or memantine on stable registered doses. • In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR but none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an urgent need to find protective or curable drugs to prevent or to stop the course of the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infection. Recent evidence accumulates that adamantanes, widely used in different neurological diseases, could be repurposed for COVID-19. We hereby report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis (n=10), Parkinson's disease (n=5) or cognitive impairment (n=7). In all patients infection with SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed by rtPCR of nasopharyngeal swabs. They were receiving treatment with either amantadine (n=15) or memantine (n=7) in stable registered doses. All of them had two-week quarantine since documented exposure and none of them developed clinical manifestations of infectious disease. They also did not report any significant changes in neurological status in the course of primary nervous system disease. Above results warrant further studies on protective effects of adamantanes against COVID-19 manifestation, especially in subjects suffering from neurological disease.
ArticleNumber	102163
Author	Grieb, Paweł Rejdak, Konrad
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Keywords	COVID-19 Adamantanes Amantadine Multiple sclerosis SARS-CoV-2 Memantine PD Protection Cognitive impairment
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License	Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
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References_xml	– volume: 16 start-page: 2065 year: 2007 end-page: 2071 ident: bib0002 article-title: Conductance and amantadine binding of a pore formed by a lysine-flanked transmembrane domain of SARS coronavirus envelope protein publication-title: Protein Sci – year: 2020 ident: bib0003 article-title: Potentially repurposing adamantanes for COVID-19 [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 16] publication-title: J Med Virol. – year: 2020 ident: bib0001 article-title: The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients publication-title: J Med Virol – year: 2020 ident: bib0004 article-title: What can Parkinson's disease teach us about COVID-19? publication-title: Neurol Neurochir Pol. – reference: Smieszek SP, Przychodzen BP, Polymeropoulos MH (2020) Amantadine disrupts lysosomal gene expression; potential therapy for COVID19. bioRxiv preprint doi: 10.1101/2020.04.05.026187. – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102163_bib0001 article-title: The neuroinvasive potential of SARS-CoV2 may play a role in the respiratory failure of COVID-19 patients publication-title: J Med Virol – volume: 16 start-page: 2065 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102163_bib0002 article-title: Conductance and amantadine binding of a pore formed by a lysine-flanked transmembrane domain of SARS coronavirus envelope protein publication-title: Protein Sci doi: 10.1110/ps.062730007 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102163_bib0004 article-title: What can Parkinson's disease teach us about COVID-19? publication-title: Neurol Neurochir Pol. doi: 10.5603/PJNNS.a2020.0039 – ident: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102163_bib0005 doi: 10.1101/2020.04.05.026187 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102163_bib0003 article-title: Potentially repurposing adamantanes for COVID-19 [published online ahead of print, 2020 Mar 16] publication-title: J Med Virol.
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Snippet	•We report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and... Highlights•We report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease... Facing the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there is an urgent need to find protective or curable drugs to prevent or to stop the... • We report on a questionnaire-based study performed to assess severity of COVID-19 in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and...
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SubjectTerms	Adamantane - therapeutic use Adamantanes Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Amantadine Amantadine - therapeutic use Asymptomatic Infections Betacoronavirus Case Report Cognitive Dysfunction - complications Cognitive Dysfunction - drug therapy Cognitive impairment Coronavirus Infections - complications Coronavirus Infections - physiopathology COVID-19 Dopamine Agents - therapeutic use Female Humans Male Memantine Memantine - therapeutic use Middle Aged Multiple sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis - complications Multiple Sclerosis - drug therapy Neurology Pandemics Parkinson Disease - complications Parkinson Disease - drug therapy Pneumonia, Viral - complications Pneumonia, Viral - physiopathology Protection Protective Factors SARS-CoV-2 Severity of Illness Index
Title	Adamantanes might be protective from COVID-19 in patients with neurological diseases: multiple sclerosis, parkinsonism and cognitive impairment
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