Nitrogen use efficiency—a key to enhance crop productivity under a changing climate

Nitrogen (N) is an essential element required for the growth and development of all plants. On a global scale, N is agriculture’s most widely used fertilizer nutrient. Studies have shown that crops use only 50% of the applied N effectively, while the rest is lost through various pathways to the surr...

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Vydané v:Frontiers in plant science Ročník 14; s. 1121073
Hlavní autori: Govindasamy, Prabhu, Muthusamy, Senthilkumar K., Bagavathiannan, Muthukumar, Mowrer, Jake, Jagannadham, Prasanth Tej Kumar, Maity, Aniruddha, Halli, Hanamant M., G. K., Sujayananad, Vadivel, Rajagopal, T. K., Das, Raj, Rishi, Pooniya, Vijay, Babu, Subhash, Rathore, Sanjay Singh, L., Muralikrishnan, Tiwari, Gopal
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Switzerland Frontiers Media SA 18.04.2023
Frontiers Media S.A
Predmet:
Agricultural production
Agriculture
Agronomic crops
Agronomy
Biomass
Biotechnology
Carbon dioxide
Climate change
conservation tillage system
Corn
Crop improvement
Crop production
Crops
Denitrification
Efficiency
Farming systems
Fertilizers
Leaching
Management systems
Mineralization
Nitrates
Nitrogen
nitrogen assimilation
nitrogen loss
NUE
Physiology
Plant Science
Precipitation
Productivity
QTLs
Return on investment
Soil pollution
Surface runoff
Volatilization
Water pollution
QTLs
nitrogen loss
nitrogen assimilation
NUE
conservation tillage system
ISSN:1664-462X, 1664-462X
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Shrnutí:Nitrogen (N) is an essential element required for the growth and development of all plants. On a global scale, N is agriculture’s most widely used fertilizer nutrient. Studies have shown that crops use only 50% of the applied N effectively, while the rest is lost through various pathways to the surrounding environment. Furthermore, lost N negatively impacts the farmer’s return on investment and pollutes the water, soil, and air. Therefore, enhancing nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is critical in crop improvement programs and agronomic management systems. The major processes responsible for low N use are the volatilization, surface runoff, leaching, and denitrification of N. Improving NUE through agronomic management practices and high-throughput technologies would reduce the need for intensive N application and minimize the negative impact of N on the environment. The harmonization of agronomic, genetic, and biotechnological tools will improve the efficiency of N assimilation in crops and align agricultural systems with global needs to protect environmental functions and resources. Therefore, this review summarizes the literature on nitrogen loss, factors affecting NUE, and agronomic and genetic approaches for improving NUE in various crops and proposes a pathway to bring together agronomic and environmental needs.
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Reviewed by: Sharif Ahmed, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Philippines; Anuj Kumar, Dalhousie University, Canada
These authors have contributed equally to this work
This article was submitted to Plant Nutrition, a section of the journal Frontiers in Plant Science
Edited by: Victoria Fernandez, Polytechnic University of Madrid, Spain
ISSN:1664-462X
1664-462X
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2023.1121073