The effectiveness of screening history, physical exam, and ECG to detect potentially lethal cardiac disorders in athletes: A systematic review/meta-analysis

The optimal cardiovascular preparticipation screen is debated. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review/meta-analysis of evidence comparing screening strategies. PRIMSA guidelines were followed. Electronic databases were searched from January 1996 to November 2014 for articles ex...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Journal of electrocardiology Jg. 48; H. 3; S. 329 - 338
Hauptverfasser: Harmon, Kimberly G., Zigman, Monica, Drezner, Jonathan A.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States Elsevier Inc 01.05.2015
Schlagworte:
ISSN:0022-0736, 1532-8430, 1532-8430
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Abstract The optimal cardiovascular preparticipation screen is debated. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review/meta-analysis of evidence comparing screening strategies. PRIMSA guidelines were followed. Electronic databases were searched from January 1996 to November 2014 for articles examining the efficacy of screening with history and physical exam (PE) based on the American Heart Association (AHA) or similar recommendations and electrocardiogram (ECG). Pooled data was analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, false positive rates and positive and negative likelihood ratios. Secondary outcomes included rate of potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected with screening and the etiology of pathology discovered. Fifteen articles reporting on 47,137 athletes were reviewed. After meta-analysis the sensitivity and specificity of ECG was 94%/93%, history 20%/94%, and PE 9%/97%. The overall false positive rate of ECG (6%) was less than that of history (8%), or physical exam (10%). Positive likelihood ratios were ECG 14.8, history 3.22 and PE 2.93 and negative likelihood ratios were ECG 0.055, history 0.85, and PE 0.93. There were a total of 160 potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected for a rate of 0.3% or 1 in 294. The most common pathology was Wolff-Parkinson-White (67, 42%), Long QT Syndrome (18, 11%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (18, 11%), dilated cardiomyopathy (11, 7%), coronary artery disease or myocardial ischemia (9, 6%) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (4, 3%). The most effective strategy for screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes is ECG. It is 5 times more sensitive than history, 10 times more sensitive than physical exam, has higher positive likelihood ratio, lower negative likelihood ratio and a lower false positive rate. 12-lead ECG interpreted using modern criteria should be considered best practice in screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes while the use of history and physical alone as a screening tool should be reevaluated.
AbstractList The optimal cardiovascular preparticipation screen is debated. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review/meta-analysis of evidence comparing screening strategies. PRIMSA guidelines were followed. Electronic databases were searched from January 1996 to November 2014 for articles examining the efficacy of screening with history and physical exam (PE) based on the American Heart Association (AHA) or similar recommendations and electrocardiogram (ECG). Pooled data was analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, false positive rates and positive and negative likelihood ratios. Secondary outcomes included rate of potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected with screening and the etiology of pathology discovered. Fifteen articles reporting on 47,137 athletes were reviewed. After meta-analysis the sensitivity and specificity of ECG was 94%/93%, history 20%/94%, and PE 9%/97%. The overall false positive rate of ECG (6%) was less than that of history (8%), or physical exam (10%). Positive likelihood ratios were ECG 14.8, history 3.22 and PE 2.93 and negative likelihood ratios were ECG 0.055, history 0.85, and PE 0.93. There were a total of 160 potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected for a rate of 0.3% or 1 in 294. The most common pathology was Wolff-Parkinson-White (67, 42%), Long QT Syndrome (18, 11%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (18, 11%), dilated cardiomyopathy (11, 7%), coronary artery disease or myocardial ischemia (9, 6%) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (4, 3%). The most effective strategy for screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes is ECG. It is 5 times more sensitive than history, 10 times more sensitive than physical exam, has higher positive likelihood ratio, lower negative likelihood ratio and a lower false positive rate. 12-lead ECG interpreted using modern criteria should be considered best practice in screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes while the use of history and physical alone as a screening tool should be reevaluated.
AbstractBackgroundThe optimal cardiovascular preparticipation screen is debated. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review/meta-analysis of evidence comparing screening strategies. MethodsPRIMSA guidelines were followed. Electronic databases were searched from January 1996 to November 2014 for articles examining the efficacy of screening with history and physical exam (PE) based on the American Heart Association (AHA) or similar recommendations and electrocardiogram (ECG). Pooled data was analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, false positive rates and positive and negative likelihood ratios. Secondary outcomes included rate of potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected with screening and the etiology of pathology discovered. ResultsFifteen articles reporting on 47,137 athletes were reviewed. After meta-analysis the sensitivity and specificity of ECG was 94%/93%, history 20%/94%, and PE 9%/97%. The overall false positive rate of ECG (6%) was less than that of history (8%), or physical exam (10%). Positive likelihood ratios were ECG 14.8, history 3.22 and PE 2.93 and negative likelihood ratios were ECG 0.055, history 0.85, and PE 0.93. There were a total of 160 potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected for a rate of 0.3% or 1 in 294. The most common pathology was Wolff-Parkinson-White (67, 42%), Long QT Syndrome (18, 11%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (18, 11%), dilated cardiomyopathy (11, 7%), coronary artery disease or myocardial ischemia (9, 6%) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (4, 3%). ConclusionsThe most effective strategy for screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes is ECG. It is 5 times more sensitive than history, 10 times more sensitive than physical exam, has higher positive likelihood ratio, lower negative likelihood ratio and a lower false positive rate. 12-lead ECG interpreted using modern criteria should be considered best practice in screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes while the use of history and physical alone as a screening tool should be reevaluated.
The optimal cardiovascular preparticipation screen is debated. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review/meta-analysis of evidence comparing screening strategies.BACKGROUNDThe optimal cardiovascular preparticipation screen is debated. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review/meta-analysis of evidence comparing screening strategies.PRIMSA guidelines were followed. Electronic databases were searched from January 1996 to November 2014 for articles examining the efficacy of screening with history and physical exam (PE) based on the American Heart Association (AHA) or similar recommendations and electrocardiogram (ECG). Pooled data was analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, false positive rates and positive and negative likelihood ratios. Secondary outcomes included rate of potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected with screening and the etiology of pathology discovered.METHODSPRIMSA guidelines were followed. Electronic databases were searched from January 1996 to November 2014 for articles examining the efficacy of screening with history and physical exam (PE) based on the American Heart Association (AHA) or similar recommendations and electrocardiogram (ECG). Pooled data was analyzed for sensitivity, specificity, false positive rates and positive and negative likelihood ratios. Secondary outcomes included rate of potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected with screening and the etiology of pathology discovered.Fifteen articles reporting on 47,137 athletes were reviewed. After meta-analysis the sensitivity and specificity of ECG was 94%/93%, history 20%/94%, and PE 9%/97%. The overall false positive rate of ECG (6%) was less than that of history (8%), or physical exam (10%). Positive likelihood ratios were ECG 14.8, history 3.22 and PE 2.93 and negative likelihood ratios were ECG 0.055, history 0.85, and PE 0.93. There were a total of 160 potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected for a rate of 0.3% or 1 in 294. The most common pathology was Wolff-Parkinson-White (67, 42%), Long QT Syndrome (18, 11%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (18, 11%), dilated cardiomyopathy (11, 7%), coronary artery disease or myocardial ischemia (9, 6%) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (4, 3%).RESULTSFifteen articles reporting on 47,137 athletes were reviewed. After meta-analysis the sensitivity and specificity of ECG was 94%/93%, history 20%/94%, and PE 9%/97%. The overall false positive rate of ECG (6%) was less than that of history (8%), or physical exam (10%). Positive likelihood ratios were ECG 14.8, history 3.22 and PE 2.93 and negative likelihood ratios were ECG 0.055, history 0.85, and PE 0.93. There were a total of 160 potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions detected for a rate of 0.3% or 1 in 294. The most common pathology was Wolff-Parkinson-White (67, 42%), Long QT Syndrome (18, 11%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (18, 11%), dilated cardiomyopathy (11, 7%), coronary artery disease or myocardial ischemia (9, 6%) and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (4, 3%).The most effective strategy for screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes is ECG. It is 5 times more sensitive than history, 10 times more sensitive than physical exam, has higher positive likelihood ratio, lower negative likelihood ratio and a lower false positive rate. 12-lead ECG interpreted using modern criteria should be considered best practice in screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes while the use of history and physical alone as a screening tool should be reevaluated.CONCLUSIONSThe most effective strategy for screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes is ECG. It is 5 times more sensitive than history, 10 times more sensitive than physical exam, has higher positive likelihood ratio, lower negative likelihood ratio and a lower false positive rate. 12-lead ECG interpreted using modern criteria should be considered best practice in screening for cardiovascular disease in athletes while the use of history and physical alone as a screening tool should be reevaluated.
