The Terrestrial Isopod Microbiome: An All-in-One Toolbox for Animal–Microbe Interactions of Ecological Relevance
Bacterial symbionts represent essential drivers of arthropod ecology and evolution, influencing host traits such as nutrition, reproduction, immunity, and speciation. However, the majority of work on arthropod microbiota has been conducted in insects and more studies in non-model species across diff...
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| Vydané v: | Frontiers in microbiology Ročník 7; číslo 1472; s. 1472 |
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| Hlavní autori: | , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | English |
| Vydavateľské údaje: |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media
23.09.2016
Frontiers Media S.A |
| Predmet: | |
| ISSN: | 1664-302X, 1664-302X |
| On-line prístup: | Získať plný text |
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| Shrnutí: | Bacterial symbionts represent essential drivers of arthropod ecology and evolution, influencing host traits such as nutrition, reproduction, immunity, and speciation. However, the majority of work on arthropod microbiota has been conducted in insects and more studies in non-model species across different ecological niches will be needed to complete our understanding of host-microbiota interactions. In this review, we present terrestrial isopod crustaceans as an emerging model organism to investigate symbiotic associations with potential relevance to ecosystem functioning. Terrestrial isopods comprise a group of crustaceans that have evolved a terrestrial lifestyle and represent keystone species in terrestrial ecosystems, contributing to the decomposition of organic matter and regulating the microbial food web. Since their nutrition is based on plant detritus, it has long been suspected that bacterial symbionts located in the digestive tissues might play an important role in host nutrition via the provisioning of digestive enzymes, thereby enabling the utilization of recalcitrant food compounds (e.g., cellulose or lignins). If this were the case, then (i) the acquisition of these bacteria might have been an important evolutionary prerequisite for the colonization of land by isopods, and (ii) these bacterial symbionts would directly mediate the role of their hosts in ecosystem functioning. Several bacterial symbionts have indeed been discovered in the midgut caeca of terrestrial isopods and some of them might be specific to this group of animals (i.e.,
Hepatoplasma crinochetorum,
Hepatincola porcellionum, and
), while others are well-known intracellular pathogens (
spp.) or reproductive parasites (
sp.). Moreover, a recent investigation of the microbiota in
has revealed that this species harbors a highly diverse bacterial community which varies between host populations, suggesting an important share of environmental microbes in the host-associated microbiota. In this review, we synthesize our current knowledge on the terrestrial isopod microbiome and identify future directions to (i) fully understand the functional roles of particular bacteria (both intracellular or intestinal symbionts and environmental gut passengers), and (ii) whether and how the host-associated microbiota could influence the performance of terrestrial isopods as keystone species in soil ecosystems. |
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| Bibliografia: | ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1 This article was submitted to Microbial Symbioses, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology Reviewed by: Pepijn Wilhelmus Kooij, Royal Botanic Gardens, UK; Yuval Gottlieb, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; Yongjie Wang Wang, Shanghai Ocean University, China Edited by: Ute Hentschel, GEOMAR – Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany |
| ISSN: | 1664-302X 1664-302X |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01472 |