Implementation of food matrix effects into chemical food contaminant risk assessment
Food risk assessment plays an important role in protecting public health worldwide. Stakeholders involved in food risk assessment, such as national authorities, agencies, non‐governmental organisations (NGOs), industry and consumers, need to properly understand the terminology of food risk assessmen...
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| Vydáno v: | EFSA journal Ročník 20; číslo Suppl 2; s. e200905 - n/a |
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| Hlavní autoři: | , , |
| Médium: | Journal Article |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
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United States
John Wiley & Sons, Inc
01.12.2022
John Wiley and Sons Inc Wiley |
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| ISSN: | 1831-4732, 1831-4732 |
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| Abstract | Food risk assessment plays an important role in protecting public health worldwide. Stakeholders involved in food risk assessment, such as national authorities, agencies, non‐governmental organisations (NGOs), industry and consumers, need to properly understand the terminology of food risk assessment effectively. In this respect, the first part of the EU‐FORA work programme (WP1) aimed to provide insights into the actual translation of two essential terms used in food risk assessment. ‘Hazard’ and ‘risk’ were first identified and compared between the English version of various food regulations and their equivalents in the national legislation of EU Member States. The comparison and critical evaluation revealed several inconsistencies. These inconsistencies could lead to misinterpretations, followed by errors in conducting risk assessments or communicating risks. We recommend that consistency is restored and maintained so that the message is properly communicated. The second part of the work programme (WP2) was focused on a specific area within chemical risk assessment (CRA). In this context, special attention was given to the impact of the food matrix on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of heavy metals and metalloids. After collection and careful selection of data from scientific journals, a database with information on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in different food matrices was created for future statistical analyses related to dietary exposure. |
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| AbstractList | Food risk assessment plays an important role in protecting public health worldwide. Stakeholders involved in food risk assessment, such as national authorities, agencies, non‐governmental organisations (NGOs), industry and consumers, need to properly understand the terminology of food risk assessment effectively. In this respect, the first part of the EU‐FORA work programme (WP1) aimed to provide insights into the actual translation of two essential terms used in food risk assessment. ‘Hazard’ and ‘risk’ were first identified and compared between the English version of various food regulations and their equivalents in the national legislation of EU Member States. The comparison and critical evaluation revealed several inconsistencies. These inconsistencies could lead to misinterpretations, followed by errors in conducting risk assessments or communicating risks. We recommend that consistency is restored and maintained so that the message is properly communicated. The second part of the work programme (WP2) was focused on a specific area within chemical risk assessment (CRA). In this context, special attention was given to the impact of the food matrix on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of heavy metals and metalloids. After collection and careful selection of data from scientific journals, a database with information on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in different food matrices was created for future statistical analyses related to dietary exposure. Abstract Food risk assessment plays an important role in protecting public health worldwide. Stakeholders involved in food risk assessment, such as national authorities, agencies, non‐governmental organisations (NGOs), industry and consumers, need to properly understand the terminology of food risk assessment effectively. In this respect, the first part of the EU‐FORA work programme (WP1) aimed to provide insights into the actual translation of two essential terms used in food risk assessment. ‘Hazard’ and ‘risk’ were first identified and compared between the English version of various food regulations and their equivalents in the national legislation of EU Member States. The comparison and critical evaluation revealed several inconsistencies. These inconsistencies could lead to misinterpretations, followed by errors in conducting risk assessments or communicating risks. We recommend that consistency is restored and maintained so that the message is properly communicated. The second part of the work programme (WP2) was focused on a specific area within chemical risk assessment (CRA). In this context, special attention was given to the impact of the food matrix on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of heavy metals and metalloids. After collection and careful selection of data from scientific journals, a database with information on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in different food matrices was created for future statistical analyses related to dietary exposure. Food risk assessment plays an important role in protecting public health worldwide. Stakeholders involved in food risk assessment, such as national authorities, agencies, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), industry and consumers, need to properly understand the terminology of food risk assessment effectively. In this respect, the first part of the EU-FORA work programme (WP1) aimed to provide insights into the actual translation of two essential terms used in food risk assessment. 'Hazard' and 'risk' were first identified and compared between the English version of various food regulations and their equivalents in the national legislation of EU Member States. The comparison and critical evaluation revealed several inconsistencies. These inconsistencies could lead to misinterpretations, followed by errors in conducting risk assessments or communicating risks. We recommend that consistency is restored and maintained so that the message is properly communicated. The second part of the work programme (WP2) was focused on a specific area within chemical risk assessment (CRA). In this context, special attention was given to the impact of the food matrix on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of heavy metals and metalloids. After collection and careful selection of data from scientific journals, a database with information on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in different food matrices was created for future statistical analyses related to dietary exposure.Food risk assessment plays an important role in protecting public health worldwide. Stakeholders involved in food risk assessment, such as national authorities, agencies, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), industry and consumers, need to properly understand the terminology of food risk assessment effectively. In this respect, the first part of the EU-FORA work programme (WP1) aimed to provide insights into the actual translation of two essential terms used in food risk assessment. 'Hazard' and 'risk' were first identified and compared between the English version of various food regulations and their equivalents in the national legislation of EU Member States. The comparison and critical evaluation revealed several inconsistencies. These inconsistencies could lead to misinterpretations, followed by errors in conducting risk assessments or communicating risks. We recommend that consistency is restored and maintained so that the message is properly communicated. The second part of the work programme (WP2) was focused on a specific area within chemical risk assessment (CRA). In this context, special attention was given to the impact of the food matrix on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of heavy metals and metalloids. After collection and careful selection of data from scientific journals, a database with information on the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in different food matrices was created for future statistical analyses related to dietary exposure. |