Author Harmon, Kimberly G.
Zigman, Monica
Drezner, Jonathan A.
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Kimberly G.
  orcidid: 0000-0002-3670-6609
  surname: Harmon
  fullname: Harmon, Kimberly G.
  email: kharmon@uw.edu
  organization: Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Monica
  surname: Zigman
  fullname: Zigman, Monica
  organization: Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Jonathan A.
  surname: Drezner
  fullname: Drezner, Jonathan A.
  organization: Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25701104$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
BookMark eNqNUsFu1DAUtFAR3RZ-AVmcODSp7WzipAdEWUpBqsSBcrYc-4X14thb21vIv_CxONpWQpWQ9vQOnpn3PDMn6Mh5Bwi9oaSkhDbnm3IDFlQKXsmgS0ZoXRJWEkKfoQWtK1a0y4ocoQUhjBWEV80xOolxQwjpGGcv0DGrOaGULBfoz-0aMAxDljP34CBG7AccVQBwxv3AaxOTD9MZ3q6naJS0GH7L8QxLp_HV6honjzWkzMZbn8AlI62dsIW0ztD5PCMV1ib6oCFEbByWaZ2fIV7gSxynmGCUySgc4N7Ar_MRkiykkzZviy_R80HaCK8e5in6_unqdvW5uPl6_WV1eVOoulmmQg-qzr7Qrpd1r4aWLDvW9LwiknPd6Lav2o6zvu4gj6olTLed0lpL3mdK21Wn6O1edxv83Q5iEqOJCqyVDvwuCtpw3raM1U2Gvn6A7voRtNgGM8owiUdHM-D9HqCCjzHAIJRJ-YfepSCNFZSIOUSxEf-GKOYQBWEih5glLp5IPG45iPxxT4ZsWLY0iKgMOAXahMwQ2pvDZN49kVHWuLkAP2GCuPG7kEPK1oiYCeLbXLW5abTOLVt2PAt8-L_AoVf8Bbm_7i4
CitedBy_id crossref_primary_10_1016_j_echo_2020_02_009
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12265_020_10005_8
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ppedcard_2025_101859
crossref_primary_10_1136_heartjnl_2017_312901
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00246_021_02713_y
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_anpede_2016_01_002
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csm_2022_02_002
crossref_primary_10_1097_EBP_0000000000000217
crossref_primary_10_3390_ani12050550
crossref_primary_10_1542_pir_2023_005975
crossref_primary_10_3390_jcdd11100315
crossref_primary_10_1097_JSM_0000000000000807
crossref_primary_10_3389_fped_2023_1125958
crossref_primary_10_1097_CPT_0000000000000299
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2015_095554
crossref_primary_10_1016_S0140_6736_24_02086_5
crossref_primary_10_1093_eurjpc_zwab202
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12170_021_00675_7
crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjopen_2020_040815
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_repce_2015_11_006
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12170_022_00697_9
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hroo_2025_07_104
crossref_primary_10_1177_03000605211053280
crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_019_57025_2
crossref_primary_10_33678_cor_2020_062
crossref_primary_10_3889_oamjms_2017_174
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00399_015_0388_0
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccl_2016_06_004
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjcard_2021_04_030
crossref_primary_10_1177_1941738116664041
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2018_11_003
crossref_primary_10_1177_2047487316676042
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12874_024_02251_0
crossref_primary_10_3390_s20072033
crossref_primary_10_1111_evj_12580
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2025_02_010
crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjsem_2025_002505
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsams_2021_11_039
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2018_10_016
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsams_2024_05_017
crossref_primary_10_1097_JSA_0000000000000330
crossref_primary_10_1002_clc_24112
crossref_primary_10_1097_JSM_0000000000000598
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjcard_2018_09_012
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijcard_2018_11_012
crossref_primary_10_15829_1560_4071_2021_4541
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pop_2019_11_001
crossref_primary_10_1249_JSR_0000000000000296
crossref_primary_10_1177_0218492318807533
crossref_primary_10_1097_CD9_0000000000000164
crossref_primary_10_3390_jcdd10020072
crossref_primary_10_1177_00099228231152857
crossref_primary_10_4085_1062_6050_0746_20
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jelectrocard_2015_06_001
crossref_primary_10_1093_eurjpc_zwae180
crossref_primary_10_1093_eurjpc_zwaf275
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2016_097438
crossref_primary_10_1056_NEJMoa1714719
crossref_primary_10_1097_MOP_0000000000000503
crossref_primary_10_5811_westjem_2019_7_43190
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjmed_2019_06_028
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_yfpn_2024_01_001
crossref_primary_10_1080_00913847_2020_1755908
crossref_primary_10_1249_JSR_0000000000000247
crossref_primary_10_37615_retic_v7n1a1
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pedhc_2018_07_006
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2023_107942
crossref_primary_10_1186_s40798_021_00320_y
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jpeds_2024_114168
crossref_primary_10_1161_CIRCOUTCOMES_116_003306
crossref_primary_10_1017_S1047951123004304
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40138_020_00214_5
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_anpedi_2016_01_013
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12872_018_0983_1
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12911_024_02764_0
crossref_primary_10_1136_heartjnl_2018_313466
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00112_020_00956_2
crossref_primary_10_1080_00913847_2017_1363622
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jsams_2019_12_025
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rec_2018_06_036
crossref_primary_10_3928_00904481_20151214_01
crossref_primary_10_1080_00913847_2024_2344227
crossref_primary_10_1097_JSM_0000000000000770
crossref_primary_10_1097_WNO_0000000000000623
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2025_109751
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccl_2022_08_001
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_remle_2017_12_003
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12471_018_1079_3
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2025_03_003
crossref_primary_10_1007_s40279_025_02230_5
crossref_primary_10_1161_JAHA_119_012235
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_paed_2018_10_006
crossref_primary_10_1093_eurjpc_zwac218
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_reach_2021_100040
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2016_096323
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2016_06_007
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hrthm_2020_04_032
crossref_primary_10_1109_ACCESS_2018_2828882
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2016_097378
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_repce_2018_02_001
crossref_primary_10_1080_14779072_2020_1787154
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00431_024_05489_4
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jelectrocard_2020_08_002
crossref_primary_10_1177_1941738118775039
crossref_primary_10_4085_1062_6050_52_11_24
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pmrj_2016_01_001
crossref_primary_10_1177_8756479317737764
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_csm_2019_05_002
crossref_primary_10_1017_S1047951116001529
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12170_016_0494_5
crossref_primary_10_1111_evj_12803
crossref_primary_10_1007_s13239_023_00673_3
crossref_primary_10_33678_cor_2023_096
