Fetal intrauterine whole body linoleic, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid contents and accretion rates

There is no information on the whole body fatty acid (FA) contents of preterm or term infants, although scattered information on the FA-composition of many organs is available. We collected data on the weights, lipid contents and FA-compositions of the quantitatively most important fetal organs of a...

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Published in:	Prostaglandins, leukotrienes and essential fatty acids Vol. 86; no. 1; pp. 13 - 20
Main Authors:	Kuipers, Remko S., Luxwolda, Martine F., Offringa, Pieter J., Rudi Boersma, E., Dijck-Brouwer, D.A. Janneke, Muskiet, Frits A.J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2012 Elsevier
Subjects:	Accretion rate Adipose tissue Adipose Tissue - embryology Adipose Tissue - metabolism Advanced Basic Science Arachidonic acid Arachidonic Acid - metabolism Biological and medical sciences Brain - embryology Brain - metabolism DHA Docosahexaenoic acid Docosahexaenoic Acids - metabolism Endocrinology & Metabolism Fatty acids Female Fetal Fetus - metabolism Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gestational Age Humans Infant, Newborn Infant, Premature - metabolism Intrauterine Linoleic acid Linoleic Acid - metabolism Milk Muscle, Skeletal - embryology Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Pregnancy Preterm Recommendation Requirement Skin - embryology Skin - metabolism Term Time Factors Vertebrates: endocrinology AA Adipose tissue Accretion rate Fetal Term Arachidonic acid Docosahexaenoic acid Fatty acids Recommendation Linoleic acid Preterm Requirement LA Intrauterine DHA Milk Premature Polyunsaturated fatty acid Lipids n-3 fatty acid n-6 fatty acid Prematurity Unsaturated fatty acid Fetus
ISSN:	0952-3278, 1532-2823, 1532-2823
Online Access:	Get full text
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Summary:	There is no information on the whole body fatty acid (FA) contents of preterm or term infants, although scattered information on the FA-composition of many organs is available. We collected data on the weights, lipid contents and FA-compositions of the quantitatively most important fetal organs of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) Western infants. From these we estimated the total body contents of linoleic (LA), arachidonic (AA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids at 25, 35 and 40 weeks of gestation. Western infants accrete FA in the order of LA>AA>DHA at all stages during pregnancy and the highest accretion rates are reached in the last 5 weeks of gestation, i.e. 342 mg LA, 95 mg AA and 42 mg DHA/day. At term, most of the infant's LA, AA and DHA is located in adipose tissue (68, 44 and 50%, respectively), with substantial amounts of LA also located in skeletal muscle (17%) and skin (13%); of AA in skeletal muscle (40%) and brain (11%); and of DHA in brain (23%) and skeletal muscle (21%). The term AGA infant has accreted about 21 g LA, 7.5 g AA and 3 g DHA, which constitutes a gap of 12 g LA, 3.3 g AA and 1.5 g DHA compared to a 35 weeks old AGA infant. The current fetal LA, AA and DHA pool sizes and accretion rates may especially be useful to estimate the preterm infant's requirements and the maternal LCP needs during pregnancy. Since they derive from populations with typically Western diets they do not necessarily reflect ‘optimality’ or ‘health’.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0952-3278 1532-2823 1532-2823
DOI:	10.1016/j.plefa.2011.10.012