| Author | Tušar, Livija Langerholc, Tomaz Cioca, Ana‐Andreea |
| AuthorAffiliation | 1 Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Maribor Pivola 10 2311 Hoče Slovenia 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology Jožef Stefan Institute Jamova cesta 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Maribor Pivola 10 2311 Hoče Slovenia – name: 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology Jožef Stefan Institute Jamova cesta 39 1000 Ljubljana Slovenia |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Ana‐Andreea surname: Cioca fullname: Cioca, Ana‐Andreea email: eu‐fora@efsa.europa.eu organization: University of Maribor – sequence: 2 givenname: Tomaz surname: Langerholc fullname: Langerholc, Tomaz organization: University of Maribor – sequence: 3 givenname: Livija surname: Tušar fullname: Tušar, Livija organization: Jožef Stefan Institute |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36531272$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1351 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6574 10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1570 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2985 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2664 10.1111/risa.12169 |
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| Copyright | 2022 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KgaA on behalf of the European Food Safety Authority. 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
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| Keywords | bioavailability hazard chemical contaminants risk food regulation bioaccessibility food matrix |
| Language | English |
| License | Attribution-NoDerivs 2022 Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KgaA on behalf of the European Food Safety Authority. This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and no modifications or adaptations are made. |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Acknowledgements This research is funded by EFSA within the frame of the European Food Risk Assessment Fellowship Programme (EU‐FORA), cycle 2021–2022, agreement number GP/EFSA/ENCO/2020/04‐GA15. The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and to offer their special thanks to the EU‐FORA Community, representatives of EFSA Focal Points and other invited experts for their contribution to the study. Special thanks also go to Mihai Macrea, senior full‐stack software engineer, who helped create the software tool to identify the inconsistencies in the translations of the words ‘hazard’ and ‘risk’ based on a comparison between regulations used in WP1. Approved: 31 August 2022 Declarations of interest If you wish to access the declaration of interests of any expert contributing to an EFSA scientific assessment, please contact interestmanagement@efsa.europa.eu. |
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| References | 2009 2019 2017 2016 2009; 7 2015 2002 2012; 10 2014; 34 2021; 19 2010; 8 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref11 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref12 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref10 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref9 EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) (10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref1) 2009 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref8 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref6 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref5 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref4 Scheer (10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref13) 2014; 34 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref3 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref2 EFSA Scientific Committee (10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref7) 2012; 10 |
| References_xml | – volume: 8 issue: 4 year: 2010 article-title: Scientific opinion on lead in food publication-title: EFSA Journal – volume: 10 issue: 12 year: 2012 article-title: Scientific opinion on the risk for public health related to the presence of mercury and methylmercury in food publication-title: EFSA Journal – volume: 7 issue: 10 year: 2009 article-title: Scientific opinion on arsenic in food publication-title: EFSA Journal – year: 2017 – year: 2016 – volume: 19 issue: 4 year: 2021 article-title: Technical assistance in the field of risk communication publication-title: EFSA Journal – start-page: 980 year: 2009 article-title: Scientific opinion of the panel on contaminants in the food chain on a request from the European Commission on cadmium in food publication-title: EFSA Journal – year: 2019 – volume: 34 start-page: 1270 year: 2014 end-page: 1285 article-title: The distinction between risk and hazard: understanding and use in stakeholder communication publication-title: Risk Analysis – year: 2002 – volume: 10 start-page: 2664 issue: 5 year: 2012 article-title: Scientific opinion on risk assessment terminology publication-title: EFSA Journal – year: 2015 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref4 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1351 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref10 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref3 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2021.6574 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref2 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref5 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1570 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref6 doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2985 – start-page: 980 year: 2009 ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref1 article-title: Scientific opinion of the panel on contaminants in the food chain on a request from the European Commission on cadmium in food publication-title: EFSA Journal – volume: 10 start-page: 2664 issue: 5 year: 2012 ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref7 article-title: Scientific opinion on risk assessment terminology publication-title: EFSA Journal doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2664 – volume: 34 start-page: 1270 year: 2014 ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref13 article-title: The distinction between risk and hazard: understanding and use in stakeholder communication publication-title: Risk Analysis doi: 10.1111/risa.12169 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref8 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref9 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref12 – ident: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200905_ref11 |
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