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2019_08_023
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2016_08_001
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2019_101718
crossref_primary_10_1177_2047487317713328
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2016_08_005
crossref_primary_10_1017_S1047951120003145
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00246_025_03945_y
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_acvd_2016_06_001
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12471_018_1124_2
crossref_primary_10_1186_s12887_021_02557_8
crossref_primary_10_17533_udea_iatreia_v30n3a02
crossref_primary_10_1097_JSM_0000000000000954
crossref_primary_10_1161_CIR_0000000000001297
crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjsem_2021_001178
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ahj_2025_03_010
crossref_primary_10_1080_10715762_2021_1939024
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_amjmed_2015_07_021
crossref_primary_10_2459_JCM_0000000000001215
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00246_018_1907_7
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijcard_2022_02_035
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_aprim_2023_102782
crossref_primary_10_1542_peds_2022_056798
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pedhc_2020_10_002
crossref_primary_10_1109_JBHI_2023_3344187
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2017_098528
crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pone_0187948
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_repc_2015_07_007
crossref_primary_10_1111_echo_70021
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ccep_2023_09_003
crossref_primary_10_1136_heartjnl_2016_310744
crossref_primary_10_1002_jcu_23761
crossref_primary_10_1007_s12471_020_01376_3
crossref_primary_10_1136_bjsports_2016_096781
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2016_03_527
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_resuscitation_2019_09_022
crossref_primary_10_1093_occmed_kqz138
crossref_primary_10_1002_clc_23417
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_repc_2017_06_006
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2017_01_033
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_hrthm_2024_05_018
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2024_12_025
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pcad_2020_03_015
crossref_primary_10_1080_02701367_2017_1342201
crossref_primary_10_1097_JSM_0000000000000616
crossref_primary_10_1097_JSM_0000000000000858
crossref_primary_10_1093_eurjpc_zwae135
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2018_04_005
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijcard_2017_03_034
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jacc_2016_06_017
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jchf_2017_07_014
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cjca_2016_02_055
crossref_primary_10_1002_clc_23364
crossref_primary_10_1186_s41935_023_00357_y
crossref_primary_10_1007_s00112_019_00796_9
Cites_doi 10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.09.008
10.1136/bjsm.2007.039420
10.1016/S0002-9149(99)80198-2
10.1093/eurheartj/ehr140
10.1097/01.hjr.0000238397.50341.4a
10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.12.037
10.1136/bjsports-2012-091803
10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.01.016
10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.05.035
10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.05.021
10.1093/europace/eur051
10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00005
10.1136/hrt.2009.168369
10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.04.024
10.1136/bjsports-2013-092929
10.1016/j.jacc.2014.05.006
10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2014.07.019
10.1177/2047487312462147
10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.181423
10.1097/HCO.0b013e32830b3624
10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.04.031
10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.804617
10.1016/j.jacc.2010.10.037
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.09.013
10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00876.x
10.1001/jama.1996.03540030033028
10.7863/ultra.33.2.307
10.1136/bjsm.2009.064394
10.7326/0003-4819-152-5-201003020-00004
10.1136/bjsm.2010.082743
10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.01.009
10.1016/j.recesp.2013.11.023
10.1093/europace/eur161
10.1001/jama.296.13.1593
10.1136/bjsports-2014-093840
10.1161/01.CIR.94.4.850
10.1161/CIRCEP.113.001376
10.1056/NEJM199808063390602
10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006179
10.1177/1941738113509059
10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00566-0
10.1136/bjsports-2013-093360
10.1136/bjsm.2009.063958
10.1093/eurheartj/ehp473
10.1016/j.jacc.2011.01.049
10.17305/bjbms.2010.2692
10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.004622
10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.09.011
10.1161/01.CIR.65.7.1388
10.1136/bjsports-2012-091871
10.1186/2052-1847-6-5
10.1097/00005768-199709000-00003
10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.05.018
10.1093/biostatistics/kxl004
10.1093/eurheartj/ehi108
10.1016/j.jacc.2003.03.002
ContentType Journal Article
Copyright 2015 Elsevier Inc.
Elsevier Inc.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Copyright_xml – notice: 2015 Elsevier Inc.
– notice: Elsevier Inc.
– notice: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
DBID AAYXX
CITATION
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
DOI 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001
DatabaseName CrossRef
Medline
MEDLINE
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE
MEDLINE
PubMed
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitle CrossRef
MEDLINE
Medline Complete
MEDLINE with Full Text
PubMed
MEDLINE (Ovid)
MEDLINE - Academic
DatabaseTitleList
MEDLINE

MEDLINE - Academic

Database_xml – sequence: 1
  dbid: NPM
  name: PubMed
  url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed
  sourceTypes: Index Database
– sequence: 2
  dbid: 7X8
  name: MEDLINE - Academic
  url: https://search.proquest.com/medline
  sourceTypes: Aggregation Database
DeliveryMethod fulltext_linktorsrc
Discipline Medicine
EISSN 1532-8430
EndPage 338
ExternalDocumentID 25701104
10_1016_j_jelectrocard_2015_02_001
S0022073615000497
1_s2_0_S0022073615000497
Genre Meta-Analysis
Systematic Review
Journal Article
GroupedDBID ---
--K
--M
.1-
.55
.FO
.GJ
.~1
0R~
1B1
1P~
1RT
1~.
1~5
29K
4.4
457
4G.
53G
5GY
5RE
5VS
7-5
71M
7X7
88E
88I
8AF
8AO
8FI
8FJ
8P~
8R4
8R5
9JM
AAEDT
AAEDW
AAIKJ
AAKOC
AALRI
AAOAW
AAQFI
AAQXK
AATTM
AAWTL
AAXKI
AAXUO
AAYWO
ABBQC
ABFRF
ABJNI
ABMAC
ABMZM
ABOCM
ABUWG
ABWVN
ABXDB
ACDAQ
ACDOS
ACGFO
ACGFS
ACGOD
ACIEU
ACLOT
ACRLP
ACRPL
ACVFH
ADBBV
ADCNI
ADEZE
ADMUD
ADNMO
AEBSH
AEFWE
AEIPS
AEKER
AENEX
AEUPX
AEVXI
AFFNX
AFJKZ
AFKRA
AFPUW
AFRHN
AFTJW
AFXIZ
AGHFR
AGQPQ
AGUBO
AGYEJ
AHHHB
AHMBA
AIEXJ
AIGII
AIIUN
AIKHN
AITUG
AJRQY
AJUYK
AKBMS
AKRWK
AKYEP
ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS
AMRAJ
ANKPU
ANZVX
APXCP
ASPBG
AVWKF
AXJTR
AZFZN
AZQEC
BENPR
BKOJK
BLXMC
BNPGV
BPHCQ
BVXVI
CAG
CCPQU
COF
CS3
D-I
DU5
DWQXO
EBS
EFJIC
EFKBS
EFLBG
EJD
EO8
EO9
EP2
EP3
F5P
FDB
FEDTE
FGOYB
FIRID
FNPLU
FYGXN
FYUFA
G-2
G-Q
GBLVA
GNUQQ
HCIFZ
HEB
HMCUK
HMK
HMO
HVGLF
HZ~
IHE
J1W
K-O
KOM
L7B
M1P
M29
M2P
M2Q
M41
MJL
MO0
N9A
O-L
O9-
OAUVE
OA~
OL0
OZT
P-8
P-9
P2P
PC.
PHGZM
PHGZT
PJZUB
PPXIY
PQQKQ
PROAC
PSQYO
Q2X
Q38
R2-
ROL
RPZ
RWL
S0X
SAE
SDF
SDG
SEL
SES
SEW
SPCBC
SSH
SSZ
T5K
TAE
UKHRP
UNMZH
WH7
WUQ
X7M
Z5R
ZGI
~G-
~HD
3V.
