Measurement-Based Feasibility Exploration on Detecting and Localizing Multiple Humans Using MIMO Radio Channel Properties

This paper explores the feasibility of using the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radio channel properties to passively detect and localize multiple humans in indoor environments. We propose to utilize the unique reverberation characteristics of indoor channels for the purpose of detecting, and...

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Vydáno v:	IEEE access Ročník 8; s. 3738 - 3750
Hlavní autoři:	Miao, Yang, Tanghe, Emmeric, Takada, Jun-Ichi, Pedersen, Troels, Laly, Pierre, Gaillot, Davy P., Lienard, Martine, Martens, Luc, Joseph, Wout
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Piscataway IEEE 01.01.2020 The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Témata:	Algorithms Antenna arrays Antenna measurements Antennas Computer Science Decay rate Delays Engineering Sciences Feasibility Indoor environments Indoor radio channel MIMO MIMO (control systems) MIMO communication Multiple signal classification Networking and Internet Architecture passive detection and localization of humans power delay angular profile Radio Reverberation Reverberation time Signal and Image processing Signal classification reverberation time Indoor radio channel MIMO passive detection and localization of humans power delay angular profile
ISSN:	2169-3536, 2169-3536
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Abstract	This paper explores the feasibility of using the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radio channel properties to passively detect and localize multiple humans in indoor environments. We propose to utilize the unique reverberation characteristics of indoor channels for the purpose of detecting, and the power angular delay profile (PADP) for localizing humans. On the one hand, the reverberation time corresponds with the decay rate of multipath in a closed or partially closed cavity, and varies with the change of the number of humans or the moving of humans relative to the antennas at link ends. On the other hand, the PADP is proposed to be calculated by the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) super resolution algorithm with frequency smoothing preprocessing. The proposed approach is evaluated based on real-world MIMO radio channel measurements obtained from a meeting room. Measurements with and without the presence of humans have been conducted, where the maximum number of humans considered is four. Humans facing different directions, either in parallel or orthogonal to the direct line between the transmit and the receive antennas have been taken into account. In term of the detection feasibility, it is found that the change of the number of humans as well as the change of their facing/moving directions inside the partial reverberant region can be reflected on the change of the reverberation time estimated from the power delay profile of channel. In term of the localization feasibility, it is found that single human location can be well associated to the peak of the variation of the PADP during his/her movement, while multiple humans' movements result in obvious power variation in the very vicinity of some of them, and also in the vicinity of some background objects that is far from target humans.
AbstractList	This paper explores the feasibility of using the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radio channel properties to passively detect and localize multiple humans in indoor environments. We propose to utilize the unique reverberation characteristics of indoor channels for the purpose of detecting, and the power angular delay profile (PADP) for localizing humans. On the one hand, the reverberation time corresponds with the decay rate of multipath in a closed or partially closed cavity, and varies with the change of the number of humans or the moving of humans relative to the antennas at link ends. On the other hand, the PADP is proposed to be calculated by the Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) super resolution algorithm with frequency smoothing preprocessing. The proposed approach is evaluated based on real-world MIMO radio channel measurements obtained from a meeting room. Measurements with and without the presence of humans have been conducted, where the maximum number of humans considered is four. Humans facing different directions, either in parallel or orthogonal to the direct line between the transmit and the receive antennas have been taken into account. In term of the detection feasibility, it is found that the change of the number of humans as well as the change of their facing/moving directions inside the partial reverberant region can be reflected on the change of the reverberation time estimated from the power delay profile of channel. In term of the localization feasibility, it is found that single human location can be well associated to the peak of the variation of the PADP during his/her movement, while multiple humans' movements result in obvious power variation in the very vicinity of some of them, and also in the vicinity of some background objects that is far from target humans.
Author	Laly, Pierre Tanghe, Emmeric Gaillot, Davy P. Joseph, Wout Lienard, Martine Martens, Luc Takada, Jun-Ichi Miao, Yang Pedersen, Troels
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SubjectTerms	Algorithms Antenna arrays Antenna measurements Antennas Computer Science Decay rate Delays Engineering Sciences Feasibility Indoor environments Indoor radio channel MIMO MIMO (control systems) MIMO communication Multiple signal classification Networking and Internet Architecture passive detection and localization of humans power delay angular profile Radio Reverberation Reverberation time Signal and Image processing Signal classification
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Title	Measurement-Based Feasibility Exploration on Detecting and Localizing Multiple Humans Using MIMO Radio Channel Properties
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