From Images to Interactions: High-Resolution Phase Imaging in Tapping-Mode Atomic Force Microscopy

In tapping-mode atomic force microscopy, the phase shift between excitation and response of the cantilever is used as a material-dependent signal complementary to topography. The localization of information in the phase signal is demonstrated with 1.4-nm lateral resolution on purple membrane of Halo...

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Veröffentlicht in:Biophysical journal Jg. 80; H. 6; S. 3009 - 3018
Hauptverfasser: Stark, Martin, Möller, Clemens, Müller, Daniel J., Guckenberger, Reinhard
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: United States Elsevier Inc 01.06.2001
Biophysical Society
Schlagworte:
Bacteria
Buffers
Halobacterium salinarum - cytology
Halobacterium salinarum - ultrastructure
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted - methods
Membranes
Methods
Microscopy, Atomic Force - methods
Purple Membrane - ultrastructure
Scientific imaging
Sensitivity and Specificity
Solutions
Thermodynamics
ISSN:0006-3495, 1542-0086
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Zusammenfassung:In tapping-mode atomic force microscopy, the phase shift between excitation and response of the cantilever is used as a material-dependent signal complementary to topography. The localization of information in the phase signal is demonstrated with 1.4-nm lateral resolution on purple membrane of Halobacterium salinarum in buffer solution. In a first-order approximation, the phase signal is found to correlate with modulations of the tip oscillation amplitude, induced by topography. Extending the analysis to contributions of the tip-sample interaction area as a second-order approximation, a method is proposed to extract information about the interaction from the phase signal for surfaces with a roughness in the order of the tip radius.
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ISSN:0006-3495
1542-0086
DOI:10.1016/S0006-3495(01)76266-2