AACTN
AFCTW
AFKWA
AJOXV
ALIPV
AMFUW
RIG
AAIAV
ABLVK
ABYKQ
AHPSJ
AJBFU
LCYCR
ZA5
9DU
AAYXX
AFFHD
CITATION
AGCQF
AGRNS
CGR
CUY
CVF
ECM
EIF
NPM
7X8
ID FETCH-LOGICAL-c564t-dfc501619ba5bcf804926b730a77d6d8b38972b59e9723802d89cddda7b9ba893
ISICitedReferencesCount 181
ISICitedReferencesURI http://www.webofscience.com/api/gateway?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=Summon&SrcAuth=ProQuest&DestLinkType=CitingArticles&DestApp=WOS_CPL&KeyUT=000354343100008&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
ISSN 0022-0736
1532-8430
IngestDate Sun Sep 28 00:53:49 EDT 2025
Mon Jul 21 05:57:23 EDT 2025
Sat Nov 29 07:26:59 EST 2025
Tue Nov 18 22:18:54 EST 2025
Fri Feb 23 02:29:00 EST 2024
Sun Feb 23 10:19:29 EST 2025
Tue Oct 14 19:29:56 EDT 2025
IsPeerReviewed true
IsScholarly true
Issue 3
Keywords ECG
Preparticipation exam
Cardiovascular screening
Athlete
Sudden cardiac death
Language English
License Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
LinkModel OpenURL
MergedId FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c564t-dfc501619ba5bcf804926b730a77d6d8b38972b59e9723802d89cddda7b9ba893
Notes ObjectType-Article-1
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
ObjectType-Feature-2
ObjectType-Review-3
content type line 23
ObjectType-Undefined-4
ORCID 0000-0002-3670-6609
PMID 25701104
PQID 1677882256
PQPubID 23479
PageCount 10
ParticipantIDs proquest_miscellaneous_1677882256
pubmed_primary_25701104
crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_jelectrocard_2015_02_001
crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jelectrocard_2015_02_001
elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_jelectrocard_2015_02_001
elsevier_clinicalkeyesjournals_1_s2_0_S0022073615000497
elsevier_clinicalkey_doi_10_1016_j_jelectrocard_2015_02_001
PublicationCentury 2000
PublicationDate 2015-05-01
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD 2015-05-01
PublicationDate_xml – month: 05
  year: 2015
  text: 2015-05-01
  day: 01
PublicationDecade 2010
PublicationPlace United States
PublicationPlace_xml – name: United States
PublicationTitle Journal of electrocardiology
PublicationTitleAlternate J Electrocardiol
PublicationYear 2015
Publisher Elsevier Inc
Publisher_xml – name: Elsevier Inc
References Drezner (bb0045) 2008; 23
Drezner, Levine, Vetter (bb0050) 2013; 10
Rao, Salerno, Asif, Drezner (bb0255) 2014; 6
Harbord, Deeks, Egger, Whiting, Sterne (bb0070) 2007; 8
Papadakis, Carre, Kervio, Rawlins, Panoulas, Chandra (bb0105) 2011; 32
Wasfy, DeLuca, Wang, Berkstresser, Ackerman, Eisman (bb0220) 2014
Maron, Thompson, Puffer, McGrew, Strong, Douglas (bb0060) 1996; 94
Bille, Figueiras, Schamasch, Kappenberger, Brenner, Meijboom (bb0210) 2006; 13
de Noronha, Sharma, Papadakis, Desai, Whyte, Sheppard (bb0305) 2009; 95
Zeltser, Cannon, Silvana, Fenrich, George, Schleifer (bb0115) 2012; 110
Maron, Shirani, Poliac, Mathenge, Roberts, Mueller (bb0245) 1996; 276
Magalski, McCoy, Zabel, Magee, Goeke, Main (bb0200) 2011; 124
Harmon, Asif, Klossner, Drezner (bb0035) 2011; 123
Deligiannis, Kouidi, Koutlianos, Karagiannis, Anifanti, Tsorbatzoglou (bb0205) 2014; 55
Basso, Maron, Corrado, Thiene (bb0315) 2000; 35
Mesihovic-Dinarevic, Kulic, Kreso (bb0135) 2010; 10
Pickham, Zarafshar, Sani, Kumar, Froelicher (bb0225) 2014; 47
Schmied, Di Paolo, Zerguini, Dvorak, Pelliccia (bb0120) 2013; 47
Ryan, Cleland, French, Joshi, Choudhury, Chojnowska (bb0290) 1995; 76
Steinvil, Chundadze, Zeltser, Rogowski, Halkin, Galily (bb0055) 2011; 57
Rowin, Maron, Appelbaum, Link, Gibson, Lesser (bb0085) 2012; 110
Eckart, Shry, Burke, McNear, Appel, Castillo-Rojas (bb0280) 2011; 58
Bessem, de Bruijn, Nieuwland (bb0215) 2014
Guntheroth (bb0250) 2009; 104
Heron, Cupples (bb0095) 2014; 6
Grazioli, Merino, Montserrat, Vidal, Azqueta, Pare (bb0090) 2014; 67
Eckart, Scoville, Campbell, Shry, Stajduhar, Potter (bb0275) 2004; 141
Ljungqvist, Jenoure, Engebretsen, Alonso, Bahr, Clough (bb0015) 2009; 43
Riding, Salah, Sharma, Carre, George, Farooq (bb0125) 2014; 48
Assanelli, Levaggi, Carre, Sharma, Deligiannis, Mellwig (bb0185) 2014
Corrado, Basso, Rizzoli, Schiavon, Thiene (bb0300) 2003; 42
Fudge, Harmon, Owens, Prutkin, Salerno, Asif (bb0170) 2014; 48
Riding, Sharma, Salah, Khalil, Carre, George (bb0100) 2013
Fuller, McNulty, Spring, Arger, Bruce, Chryssos (bb0175) 1997; 29
Margey, Roy, Tobin, O'Keane, McGorrian, Morris (bb0285) 2011; 13
Corrado, Pelliccia, Bjornstad, Vanhees, Biffi, Borjesson (bb0010) 2005; 26
Sheikh, Papadakis, Ghani, Zaidi, Gati, Adami (bb0235) 2014; 129
Ng, Chee, Ling, Lee, Ching, Chua (bb0075) 2011; 13
Puranik, Chow, Duflou, Kilborn, McGuire (bb0270) 2005; 2
Corrado, Basso, Pavei, Michieli, Schiavon, Thiene (bb0030) 2006; 296
Efthimiadis, Mezilis, Meditskou, Giannakoulas, Karvounis, Pliakos (bb0145) 2009; 19
Maron, Thompson, Ackerman, Balady, Berger, Cohen (bb0025) 2007; 115
Holst, Winkel, Theilade, Kristensen, Thomsen, Ottesen (bb0265) 2010; 7
Yim, Basilico, Corrado (bb0140) 2014; 33
Wilson, Basavarajaiah, Whyte, Cox, Loosemore, Sharma (bb0155) 2008; 42
Exeter, Elley, Fulcher, Lee, Drezner, Asif (bb0230) 2014; 48
Koch, Cassel, Linne, Mayer, Scharhag (bb0080) 2012; 21
Snoek, Jongman, Brandon, Berkel, Hof (bb0150) 2013
Alattar, Ghani, Mahdy, Hussain, Maffulli (bb0180) 2014; 9
Wilson, Chatard, Carre, Hamilton, Whyte, Sharma (bb0160) 2012; 46
Harbord, Whiting, Sterne, Egger, Deeks, Shang (bb0065) 2008; 61
Hevia, Fernandez, Palacio, Martin, Castro, Reguero (bb0190) 2011; 45
Corrado, Pelliccia, Heidbuchel, Sharma, Link, Basso (bb0320) 2010; 31
Suarez-Mier, Aguilera, Mosquera, Sanchez-de-Leon (bb0310) 2013; 226
Marek, Bufalino, Davis, Marek, Gami, Stephan (bb0110) 2011; 8
Menafoglio, Di Valentino, Segatto, Siragusa, Pezzoli, Maggi (bb0240) 2014; 48
Maron, Roberts, Epstein (bb0295) 1982; 65
Maron, Doerer, Haas, Tierney, Mueller (bb0040) 2009; 119
Anderson, Grenier, Edwards, Madsen, Czosek, Spar (bb0165) 2014; 114
Baggish, Hutter, Wang, Yared, Weiner, Kupperman (bb0195) 2010; 152
(bb0005) 2010
Maron, Friedman, Kligfield, Levine, Viskin, Chaitman (bb0020) 2014; 64
Corrado, Basso, Schiavon, Thiene (bb0130) 1998; 339
Harmon, Drezner, Maleszewski, Lopez-Anderson, Owens, Prutkin (bb0260) 2014; 7
Harbord (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0070) 2007; 8
Wilson (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0155) 2008; 42
Fudge (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0170) 2014; 48
Margey (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0285) 2011; 13
Harbord (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0065) 2008; 61
Wasfy (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0220) 2014
Zeltser (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0115) 2012; 110
Rao (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0255) 2014; 6
Maron (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0025) 2007; 115
Puranik (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0270) 2005; 2
Corrado (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0320) 2010; 31
Snoek (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0150) 2013
Yim (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0140) 2014; 33
Harmon (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0260) 2014; 7
Suarez-Mier (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0310) 2013; 226
Ljungqvist (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0015) 2009; 43
Maron (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0245) 1996; 276
Riding (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0100) 2013
Riding (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0125) 2014; 48
Corrado (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0010) 2005; 26
Drezner (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0050) 2013; 10
Wilson (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0160) 2012; 46
Pickham (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0225) 2014; 47
Anderson (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0165) 2014; 114
de Noronha (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0305) 2009; 95
Marek (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0110) 2011; 8
Holst (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0265) 2010; 7
Alattar (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0180) 2014; 9
Corrado (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0300) 2003; 42
Koch (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0080) 2012; 21
Mesihovic-Dinarevic (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0135) 2010; 10
Eckart (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0275) 2004; 141
Assanelli (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0185) 2014
Bessem (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0215) 2014
Corrado (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0030) 2006; 296
Corrado (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0130) 1998; 339
Deligiannis (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0205) 2014; 55
Eckart (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0280) 2011; 58
Rowin (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0085) 2012; 110
(10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0005) 2010
Steinvil (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0055) 2011; 57
Hevia (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0190) 2011; 45
Papadakis (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0105) 2011; 32
Efthimiadis (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0145) 2009; 19
Sheikh (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0235) 2014; 129
Maron (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0295) 1982; 65
Drezner (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0045) 2008; 23
Guntheroth (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0250) 2009; 104
Ng (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0075) 2011; 13
Schmied (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0120) 2013; 47
Menafoglio (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0240) 2014; 48
Heron (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0095) 2014; 6
Maron (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0040) 2009; 119
Exeter (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0230) 2014; 48
Fuller (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0175) 1997; 29
Baggish (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0195) 2010; 152
Harmon (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0035) 2011; 123
Grazioli (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0090) 2014; 67
Maron (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0020) 2014; 64
Maron (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0060) 1996; 94
Magalski (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0200) 2011; 124
Basso (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0315) 2000; 35
Bille (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0210) 2006; 13
Ryan (10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0290) 1995; 76
26231691 - J Electrocardiol. 2015 Sep-Oct;48(5):915-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.06.001.
