LC/MS analysis of stratum corneum lipids: ceramide profiling and discovery

Ceramides (CERs) in the upper layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), play a key role in the skin barrier function. In human SC, the literature currently reports 11 CER subclasses that have been identified. In this paper, a novel quick and robust LC/MS method is presented that allows the separa...

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Vydané v:Journal of lipid research Ročník 52; číslo 6; s. 1211 - 1221
Hlavní autori: van Smeden, Jeroen, Hoppel, Louise, van der Heijden, Rob, Hankemeier, Thomas, Vreeken, Rob J, Bouwstra, Joke A
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: United States Elsevier 01.06.2011
Predmet:
Adult
atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry
Ceramides - analysis
Ceramides - chemistry
Ceramides - classification
Ceramides - isolation & purification
Chromatography, Liquid - methods
human skin lipids
Humans
Lipid Metabolism - physiology
liquid chromatography
Male
mass spectrometry
Mass Spectrometry - methods
normal-phase liquid chromatography
Skin - chemistry
Specimen Handling - methods
Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
sphingolipids
Tissue Culture Techniques
ISSN:1539-7262, 0022-2275, 1539-7262
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Popis
Shrnutí:Ceramides (CERs) in the upper layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), play a key role in the skin barrier function. In human SC, the literature currently reports 11 CER subclasses that have been identified. In this paper, a novel quick and robust LC/MS method is presented that allows the separation and analysis of all known human SC CER subclasses using only limited sample preparation. Besides all 11 known and identified subclasses, a 3D multi-mass chromatogram shows the presence of other lipid subclasses. Using LC/MS/MS with an ion trap (IT) system, a Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance system, and a triple quadrupole system, we were able to identify one of these lipid subclasses as a new CER subclass: the ester-linked ω-hydroxy fatty acid with a dihydrosphingosine base (CER [EOdS]). Besides the identification of a new CER subclass, this paper also describes the applicability and robustness of the developed LC/MS method by analyzing three (biological) SC samples: SC from human dermatomed skin, human SC obtained by tape stripping, and SC from full-thickness skin explants. All three biological samples showed all known CER subclasses and slight differences were observed in CER profile.
Bibliografia:ObjectType-Article-1
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ISSN:1539-7262
0022-2275
1539-7262
DOI:10.1194/jlr.M014456