Microbial ferric iron reductases

Almost all organisms require iron for enzymes involved in essential cellular reactions. Aerobic microbes living at neutral or alkaline pH encounter poor iron availability due to the insolubility of ferric iron. Assimilatory ferric reductases are essential components of the iron assimilatory pathway...

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Vydáno v:	FEMS microbiology reviews Ročník 27; číslo 2; s. 427 - 447
Hlavní autoři:	Schröder, Imke, Johnson, Eric, de Vries, Simon
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Oxford, UK Elsevier B.V 01.06.2003 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Oxford University Press
Témata:	Archaea Archaea - enzymology Archaeal Proteins - analysis Archaeoglobus fulgidus Archaeoglobus fulgidus - metabolism Bacteria Bacteria - cytology Bacteria - enzymology Bacteria - metabolism Dissimilatory iron reductase Enzymes Ferric iron reductase Flavin Flavin reductase FMN Reductase - metabolism Fre Iron Iron - chemistry Iron - metabolism Iron assimilation Iron cycle Iron-reducing bacteria Microorganisms Models, Biological Oxidation-Reduction Physiology Protein Structure, Tertiary Reductases Saccharomyces cerevisiae Shewanella - genetics Shewanella - metabolism Structure-function relationships Yeast Yeasts - cytology Yeasts - enzymology Yeasts - metabolism Iron assimilation Ferric iron reductase Archaeoglobus fulgidus Fre Saccharomyces cerevisiae Dissimilatory iron reductase Iron cycle Flavin reductase
ISSN:	0168-6445, 1574-6976, 1574-6976
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Shrnutí:	Almost all organisms require iron for enzymes involved in essential cellular reactions. Aerobic microbes living at neutral or alkaline pH encounter poor iron availability due to the insolubility of ferric iron. Assimilatory ferric reductases are essential components of the iron assimilatory pathway that generate the more soluble ferrous iron, which is then incorporated into cellular proteins. Dissimilatory ferric reductases are essential terminal reductases of the iron respiratory pathway in iron-reducing bacteria. While our understanding of dissimilatory ferric reductases is still limited, it is clear that these enzymes are distinct from the assimilatory-type ferric reductases. Research over the last 10 years has revealed that most bacterial assimilatory ferric reductases are flavin reductases, which can serve several physiological roles. This article reviews the physiological function and structure of assimilatory and dissimilatory ferric reductases present in the Bacteria, Archaea and Yeast. Ferric reductases do not form a single family, but appear to be distinct enzymes suggesting that several independent strategies for iron reduction may have evolved.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	0168-6445 1574-6976 1574-6976
DOI:	10.1016/S0168-6445(03)00043-3