References_xml – volume: 114
  start-page: 1763
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1767
  ident: bb0165
  article-title: Usefulness of combined history, physical examination, electrocardiogram, and limited echocardiogram in screening adolescent athletes for risk for sudden cardiac death
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
– volume: 42
  start-page: 1959
  year: 2003
  end-page: 1963
  ident: bb0300
  article-title: Does sports activity enhance the risk of sudden death in adolescents and young adults?
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
– volume: 10
  start-page: 227
  year: 2010
  end-page: 233
  ident: bb0135
  article-title: Cardiovascular screening in young athletes in Sarajevo Canton
  publication-title: Bosn J Basic Med Sci
– volume: 339
  start-page: 364
  year: 1998
  end-page: 369
  ident: bb0130
  article-title: Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
– volume: 124
  start-page: 511
  year: 2011
  end-page: 518
  ident: bb0200
  article-title: Cardiovascular screening with electrocardiography and echocardiography in collegiate athletes
  publication-title: Am J Med
– volume: 115
  start-page: 1643
  year: 2007
  end-page: 1645
  ident: bb0025
  article-title: Recommendations and considerations related to preparticipation screening for cardiovascular abnormalities in competitive athletes: 2007 update: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism: Endorsed by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
  publication-title: Circulation
– volume: 55
  start-page: 32
  year: 2014
  end-page: 41
  ident: bb0205
  article-title: Eighteen years' experience applying old and current strategies in the pre-participation cardiovascular screening of athletes
  publication-title: Hellenic J Cardiol
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1172
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1178
  ident: bb0170
  article-title: Cardiovascular screening in adolescents and young adults: A prospective study comparing the pre-participation physical evaluation monograph 4th edition and ECG
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1277
  year: 2005
  end-page: 1282
  ident: bb0270
  article-title: Sudden death in the young
  publication-title: Heart Rhythm
– volume: 6
  start-page: 5
  year: 2014
  ident: bb0095
  article-title: The health profile of football/soccer players in Northern Ireland — A review of the UEFA pre-participation medical screening procedure
  publication-title: BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1157
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1161
  ident: bb0240
  article-title: Costs and yield of a 15-month preparticipation cardiovascular examination with ECG in 1070 young athletes in Switzerland: Implications for routine ECG screening
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 13
  start-page: 883
  year: 2011
  end-page: 888
  ident: bb0075
  article-title: Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy on an electrocardiogram-based pre-participation screening programme in a young male South-East Asian population: Results from the Singapore Armed Forces Electrocardiogram and Echocardiogram screening protocol
  publication-title: Europace
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1167
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1171
  ident: bb0230
  article-title: Standardised criteria improve accuracy of ECG interpretation in competitive athletes: A randomised controlled trial
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 94
  start-page: 850
  year: 1996
  end-page: 856
  ident: bb0060
  article-title: Cardiovascular preparticipation screening of competitive athletes. A statement for health professionals from the Sudden Death Committee (clinical cardiology) and Congenital Cardiac Defects Committee (cardiovascular disease in the young), American Heart Association
  publication-title: Circulation
– volume: 46
  start-page: 341
  year: 2012
  end-page: 347
  ident: bb0160
  article-title: Prevalence of electrocardiographic abnormalities in West-Asian and African male athletes
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 123
  start-page: 1594
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1600
  ident: bb0035
  article-title: Incidence of sudden cardiac death in National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes
  publication-title: Circulation
– year: 2013
  ident: bb0100
  article-title: Systematic echocardiography is not efficacious when screening an ethnically diverse cohort of athletes in West Asia
  publication-title: Eur J Prev Cardiol
– volume: 6
  start-page: 326
  year: 2014
  end-page: 332
  ident: bb0255
  article-title: Evaluation and management of Wolff-Parkinson-White in athletes
  publication-title: Sports Health
– volume: 32
  start-page: 2304
  year: 2011
  end-page: 2313
  ident: bb0105
  article-title: The prevalence, distribution, and clinical outcomes of electrocardiographic repolarization patterns in male athletes of African/Afro-Caribbean origin
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1493
  year: 2000
  end-page: 1501
  ident: bb0315
  article-title: Clinical profile of congenital coronary artery anomalies with origin from the wrong aortic sinus leading to sudden death in young competitive athletes
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
– volume: 19
  start-page: 297
  year: 2009
  end-page: 298
  ident: bb0145
  article-title: Preparticipation cardiovascular screening in competitive athletes: The case in a Greek population
  publication-title: Scand J Med Sci Sports
– volume: 47
  start-page: 769
  year: 2014
  end-page: 774
  ident: bb0225
  article-title: Comparison of three ECG criteria for athlete pre-participation screening
  publication-title: J Electrocardiol
– volume: 119
  start-page: 1085
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1092
  ident: bb0040
  article-title: Sudden deaths in young competitive athletes. Analysis of 1866 deaths in the United States, 1980–2006
  publication-title: Circulation
– volume: 110
  start-page: 1027
  year: 2012
  end-page: 1032
  ident: bb0085
  article-title: Significance of false negative electrocardiograms in preparticipation screening of athletes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
– volume: 47
  start-page: 579
  year: 2013
  end-page: 584
  ident: bb0120
  article-title: Screening athletes for cardiovascular disease in Africa: A challenging experience
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 64
  start-page: 1479
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1514
  ident: bb0020
  article-title: Assessment of the 12-lead electrocardiogram as a screening test for detection of cardiovascular disease in healthy general populations of young people (12–25 years of age): A scientific statement from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
– volume: 31
  start-page: 243
  year: 2010
  end-page: 259
  ident: bb0320
  article-title: Recommendations for interpretation of 12-lead electrocardiogram in the athlete
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
– year: 2014
  ident: bb0220
  article-title: ECG findings in competitive rowers: Normative data and the prevalence of abnormalities using contemporary screening recommendations
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 43
  start-page: 631
  year: 2009
  end-page: 643
  ident: bb0015
  article-title: The International Olympic Committee (IOC) Consensus Statement on periodic health evaluation of elite athletes March 2009
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 8
  start-page: 239
  year: 2007
