Therapeutic Advances in Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis

Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder that affects the central nervous system in children and adolescents. Approximately 3–10% of MS patients have an onset that occurs before the age of 18. The vast majority of pediatric MS cases are characterized by a rela...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Children (Basel) Vol. 12; no. 3; p. 259
Main Authors: Walsh, Rachel, Chitnis, Tanuja
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 20.02.2025
MDPI
Subjects:
B cells
Children
Clinical trials
Development and progression
Disease
disease-modifying therapy
Diseases
EDSS
Immunomodulators
Induction therapy
Interferon
Multiple sclerosis
Ofatumumab
Pathogenesis
Patients
pediatric multiple sclerosis
pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS)
Pediatrics
PIRA
RAW
Review
United States
Italy
Mississippi
RAW
pediatric multiple sclerosis
pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS)
PIRA
disease-modifying therapy
EDSS
ISSN:2227-9067, 2227-9067
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder that affects the central nervous system in children and adolescents. Approximately 3–10% of MS patients have an onset that occurs before the age of 18. The vast majority of pediatric MS cases are characterized by a relapsing-remitting course with a high burden of disease activity. Pediatric MS patients were historically treated off-label with varying degrees of success. With the approval of many new therapies for adult-onset MS, alternative treatments in pediatric MS have rapidly started to emerge. In this narrative review, we will discuss therapeutic advancements in pediatric multiple sclerosis, including the seminal trials of PARADIGMS, which evaluated fingolimod use in pediatric MS patients, CONNECT (dimethyl fumarate), TERIKIDS (teriflunomide), OPERETTA I (ocrelizumab), and LEMKIDS (alemtuzumab). We will also review the safety and efficacy of different monoclonal antibodies that are commonly prescribed for multiple sclerosis. We will then examine induction versus escalation treatment strategies and conclude with discussions on treatment considerations in POMS patients.
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ISSN:2227-9067
2227-9067
DOI:10.3390/children12030259