Childhood adversity and insomnia in adolescence
•We found that youth exposed to adversity are more likely to have insomnia during adolescence and the prevalence of insomnia differs by type of adversity.•For certain types of adversities, the risk of insomnia differed based on age at first exposure, consistent with the notion of their being “sensit...
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| Published in: | Sleep medicine Vol. 21; pp. 12 - 18 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01.05.2016
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| ISSN: | 1389-9457, 1878-5506 |
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| Abstract | •We found that youth exposed to adversity are more likely to have insomnia during adolescence and the prevalence of insomnia differs by type of adversity.•For certain types of adversities, the risk of insomnia differed based on age at first exposure, consistent with the notion of their being “sensitive periods” in development.•There was a clear dose–response relationship between number of childhood adversities reported and risk of insomnia.
The study aims to evaluate the association between exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia, with an emphasis on the role of adversity type, timing, and accumulation (i.e., the number of specific types of adversities the child reported being exposed to).
Our analytic sample comprised 9582 adolescents from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a nationally representative population-based sample. We examined the association between 18 different types of retrospectively reported adversities (capturing interpersonal violence, accidents and injuries, social network or witnessing events, and other adverse events) and risk of self-reported past-year insomnia. We also examined whether the age at first exposure to adversity was associated with the risk of insomnia, and whether exposure to a greater number of different types of adversities (ie, accumulation) conferred an elevated risk of insomnia. In addition, we performed a sensitivity analysis excluding adolescents with a past-year diagnosis of major depression, dysthymia, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or generalized anxiety disorder.
Almost one-third of adolescents reported insomnia, with a higher prevalence among girls and those from racial/ethnic minority groups. Adolescents exposed to at least one childhood adversity of any type (59.41%) were more likely than their nonexposed peers to experience insomnia (across adversities, prevalence ratios (PRs) ranged from 1.31 to 1.89). Risk of insomnia differed based on the age at first exposure to adversity as well as the type of adversity. Adolescents exposed to a greater number of different types of adversities had a higher risk of insomnia compared to those experiencing fewer adversities. These results were similar, by and large, to those obtained after excluding adolescents with at least one of the four past-year psychiatric disorders.
Exposure to adversity confers an elevated risk of insomnia. This association varied by type, timing, and accumulation of exposure and did not appear to be driven by psychiatric disorders. Given the well-documented physical and mental health consequences of insomnia, such findings further support the need for practitioners to screen children for exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia symptoms. |
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| AbstractList | •We found that youth exposed to adversity are more likely to have insomnia during adolescence and the prevalence of insomnia differs by type of adversity.•For certain types of adversities, the risk of insomnia differed based on age at first exposure, consistent with the notion of their being “sensitive periods” in development.•There was a clear dose–response relationship between number of childhood adversities reported and risk of insomnia.
The study aims to evaluate the association between exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia, with an emphasis on the role of adversity type, timing, and accumulation (i.e., the number of specific types of adversities the child reported being exposed to).
Our analytic sample comprised 9582 adolescents from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a nationally representative population-based sample. We examined the association between 18 different types of retrospectively reported adversities (capturing interpersonal violence, accidents and injuries, social network or witnessing events, and other adverse events) and risk of self-reported past-year insomnia. We also examined whether the age at first exposure to adversity was associated with the risk of insomnia, and whether exposure to a greater number of different types of adversities (ie, accumulation) conferred an elevated risk of insomnia. In addition, we performed a sensitivity analysis excluding adolescents with a past-year diagnosis of major depression, dysthymia, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or generalized anxiety disorder.
Almost one-third of adolescents reported insomnia, with a higher prevalence among girls and those from racial/ethnic minority groups. Adolescents exposed to at least one childhood adversity of any type (59.41%) were more likely than their nonexposed peers to experience insomnia (across adversities, prevalence ratios (PRs) ranged from 1.31 to 1.89). Risk of insomnia differed based on the age at first exposure to adversity as well as the type of adversity. Adolescents exposed to a greater number of different types of adversities had a higher risk of insomnia compared to those experiencing fewer adversities. These results were similar, by and large, to those obtained after excluding adolescents with at least one of the four past-year psychiatric disorders.