  end-page: 251
  ident: bb0070
  article-title: A unification of models for meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies
  publication-title: Biostatistics
– volume: 13
  start-page: 1411
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1418
  ident: bb0285
  article-title: Sudden cardiac death in 14- to 35-year olds in Ireland from 2005 to 2007: A retrospective registry
  publication-title: Europace
– volume: 10
  start-page: 454
  year: 2013
  end-page: 455
  ident: bb0050
  article-title: Reframing the debate: Screening athletes to prevent sudden cardiac death
  publication-title: Heart Rhythm
– volume: 110
  start-page: 902
  year: 2012
  end-page: 908
  ident: bb0115
  article-title: Lessons learned from preparticipation cardiovascular screening in a state funded program
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
– volume: 276
  start-page: 199
  year: 1996
  end-page: 204
  ident: bb0245
  article-title: Sudden death in young competitive athletes. Clinical, demographic, and pathological profiles
  publication-title: JAMA
– volume: 33
  start-page: 307
  year: 2014
  end-page: 313
  ident: bb0140
  article-title: Early screening for cardiovascular abnormalities with preparticipation echocardiography: Utility of focused physician-operated echocardiography in preparticipation screening of athletes
  publication-title: J Ultrasound Med
– volume: 26
  start-page: 516
  year: 2005
  end-page: 524
  ident: bb0010
  article-title: Cardiovascular pre-participation screening of young competitive athletes for prevention of sudden death: Proposal for a common European protocol. Consensus Statement of the Study Group of Sport Cardiology of the Working Group of Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology and the Working Group of Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
– volume: 226
  start-page: 188
  year: 2013
  end-page: 196
  ident: bb0310
  article-title: Pathology of sudden death during recreational sports in Spain
  publication-title: Forensic Sci Int
– volume: 42
  start-page: 207
  year: 2008
  end-page: 211
  ident: bb0155
  article-title: Efficacy of personal symptom and family history questionnaires when screening for inherited cardiac pathologies: The role of electrocardiography
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 29
  start-page: 1131
  year: 1997
  end-page: 1138
  ident: bb0175
  article-title: Prospective screening of 5,615 high school athletes for risk of sudden cardiac death
  publication-title: Med Sci Sports Exerc
– year: 2014
  ident: bb0185
  article-title: Cost-effectiveness of pre-participation screening of athletes with ECG in Europe and Algeria
  publication-title: Intern Emerg Med
– volume: 104
  start-page: 735
  year: 2009
  end-page: 737
  ident: bb0250
  article-title: Innocent murmurs: A suspect diagnosis in non-pregnant adults
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
– volume: 152
  start-page: 269
  year: 2010
  end-page: 275
  ident: bb0195
  article-title: Cardiovascular screening in college athletes with and without electrocardiography: A cross-sectional study
  publication-title: Ann Intern Med
– volume: 13
  start-page: 859
  year: 2006
  end-page: 875
  ident: bb0210
  article-title: Sudden cardiac death in athletes: The Lausanne recommendations
  publication-title: Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil
– volume: 23
  start-page: 494
  year: 2008
  end-page: 501
  ident: bb0045
  article-title: Contemporary approaches to the identification of athletes at risk for sudden cardiac death
  publication-title: Curr Opin Cardiol
– year: 2014
  ident: bb0215
  article-title: The ECG of high-level junior soccer players: Comparing the ESC vs. the Seattle criteria
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 95
  start-page: 1409
  year: 2009
  end-page: 1414
  ident: bb0305
  article-title: Aetiology of sudden cardiac death in athletes in the United Kingdom: A pathological study
  publication-title: Heart
– volume: 21
  start-page: 774
  year: 2012
  end-page: 781
  ident: bb0080
  article-title: ECG and echocardiographic findings in 10–15-year-old elite athletes
  publication-title: Eur J Prev Cardiol
– volume: 45
  start-page: 776
  year: 2011
  end-page: 779
  ident: bb0190
  article-title: ECG as a part of the preparticipation screening programme: An old and still present international dilemma
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 61
  start-page: 1095
  year: 2008
  end-page: 1103
  ident: bb0065
  article-title: An empirical comparison of methods for meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy showed hierarchical models are necessary
  publication-title: J Clin Epidemiol
– volume: 65
  start-page: 1388
  year: 1982
  end-page: 1394
  ident: bb0295
  article-title: Sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A profile of 78 patients
  publication-title: Circulation
– volume: 8
  start-page: 1555
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1559
  ident: bb0110
  article-title: Feasibility and findings of large-scale electrocardiographic screening in young adults: Data from 32,561 subjects
  publication-title: Heart Rhythm
– volume: 58
  start-page: 1254
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1261
  ident: bb0280
  article-title: Sudden death in young adults: An autopsy-based series of a population undergoing active surveillance
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
– volume: 67
  start-page: 701
  year: 2014
  end-page: 705
  ident: bb0090
  article-title: Usefulness of echocardiography in preparticipation screening of competitive athletes
  publication-title: Rev Esp Cardiol
– volume: 76
  start-page: 689
  year: 1995
  end-page: 694
  ident: bb0290
  article-title: The standard electrocardiogram as a screening test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
– volume: 7
  start-page: 198
  year: 2014
  end-page: 204
  ident: bb0260
  article-title: Pathogeneses of sudden cardiac death in National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes
  publication-title: Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol
– volume: 141
  start-page: 829
  year: 2004
  end-page: 834
  ident: bb0275
  article-title: Sudden death in young adults: A 25-year review of autopsies in military recruits
  publication-title: Ann Intern Med
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1138
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1143
  ident: bb0125
  article-title: ECG and morphologic adaptations in Arabic athletes: Are the European Society of Cardiology's recommendations for the interpretation of the 12-lead ECG appropriate for this ethnicity?
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 9
  start-page: 43
  year: 2014
  end-page: 49
  ident: bb0180
  article-title: Pre-participation musculoskeletal and cardiac screening of male athletes in the United Arab Emirates
  publication-title: Transl Med UniSa
– volume: 129
  start-page: 1637
  year: 2014
  end-page: 1649
  ident: bb0235
  article-title: Comparison of electrocardiographic criteria for the detection of cardiac abnormalities in elite black and white athletes
  publication-title: Circulation
– volume: 296
  start-page: 1593
  year: 2006
  end-page: 1601
  ident: bb0030
  article-title: Trends in sudden cardiovascular death in young competitive athletes after implementation of a preparticipation screening program
  publication-title: JAMA
– volume: 57
  start-page: 1291
  year: 2011
  end-page: 1296
  ident: bb0055
  article-title: Mandatory electrocardiographic screening of athletes to reduce their risk for sudden death proven fact or wishful thinking?
