Invariant natural killer T cells in adipose tissue: novel regulators of immune-mediated metabolic disease

Adipose tissue (AT) represents a microenvironment where intersection takes place between immune processes and metabolic pathways. A variety of immune cells have been characterized in AT over the past decades, with the most recent addition of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. As members of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS Vol. 70; no. 24; pp. 4711 - 4727
Main Authors: Rakhshandehroo, M, Kalkhoven, E, Boes, M
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel Springer-Verlag 01.12.2013
Springer Basel
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - immunology
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Animals
Antigen Presentation
Antigens, CD1d - metabolism
biochemical pathways
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Body fat
Cell Biology
Diabetes
Homeostasis
Humans
immune response
Immune system
Immunoregulation
Infectious diseases
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - metabolism
Insulin resistance
Insulin Resistance - immunology
Invariants
Life Sciences
Lipids - immunology
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Macrophages - immunology
Malignancy
metabolic diseases
Metabolic Diseases - immunology
Metabolic Diseases - metabolism
Metabolic disorders
Metabolic pathways
Mice
Microenvironments
Models, Immunological
Natural killer cells
Natural Killer T-Cells - immunology
Natural Killer T-Cells - metabolism
Obesity
Obesity - immunology
Obesity - metabolism
Review
T-lymphocytes
T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory - immunology
Type II diabetes
Obesity
Insulin resistance
Invariant natural killer T cells
Immune regulation
Adipose tissue
ISSN:1420-682X, 1420-9071, 1420-9071
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Adipose tissue (AT) represents a microenvironment where intersection takes place between immune processes and metabolic pathways. A variety of immune cells have been characterized in AT over the past decades, with the most recent addition of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. As members of the T cell family, iNKT cells represent a subset that exhibits both innate and adaptive characteristics and directs ensuing immune responses. In disease conditions, iNKT cells have established roles that include disorders in the autoimmune spectrum in malignancies and infectious diseases. Recent work supports a role for iNKT cells in the maintenance of AT homeostasis through both immune and metabolic pathways. The deficiency of iNKT cells can result in AT metabolic disruptions and insulin resistance. In this review, we summarize recent work on iNKT cells in immune regulation, with an emphasis on AT-resident iNKT cells, and identify the potential mechanisms by which adipocytes can mediate iNKT cell activity.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-013-1414-1
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ISSN:1420-682X
1420-9071
1420-9071
DOI:10.1007/s00018-013-1414-1