Exposure to adversity confers an elevated risk of insomnia. This association varied by type, timing, and accumulation of exposure and did not appear to be driven by psychiatric disorders. Given the well-documented physical and mental health consequences of insomnia, such findings further support the need for practitioners to screen children for exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia symptoms. Highlights • We found that youth exposed to adversity are more likely to have insomnia during adolescence and the prevalence of insomnia differs by type of adversity. • For certain types of adversities, the risk of insomnia differed based on age at first exposure, consistent with the notion of their being “sensitive periods” in development. • There was a clear dose–response relationship between number of childhood adversities reported and risk of insomnia. OBJECTIVEThe study aims to evaluate the association between exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia, with an emphasis on the role of adversity type, timing, and accumulation (i.e., the number of specific types of adversities the child reported being exposed to).METHODSOur analytic sample comprised 9582 adolescents from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a nationally representative population-based sample. We examined the association between 18 different types of retrospectively reported adversities (capturing interpersonal violence, accidents and injuries, social network or witnessing events, and other adverse events) and risk of self-reported past-year insomnia. We also examined whether the age at first exposure to adversity was associated with the risk of insomnia, and whether exposure to a greater number of different types of adversities (ie, accumulation) conferred an elevated risk of insomnia. In addition, we performed a sensitivity analysis excluding adolescents with a past-year diagnosis of major depression, dysthymia, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or generalized anxiety disorder.RESULTSAlmost one-third of adolescents reported insomnia, with a higher prevalence among girls and those from racial/ethnic minority groups. Adolescents exposed to at least one childhood adversity of any type (59.41%) were more likely than their nonexposed peers to experience insomnia (across adversities, prevalence ratios (PRs) ranged from 1.31 to 1.89). Risk of insomnia differed based on the age at first exposure to adversity as well as the type of adversity. Adolescents exposed to a greater number of different types of adversities had a higher risk of insomnia compared to those experiencing fewer adversities. These results were similar, by and large, to those obtained after excluding adolescents with at least one of the four past-year psychiatric disorders.CONCLUSIONSExposure to adversity confers an elevated risk of insomnia. This association varied by type, timing, and accumulation of exposure and did not appear to be driven by psychiatric disorders. Given the well-documented physical and mental health consequences of insomnia, such findings further support the need for practitioners to screen children for exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia symptoms. The study aims to evaluate the association between exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia, with an emphasis on the role of adversity type, timing, and accumulation (i.e., the number of specific types of adversities the child reported being exposed to). Our analytic sample comprised 9582 adolescents from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), a nationally representative population-based sample. We examined the association between 18 different types of retrospectively reported adversities (capturing interpersonal violence, accidents and injuries, social network or witnessing events, and other adverse events) and risk of self-reported past-year insomnia. We also examined whether the age at first exposure to adversity was associated with the risk of insomnia, and whether exposure to a greater number of different types of adversities (ie, accumulation) conferred an elevated risk of insomnia. In addition, we performed a sensitivity analysis excluding adolescents with a past-year diagnosis of major depression, dysthymia, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), or generalized anxiety disorder. Almost one-third of adolescents reported insomnia, with a higher prevalence among girls and those from racial/ethnic minority groups. Adolescents exposed to at least one childhood adversity of any type (59.41%) were more likely than their nonexposed peers to experience insomnia (across adversities, prevalence ratios (PRs) ranged from 1.31 to 1.89). Risk of insomnia differed based on the age at first exposure to adversity as well as the type of adversity. Adolescents exposed to a greater number of different types of adversities had a higher risk of insomnia compared to those experiencing fewer adversities. These results were similar, by and large, to those obtained after excluding adolescents with at least one of the four past-year psychiatric disorders. Exposure to adversity confers an elevated risk of insomnia. This association varied by type, timing, and accumulation of exposure and did not appear to be driven by psychiatric disorders. Given the well-documented physical and mental health consequences of insomnia, such findings further support the need for practitioners to screen children for exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia symptoms. |
| Author | Slopen, Natalie Raffeld, Miriam R. Hale, Lauren Dunn, Erin C. Wang, Yan |
| AuthorAffiliation | 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Public Health 1 Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital 4 Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School 5 Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT 3 Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital – name: 5 Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT – name: 3 Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University – name: 4 Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School – name: 2 Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland, College Park, School of Public Health |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Yan orcidid: 0000-0003-4693-4901 surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Yan organization: Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 2 givenname: Miriam R. surname: Raffeld fullname: Raffeld, Miriam R. organization: Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Natalie surname: Slopen fullname: Slopen, Natalie organization: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland, School of Public Health, College Park, MD, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Lauren surname: Hale fullname: Hale, Lauren organization: Program in Public Health, Department of Family, Population, and Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Erin C. orcidid: 0000-0003-1413-3229 surname: Dunn fullname: Dunn, Erin C. email: edunn2@mgh.harvard.edu organization: Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27448466$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Snippet | •We found that youth exposed to adversity are more likely to have insomnia during adolescence and the prevalence of insomnia differs by type of adversity.•For... Highlights • We found that youth exposed to adversity are more likely to have insomnia during adolescence and the prevalence of insomnia differs by type of... The study aims to evaluate the association between exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia, with an emphasis on the role of adversity type, timing, and... OBJECTIVEThe study aims to evaluate the association between exposure to childhood adversity and insomnia, with an emphasis on the role of adversity type,... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescence Adolescent Anxiety Disorders - psychology Child Child Abuse - psychology Childhood adversity Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology Epidemiology Exposure to Violence - psychology Female Humans Insomnia Life Change Events Male Mental Health Neurology Prevalence Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Sensitive periods Sex Factors Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - epidemiology Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders - ethnology Sleep Medicine United States |
| Title | Childhood adversity and insomnia in adolescence |
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