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
– volume: 7
  start-page: 1365
  year: 2010
  end-page: 1371
  ident: bb0265
  article-title: Incidence and etiology of sports-related sudden cardiac death in Denmark — Implications for preparticipation screening
  publication-title: Heart Rhythm
– year: 2010
  ident: bb0005
  article-title: Preparticipation physical evaluation
– year: 2013
  ident: bb0150
  article-title: Performance of the Lausanne questionnaire and the 2010 European Society of Cardiology criteria for ECG interpretation in athletes
  publication-title: Eur J Prev Cardiol
– volume: 2
  start-page: 1277
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0270
  article-title: Sudden death in the young
  publication-title: Heart Rhythm
  doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2005.09.008
– volume: 42
  start-page: 207
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0155
  article-title: Efficacy of personal symptom and family history questionnaires when screening for inherited cardiac pathologies: The role of electrocardiography
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2007.039420
– year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0220
  article-title: ECG findings in competitive rowers: Normative data and the prevalence of abnormalities using contemporary screening recommendations
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 76
  start-page: 689
  year: 1995
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0290
  article-title: The standard electrocardiogram as a screening test for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/S0002-9149(99)80198-2
– volume: 32
  start-page: 2304
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0105
  article-title: The prevalence, distribution, and clinical outcomes of electrocardiographic repolarization patterns in male athletes of African/Afro-Caribbean origin
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
  doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr140
– volume: 13
  start-page: 859
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0210
  article-title: Sudden cardiac death in athletes: The Lausanne recommendations
  publication-title: Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil
  doi: 10.1097/01.hjr.0000238397.50341.4a
– volume: 10
  start-page: 454
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0050
  article-title: Reframing the debate: Screening athletes to prevent sudden cardiac death
  publication-title: Heart Rhythm
  doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2012.12.037
– volume: 47
  start-page: 579
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0120
  article-title: Screening athletes for cardiovascular disease in Africa: A challenging experience
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091803
– volume: 226
  start-page: 188
  year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0310
  article-title: Pathology of sudden death during recreational sports in Spain
  publication-title: Forensic Sci Int
  doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.01.016
– volume: 110
  start-page: 1027
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0085
  article-title: Significance of false negative electrocardiograms in preparticipation screening of athletes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.05.035
– volume: 7
  start-page: 1365
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0265
  article-title: Incidence and etiology of sports-related sudden cardiac death in Denmark — Implications for preparticipation screening
  publication-title: Heart Rhythm
  doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2010.05.021
– volume: 13
  start-page: 883
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0075
  article-title: Prevalence of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy on an electrocardiogram-based pre-participation screening programme in a young male South-East Asian population: Results from the Singapore Armed Forces Electrocardiogram and Echocardiogram screening protocol
  publication-title: Europace
  doi: 10.1093/europace/eur051
– volume: 141
  start-page: 829
  year: 2004
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0275
  article-title: Sudden death in young adults: A 25-year review of autopsies in military recruits
  publication-title: Ann Intern Med
  doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-141-11-200412070-00005
– volume: 9
  start-page: 43
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0180
  article-title: Pre-participation musculoskeletal and cardiac screening of male athletes in the United Arab Emirates
  publication-title: Transl Med UniSa
– volume: 95
  start-page: 1409
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0305
  article-title: Aetiology of sudden cardiac death in athletes in the United Kingdom: A pathological study
  publication-title: Heart
  doi: 10.1136/hrt.2009.168369
– volume: 8
  start-page: 1555
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0110
  article-title: Feasibility and findings of large-scale electrocardiographic screening in young adults: Data from 32,561 subjects
  publication-title: Heart Rhythm
  doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.04.024
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1157
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0240
  article-title: Costs and yield of a 15-month preparticipation cardiovascular examination with ECG in 1070 young athletes in Switzerland: Implications for routine ECG screening
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-092929
– volume: 64
  start-page: 1479
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0020
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.05.006
– volume: 47
  start-page: 769
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0225
  article-title: Comparison of three ECG criteria for athlete pre-participation screening
  publication-title: J Electrocardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2014.07.019
– volume: 21
  start-page: 774
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0080
  article-title: ECG and echocardiographic findings in 10–15-year-old elite athletes
  publication-title: Eur J Prev Cardiol
  doi: 10.1177/2047487312462147
– volume: 115
  start-page: 1643
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0025
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.181423
– volume: 23
  start-page: 494
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0045
  article-title: Contemporary approaches to the identification of athletes at risk for sudden cardiac death
  publication-title: Curr Opin Cardiol
  doi: 10.1097/HCO.0b013e32830b3624
– volume: 55
  start-page: 32
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0205
  article-title: Eighteen years' experience applying old and current strategies in the pre-participation cardiovascular screening of athletes
  publication-title: Hellenic J Cardiol
– volume: 104
  start-page: 735
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0250
  article-title: Innocent murmurs: A suspect diagnosis in non-pregnant adults
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.04.031
– volume: 119
  start-page: 1085
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0040
  article-title: Sudden deaths in young competitive athletes. Analysis of 1866 deaths in the United States, 1980–2006
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.804617
– volume: 57
  start-page: 1291
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0055
  article-title: Mandatory electrocardiographic screening of athletes to reduce their risk for sudden death proven fact or wishful thinking?
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.10.037
– volume: 61
  start-page: 1095
  year: 2008
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0065
  article-title: An empirical comparison of methods for meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy showed hierarchical models are necessary
  publication-title: J Clin Epidemiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.09.013
– volume: 19
  start-page: 297
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0145
  article-title: Preparticipation cardiovascular screening in competitive athletes: The case in a Greek population
  publication-title: Scand J Med Sci Sports
  doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00876.x
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0150
  article-title: Performance of the Lausanne questionnaire and the 2010 European Society of Cardiology criteria for ECG interpretation in athletes
  publication-title: Eur J Prev Cardiol
– year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0215
  article-title: The ECG of high-level junior soccer players: Comparing the ESC vs. the Seattle criteria
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
– volume: 276
  start-page: 199
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0245
  article-title: Sudden death in young competitive athletes. Clinical, demographic, and pathological profiles
  publication-title: JAMA
  doi: 10.1001/jama.1996.03540030033028
– volume: 33
  start-page: 307
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0140
  article-title: Early screening for cardiovascular abnormalities with preparticipation echocardiography: Utility of focused physician-operated echocardiography in preparticipation screening of athletes
  publication-title: J Ultrasound Med
  doi: 10.7863/ultra.33.2.307
– volume: 43
  start-page: 631
  year: 2009
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0015
  article-title: The International Olympic Committee (IOC) Consensus Statement on periodic health evaluation of elite athletes March 2009
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2009.064394
– volume: 152
  start-page: 269
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0195
  article-title: Cardiovascular screening in college athletes with and without electrocardiography: A cross-sectional study
  publication-title: Ann Intern Med
  doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-152-5-201003020-00004
– volume: 46
  start-page: 341
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0160
  article-title: Prevalence of electrocardiographic abnormalities in West-Asian and African male athletes
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2010.082743
– volume: 124
  start-page: 511
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0200
  article-title: Cardiovascular screening with electrocardiography and echocardiography in collegiate athletes
  publication-title: Am J Med
  doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.01.009
– volume: 67
  start-page: 701
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0090
  article-title: Usefulness of echocardiography in preparticipation screening of competitive athletes
  publication-title: Rev Esp Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.recesp.2013.11.023
– volume: 13
  start-page: 1411
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0285
  article-title: Sudden cardiac death in 14- to 35-year olds in Ireland from 2005 to 2007: A retrospective registry
  publication-title: Europace
  doi: 10.1093/europace/eur161
– year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0005
– volume: 296
  start-page: 1593
  year: 2006
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0030
  article-title: Trends in sudden cardiovascular death in young competitive athletes after implementation of a preparticipation screening program
  publication-title: JAMA
  doi: 10.1001/jama.296.13.1593
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1172
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0170
  article-title: Cardiovascular screening in adolescents and young adults: A prospective study comparing the pre-participation physical evaluation monograph 4th edition and ECG
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2014-093840
– volume: 94
  start-page: 850
  year: 1996
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0060
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.94.4.850
– volume: 7
  start-page: 198
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0260
  article-title: Pathogeneses of sudden cardiac death in National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes
  publication-title: Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol
  doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.113.001376
– volume: 339
  start-page: 364
  year: 1998
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0130
  article-title: Screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in young athletes
  publication-title: N Engl J Med
  doi: 10.1056/NEJM199808063390602
– volume: 129
  start-page: 1637
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0235
  article-title: Comparison of electrocardiographic criteria for the detection of cardiac abnormalities in elite black and white athletes
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.006179
– volume: 6
  start-page: 326
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0255
  article-title: Evaluation and management of Wolff-Parkinson-White in athletes
  publication-title: Sports Health
  doi: 10.1177/1941738113509059
– volume: 35
  start-page: 1493
  year: 2000
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0315
  article-title: Clinical profile of congenital coronary artery anomalies with origin from the wrong aortic sinus leading to sudden death in young competitive athletes
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00566-0
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1167
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0230
  article-title: Standardised criteria improve accuracy of ECG interpretation in competitive athletes: A randomised controlled trial
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2013-093360
– volume: 45
  start-page: 776
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0190
  article-title: ECG as a part of the preparticipation screening programme: An old and still present international dilemma
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2009.063958
– volume: 31
  start-page: 243
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0320
  article-title: Recommendations for interpretation of 12-lead electrocardiogram in the athlete
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
  doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp473
– volume: 58
  start-page: 1254
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0280
  article-title: Sudden death in young adults: An autopsy-based series of a population undergoing active surveillance
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.01.049
– volume: 10
  start-page: 227
  year: 2010
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0135
  article-title: Cardiovascular screening in young athletes in Sarajevo Canton
  publication-title: Bosn J Basic Med Sci
  doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2010.2692
– year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0185
  article-title: Cost-effectiveness of pre-participation screening of athletes with ECG in Europe and Algeria
  publication-title: Intern Emerg Med
– volume: 123
  start-page: 1594
  year: 2011
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0035
  article-title: Incidence of sudden cardiac death in National Collegiate Athletic Association athletes
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.004622
– volume: 114
  start-page: 1763
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0165
  article-title: Usefulness of combined history, physical examination, electrocardiogram, and limited echocardiogram in screening adolescent athletes for risk for sudden cardiac death
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2014.09.011
– volume: 65
  start-page: 1388
  year: 1982
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0295
  article-title: Sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: A profile of 78 patients
  publication-title: Circulation
  doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.65.7.1388
– volume: 48
  start-page: 1138
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0125
  article-title: ECG and morphologic adaptations in Arabic athletes: Are the European Society of Cardiology's recommendations for the interpretation of the 12-lead ECG appropriate for this ethnicity?
