Oxidative Stress in Kidney Injury and Hypertension

Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HTN is also a risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative st...

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Veröffentlicht in:Antioxidants Jg. 13; H. 12; S. 1454
Hauptverfasser: Arendshorst, Willaim J., Vendrov, Aleksandr E., Kumar, Nitin, Ganesh, Santhi K., Madamanchi, Nageswara R.
Format: Journal Article
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.12.2024
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ISSN:2076-3921, 2076-3921
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Abstract Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HTN is also a risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) play critical roles in causing kidney injury in HTN. Genetic and environmental factors influence the susceptibility to hypertensive renal damage, with African American populations having a higher tendency due to genetic variants. Managing blood pressure (BP) effectively with treatments targeting RAAS activation, oxidative stress, and inflammation is crucial in preventing renal damage and the progression of HTN-related CKD and ESRD. Interactions between genetic and environmental factors impacting kidney function abnormalities are central to HTN development. Animal studies indicate that genetic factors significantly influence BP regulation. Anti-natriuretic mechanisms can reset the pressure–natriuresis relationship, requiring a higher BP to excrete sodium matched to intake. Activation of intrarenal angiotensin II receptors contributes to sodium retention and high BP. In HTN, the gut microbiome can affect BP by influencing energy metabolism and inflammatory pathways. Animal models, such as the spontaneously hypertensive rat and the chronic angiotensin II infusion model, mirror human essential hypertension and highlight the significance of the kidney in HTN pathogenesis. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of HTN, impacting renal function and BP regulation. Targeting specific NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoforms to inhibit ROS production and enhance antioxidant mechanisms may improve renal structure and function while lowering blood pressure. Therapies like SGLT2 inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have shown promise in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAAS activity, offering renal and antihypertensive protection in managing HTN and CKD. This review emphasizes the critical role of NOX in the development and progression of HTN, focusing on its impact on renal function and BP regulation. Effective BP management and targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAAS activation, is crucial in preventing renal damage and the progression of HTN-related CKD and ESRD.
AbstractList Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HTN is also a risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) play critical roles in causing kidney injury in HTN. Genetic and environmental factors influence the susceptibility to hypertensive renal damage, with African American populations having a higher tendency due to genetic variants. Managing blood pressure (BP) effectively with treatments targeting RAAS activation, oxidative stress, and inflammation is crucial in preventing renal damage and the progression of HTN-related CKD and ESRD. Interactions between genetic and environmental factors impacting kidney function abnormalities are central to HTN development. Animal studies indicate that genetic factors significantly influence BP regulation. Anti-natriuretic mechanisms can reset the pressure–natriuresis relationship, requiring a higher BP to excrete sodium matched to intake. Activation of intrarenal angiotensin II receptors contributes to sodium retention and high BP. In HTN, the gut microbiome can affect BP by influencing energy metabolism and inflammatory pathways. Animal models, such as the spontaneously hypertensive rat and the chronic angiotensin II infusion model, mirror human essential hypertension and highlight the significance of the kidney in HTN pathogenesis. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of HTN, impacting renal function and BP regulation. Targeting specific NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoforms to inhibit ROS production and enhance antioxidant mechanisms may improve renal structure and function while lowering blood pressure. Therapies like SGLT2 inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have shown promise in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAAS activity, offering renal and antihypertensive protection in managing HTN and CKD. This review emphasizes the critical role of NOX in the development and progression of HTN, focusing on its impact on renal function and BP regulation. Effective BP management and targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAAS activation, is crucial in preventing renal damage and the progression of HTN-related CKD and ESRD.
Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HTN is also a risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) play critical roles in causing kidney injury in HTN. Genetic and environmental factors influence the susceptibility to hypertensive renal damage, with African American populations having a higher tendency due to genetic variants. Managing blood pressure (BP) effectively with treatments targeting RAAS activation, oxidative stress, and inflammation is crucial in preventing renal damage and the progression of HTN-related CKD and ESRD. Interactions between genetic and environmental factors impacting kidney function abnormalities are central to HTN development. Animal studies indicate that genetic factors significantly influence BP regulation. Anti-natriuretic mechanisms can reset the pressure-natriuresis relationship, requiring a higher BP to excrete sodium matched to intake. Activation of intrarenal angiotensin II receptors contributes to sodium retention and high BP. In HTN, the gut microbiome can affect BP by influencing energy metabolism and inflammatory pathways. Animal models, such as the spontaneously hypertensive rat and the chronic angiotensin II infusion model, mirror human essential hypertension and highlight the significance of the kidney in HTN pathogenesis. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of HTN, impacting renal function and BP regulation. Targeting specific NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoforms to inhibit ROS production and enhance antioxidant mechanisms may improve renal structure and function while lowering blood pressure. Therapies like SGLT2 inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have shown promise in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAAS activity, offering renal and antihypertensive protection in managing HTN and CKD. This review emphasizes the critical role of NOX in the development and progression of HTN, focusing on its impact on renal function and BP regulation. Effective BP management and targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAAS activation, is crucial in preventing renal damage and the progression of HTN-related CKD and ESRD.Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HTN is also a risk factor for stroke and coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) play critical roles in causing kidney injury in HTN. Genetic and environmental factors influence the susceptibility to hypertensive renal damage, with African American populations having a higher tendency due to genetic variants. Managing blood pressure (BP) effectively with treatments targeting RAAS activation, oxidative stress, and inflammation is crucial in preventing renal damage and the progression of HTN-related CKD and ESRD. Interactions between genetic and environmental factors impacting kidney function abnormalities are central to HTN development. Animal studies indicate that genetic factors significantly influence BP regulation. Anti-natriuretic mechanisms can reset the pressure-natriuresis relationship, requiring a higher BP to excrete sodium matched to intake. Activation of intrarenal angiotensin II receptors contributes to sodium retention and high BP. In HTN, the gut microbiome can affect BP by influencing energy metabolism and inflammatory pathways. Animal models, such as the spontaneously hypertensive rat and the chronic angiotensin II infusion model, mirror human essential hypertension and highlight the significance of the kidney in HTN pathogenesis. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays a crucial role in the development and progression of HTN, impacting renal function and BP regulation. Targeting specific NADPH oxidase (NOX) isoforms to inhibit ROS production and enhance antioxidant mechanisms may improve renal structure and function while lowering blood pressure. Therapies like SGLT2 inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have shown promise in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAAS activity, offering renal and antihypertensive protection in managing HTN and CKD. This review emphasizes the critical role of NOX in the development and progression of HTN, focusing on its impact on renal function and BP regulation. Effective BP management and targeting oxidative stress, inflammation, and RAAS activation, is crucial in preventing renal damage and the progression of HTN-related CKD and ESRD.
Audience Academic
Author Vendrov, Aleksandr E.
Kumar, Nitin
Arendshorst, Willaim J.
Ganesh, Santhi K.
Madamanchi, Nageswara R.
AuthorAffiliation 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; vendrov@med.umich.edu (A.E.V.); kumarni@med.umich.edu (N.K.); sganesh@med.umich.edu (S.K.G.)
3 Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
1 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; william_arendshorst@med.unc.edu
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; vendrov@med.umich.edu (A.E.V.); kumarni@med.umich.edu (N.K.); sganesh@med.umich.edu (S.K.G.)
– name: 1 Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; william_arendshorst@med.unc.edu
– name: 3 Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Willaim J.
  surname: Arendshorst
  fullname: Arendshorst, Willaim J.
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Aleksandr E.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-4971-8040
  surname: Vendrov
  fullname: Vendrov, Aleksandr E.
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Nitin
  orcidid: 0000-0003-0153-3493
  surname: Kumar
  fullname: Kumar, Nitin
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Santhi K.
  surname: Ganesh
  fullname: Ganesh, Santhi K.
– sequence: 5
  givenname: Nageswara R.
  orcidid: 0000-0003-0590-0908
  surname: Madamanchi
  fullname: Madamanchi, Nageswara R.
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39765782$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Issue 12
Keywords chronic kidney disease
Nrf2/ARE pathway
NADPH oxidases
antioxidants
TGF-β signaling
mitochondrial dysfunction
renal dysfunction
vascular remodeling
MR receptor antagonists
NF-κB signaling
inflammation
angiotensin II
ROS
renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS)
redox-sensitive signaling pathways
fibrosis
hypertension
oxidative stress
SGLT2 inhibitors
Language English
License Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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PublicationTitle Antioxidants
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Snippet Hypertension (HTN) is a major contributor to kidney damage, leading to conditions such as nephrosclerosis and hypertensive nephropathy, significant causes of...
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StartPage 1454
SubjectTerms African Americans
Aldosterone
Analysis
Angiotensin
Angiotensin II
Angiotensin II receptors
Animal models
Antihypertensives
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Blood pressure
Cardiovascular disease
Chronic kidney failure
Collagen
Coronary artery disease
Coronary heart disease
Diabetes
Diseases
End-stage renal disease
Energy metabolism
Environmental factors
Enzymes
Genetic aspects
Genetic diversity
Heart diseases
Hypertension
Inflammation
Injuries
Intestinal microflora
Isoforms
Kidney diseases
Kinases
mitochondrial dysfunction
NAD(P)H oxidase
NADPH oxidases
Nephropathy
Oxidases
Oxidative stress
Patients
Physiological aspects
Proteins
Reactive oxygen species
redox-sensitive signaling pathways
Renal function
Renin
Review
Risk factors
ROS
Stroke (Disease)
United States
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Title Oxidative Stress in Kidney Injury and Hypertension
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/39765782
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Volume 13
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