The histophysiology and pathophysiology of the peritoneum

[Display omitted] •The peritoneum is a dynamic organ with complex adaptable functions.•Regulation of homeostasis, fluid transport, immune response and tissue repair.•Disturbance of the fine balances leads to serious conditions. The peritoneum is an extensive serous organ with both epithelial and mes...

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Vydané v:Tissue & cell Ročník 49; číslo 1; s. 95 - 105
Hlavní autori: van Baal, J.O.A.M, Van de Vijver, K.K., Nieuwland, R., van Noorden, C.J.F., van Driel, W.J., Sturk, A., Kenter, G.G., Rikkert, L.G., Lok, C.A.R.
Médium: Journal Article
Jazyk:English
Vydavateľské údaje: Scotland Elsevier Ltd 01.02.2017
Elsevier Science Ltd
Predmet:
Advanced Basic Science
Anatomy
Anatomy & physiology
Ascites
Carcinoma - immunology
Carcinoma - physiopathology
Carcinoma - therapy
Cellular Microenvironment
Embryogenesis
Embryonic growth stage
Fibrosis
Humans
Inflammation - immunology
Inflammation - physiopathology
Inflammation - therapy
Membranes
Mesenchyme
Microenvironment
Pathology
Peritoneal carcinomatosis
Peritoneal cavity
Peritoneal fluid
Peritoneum
Peritoneum - anatomy & histology
Peritoneum - immunology
Peritoneum - physiopathology
Peritonitis
Peritonitis - immunology
Peritonitis - physiopathology
Peritonitis - therapy
Physiology
Peritoneal cavity
Physiology
Microenvironment
Anatomy
Peritoneal carcinomatosis
Peritoneum
ISSN:0040-8166, 1532-3072, 1532-3072
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Shrnutí:[Display omitted] •The peritoneum is a dynamic organ with complex adaptable functions.•Regulation of homeostasis, fluid transport, immune response and tissue repair.•Disturbance of the fine balances leads to serious conditions. The peritoneum is an extensive serous organ with both epithelial and mesenchymal features and a variety of functions. Diseases such as inflammatory peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis can induce disturbance of the complex physiological functions. To understand the peritoneal response in disease, normal embryonic development, anatomy in healthy conditions and physiology of the peritoneum have to be understood. This review aims to summarize and discuss the literature on these basic peritoneal characteristics. The peritoneum is a dynamic organ capable of adapting its structure and functions to various physiological and pathological conditions. It is a key element in regulation of inflammatory responses, exchange of peritoneal fluid and prevention of fibrosis in the abdominal cavity. Disturbance of these mechanisms may lead to serious conditions such as the production of large amounts of ascites, the generation of fibrotic adhesions, inflammatory peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis. The difficulty to treat diseases, such as inflammatory peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis, stresses the necessity for new therapeutic strategies. This review provides a detailed background on the peritoneal anatomy, microenvironment and immunologic responses which is essential to generate new hypotheses for future research.
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ISSN:0040-8166
1532-3072
1532-3072
DOI:10.1016/j.tice.2016.11.004