  publication-title: Br J Sports Med
  doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2012-091871
– volume: 6
  start-page: 5
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0095
  article-title: The health profile of football/soccer players in Northern Ireland — A review of the UEFA pre-participation medical screening procedure
  publication-title: BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil
  doi: 10.1186/2052-1847-6-5
– volume: 29
  start-page: 1131
  year: 1997
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0175
  article-title: Prospective screening of 5,615 high school athletes for risk of sudden cardiac death
  publication-title: Med Sci Sports Exerc
  doi: 10.1097/00005768-199709000-00003
– volume: 110
  start-page: 902
  year: 2012
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0115
  article-title: Lessons learned from preparticipation cardiovascular screening in a state funded program
  publication-title: Am J Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2012.05.018
– volume: 8
  start-page: 239
  year: 2007
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0070
  article-title: A unification of models for meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy studies
  publication-title: Biostatistics
  doi: 10.1093/biostatistics/kxl004
– volume: 26
  start-page: 516
  year: 2005
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0010
  publication-title: Eur Heart J
  doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi108
– year: 2013
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0100
  article-title: Systematic echocardiography is not efficacious when screening an ethnically diverse cohort of athletes in West Asia
  publication-title: Eur J Prev Cardiol
– volume: 42
  start-page: 1959
  year: 2003
  ident: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001_bb0300
  article-title: Does sports activity enhance the risk of sudden death in adolescents and young adults?
  publication-title: J Am Coll Cardiol
  doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2003.03.002
– reference: 26231691 - J Electrocardiol. 2015 Sep-Oct;48(5):915-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.06.001.
SSID ssj0009272
Score 2.49084
SecondaryResourceType review_article
Snippet The optimal cardiovascular preparticipation screen is debated. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review/meta-analysis of evidence comparing...
AbstractBackgroundThe optimal cardiovascular preparticipation screen is debated. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review/meta-analysis of...
SourceID proquest
pubmed
crossref
elsevier
SourceType Aggregation Database
Index Database
Enrichment Source
Publisher
StartPage 329
SubjectTerms Athlete
Athletes - classification
Athletes - statistics & numerical data
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular screening
ECG
Electrocardiography - statistics & numerical data
Heart Diseases - diagnosis
Heart Diseases - mortality
Heart Diseases - prevention & control
Humans
Incidence
Mandatory Testing - statistics & numerical data
Medical History Taking - statistics & numerical data
Physical Examination - standards
Physical Examination - statistics & numerical data
Preparticipation exam
Risk Assessment - methods
Sensitivity and Specificity
Sudden cardiac death
Survival Rate
Title The effectiveness of screening history, physical exam, and ECG to detect potentially lethal cardiac disorders in athletes: A systematic review/meta-analysis
URI https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/content/1-s2.0-S0022073615000497
https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S0022073615000497
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2015.02.001
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25701104
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1677882256
Volume 48
WOSCitedRecordID wos000354343100008&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com%2F%23%21%2Fsearch%3Fho%3Df%26include.ft.matches%3Dt%26l%3Dnull%26q%3D
hasFullText 1
inHoldings 1
isFullTextHit
isPrint
journalDatabaseRights – providerCode: PRVESC
  databaseName: Elsevier SD Freedom Collection Journals 2021
  customDbUrl:
  eissn: 1532-8430
  dateEnd: 99991231
  omitProxy: false
  ssIdentifier: ssj0009272
  issn: 0022-0736
  databaseCode: AIEXJ
  dateStart: 19950101
  isFulltext: true
  titleUrlDefault: https://www.sciencedirect.com
  providerName: Elsevier
link http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3bbtNAEF2lKUK8IK4lXKpF4o06xPbaa4N4iEpouVU8FClvlu1dQ6LUiRK3RHwLX8eXMLMXx1GIFIR4iSIrm3U8J7Mzs2fOEvLMF64reJg7WVowh8W572RFyhyUxPWiIhShrxqFP_Kzs2g4jD-3Wr9sL8zVhJdltFzGs_9qargGxsbW2b8wd_2lcAHeg9HhFcwOrzsbXrM0rCODeBCcAySsWBbQAsPq0c6sjeRSwwKL6IPjE4xHhayUqvG0QjpROpngARPVN1QTUZjKcWtH6XYqQq3iZFSaX9ffkIf-Dr_mQlapkxoJlC0hsTmTR82wVu4_TecXmh7wYYQnmMDdnHTrmvfoqynjooNaUY_ezOUP085j9wie97vNMocbrEiFuvZm-2_W6KGqF6GnmxdgNbMuHHw8M7s9xsezqIFlv-GwfVNv0Wu_r5VmNpYVXeEYd8eN54C0wEDrvbqrxbSmOOIuuIe35gYqDeN7ZN_jQRy1yX7_3WD4fiUN7fFa0x4HWGlcxULcNuO2MGpbmqTCpfNb5KYxKu1rfN4mLVneIdc_GSbHXfITYErXYEqnBa1hSg1Mj6gFKUWQHlGAKAWI0mpKNURpA6JUQ5QaiNIaonRUUgvRl7RPVwClGqAv1uB5j3x5Ozg_PnXMSSFOHoSsckSRB5i7xFkaZHkR9VAGM4PFK-VchCLKICznXhbEUh2y1_NEFOdCiJRnMARC9vukXU5L-YBQFnA_hTxAuixjrshSGRas8CPBcsiUiqhDYvvgk9zI6ONpLpPE8iXHSdNoCRot6XlIHu0Qvx4702IyO416Ze2b2HZpWOATAOdOo_mfRsuFcVmLxE0W8MlkA7Ad8roeacJxHWbvPPNTC8YE1izciExLOb2EGVG1EjKTIOyQA43S-nngqZqQkrCH_zj7I3Jj5UYek3Y1v5RPyLX8qhot5odkjw-jQ_NP_A2cXShm
linkProvider Elsevier
openUrl ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+effectiveness+of+screening+history%2C+physical+exam%2C+and+ECG+to+detect+potentially+lethal+cardiac+disorders+in+athletes%3A+A+systematic+review%2Fmeta-analysis&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+electrocardiology&rft.au=Harmon%2C+Kimberly+G.&rft.au=Zigman%2C+Monica&rft.au=Drezner%2C+Jonathan+A.&rft.date=2015-05-01&rft.pub=Elsevier+Inc&rft.issn=0022-0736&rft.eissn=1532-8430&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=329&rft.epage=338&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.jelectrocard.2015.02.001&rft.externalDocID=S0022073615000497
thumbnail_m http://cvtisr.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/image/custom?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.clinicalkey.com%2Fck-thumbnails%2F00220736%2FS0022073614X0004X%2Fcov150h.gif