Regional and landscape-scale variability of Landsat-observed vegetation dynamics in northwest Siberian tundra

Widespread increases in Arctic tundra productivity have been documented for decades using coarse-scale satellite observations, but finer-scale observations indicate that changes have been very uneven, with a high degree of landscape- and regional-scale heterogeneity. Here we analyze time-series of t...

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Vydáno v:Environmental research letters Ročník 9; číslo 2; s. 25004 - 11
Hlavní autoři: Frost, Gerald V, Epstein, Howard E, Walker, Donald A
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:angličtina
Vydáno: Bristol IOP Publishing 2014
Témata:
Alnus
climate change
Geology
Greening
Heterogeneity
Image resolution
Land cover
Landsat
Landsat satellites
normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Normalized difference vegetative index
Permafrost
Productivity
Regional analysis
Remote sensing
Satellite imagery
Satellite observation
shrub expansion
Shrublands
Siberia
Soils
Taiga & tundra
Time series
Tundra
Variability
Vegetation
Vegetation cover
vegetation dynamics
Vegetation index
Arctic region
PN, Arctic
ISSN:1748-9326, 1748-9326
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Abstract Widespread increases in Arctic tundra productivity have been documented for decades using coarse-scale satellite observations, but finer-scale observations indicate that changes have been very uneven, with a high degree of landscape- and regional-scale heterogeneity. Here we analyze time-series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) observed by Landsat (1984-2012), to assess landscape- and regional-scale variability of tundra vegetation dynamics in the northwest Siberian Low Arctic, a little-studied region with varied soils, landscape histories, and permafrost attributes. We also estimate spatio-temporal rates of land-cover change associated with expansion of tall alder (Alnus) shrublands, by integrating Landsat time-series with very-high-resolution imagery dating to the mid-1960s. We compiled Landsat time-series for eleven widely-distributed landscapes, and performed linear regression of NDVI values on a per-pixel basis. We found positive net NDVI trends ('greening') in nine of eleven landscapes. Net greening occurred in alder shrublands in all landscapes, and strong greening tended to correspond to shrublands that developed since the 1960s. Much of the spatial variability of greening within landscapes was linked to landscape physiography and permafrost attributes, while between-landscape variability largely corresponded to differences in surficial geology. We conclude that continued increases in tundra productivity in the region are likely in upland tundra landscapes with fine-textured, cryoturbated soils; these areas currently tend to support discontinuous vegetation cover, but are highly susceptible to rapid increases in vegetation cover, as well as land-cover changes associated with the development of tall shrublands.
AbstractList Widespread increases in Arctic tundra productivity have been documented for decades using coarse-scale satellite observations, but finer-scale observations indicate that changes have been very uneven, with a high degree of landscape- and regional-scale heterogeneity. Here we analyze time-series of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) observed by Landsat (1984–2012), to assess landscape- and regional-scale variability of tundra vegetation dynamics in the northwest Siberian Low Arctic, a little-studied region with varied soils, landscape histories, and permafrost attributes. We also estimate spatio-temporal rates of land-cover change associated with expansion of tall alder (Alnus) shrublands, by integrating Landsat time-series with very-high-resolution imagery dating to the mid-1960s. We compiled Landsat time-series for eleven widely-distributed landscapes, and performed linear regression of NDVI values on a per-pixel basis. We found positive net NDVI trends (‘greening’) in nine of eleven landscapes. Net greening occurred in alder shrublands in all landscapes, and strong greening tended to correspond to shrublands that developed since the 1960s. Much of the spatial variability of greening within landscapes was linked to landscape physiography and permafrost attributes, while between-landscape variability largely corresponded to differences in surficial geology. We conclude that continued increases in tundra productivity in the region are likely in upland tundra landscapes with fine-textured, cryoturbated soils; these areas currently tend to support discontinuous vegetation cover, but are highly susceptible to rapid increases in vegetation cover, as well as land-cover changes associated with the development of tall shrublands.
Author Epstein, Howard E
Walker, Donald A
Frost, Gerald V
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Gerald V
  surname: Frost
  fullname: Frost, Gerald V
  email: gvf5y@virginia.edu, jfrost@abrinc.com
  organization: University of Virginia Department of Environmental Sciences, PO Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Howard E
  surname: Epstein
  fullname: Epstein, Howard E
  email: hee2b@virginia.edu
  organization: University of Virginia Department of Environmental Sciences, PO Box 400123, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
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  givenname: Donald A
  surname: Walker
  fullname: Walker, Donald A
  email: dawalker@alaska.edu
  organization: University of Alaska Alaska Geobotany Center, PO Box 757000, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
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Snippet Widespread increases in Arctic tundra productivity have been documented for decades using coarse-scale satellite observations, but finer-scale observations...
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SubjectTerms Alnus
climate change
Geology
Greening
Heterogeneity
Image resolution
Land cover
Landsat
Landsat satellites
normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Normalized difference vegetative index
Permafrost
Productivity
Regional analysis
Remote sensing
Satellite imagery
Satellite observation
shrub expansion
Shrublands
Siberia
Soils
Taiga & tundra
Time series
Tundra
Variability
Vegetation
Vegetation cover
vegetation dynamics
Vegetation index
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Title Regional and landscape-scale variability of Landsat-observed vegetation dynamics in northwest Siberian tundra
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