Molecular insights into human daily behavior

Human beings exhibit wide variation in their timing of daily behavior. We and others have suggested previously that such differences might arise because of alterations in the period length of the endogenous human circadian oscillator. Using dermal fibroblast cells from skin biopsies of 28 subjects o...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Jg. 105; H. 5; S. 1602
Hauptverfasser:	Brown, Steven A, Kunz, Dieter, Dumas, Amelie, Westermark, Pål O, Vanselow, Katja, Tilmann-Wahnschaffe, Amely, Herzel, Hanspeter, Kramer, Achim
Format:	Journal Article
Sprache:	Englisch
Veröffentlicht:	United States 05.02.2008
Schlagworte:	Adult Behavior Biological Assay Cells, Cultured Circadian Rhythm - genetics CLOCK Proteins Colforsin - pharmacology Female Fibroblasts - drug effects Fibroblasts - metabolism Genes, Reporter Humans Male Middle Aged Models, Biological Skin - cytology Skin - drug effects Skin - metabolism Trans-Activators - genetics Transcription, Genetic
ISSN:	1091-6490, 1091-6490
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Abstract	Human beings exhibit wide variation in their timing of daily behavior. We and others have suggested previously that such differences might arise because of alterations in the period length of the endogenous human circadian oscillator. Using dermal fibroblast cells from skin biopsies of 28 subjects of early and late chronotype (11 "larks" and 17 "owls"), we have studied the circadian period lengths of these two groups, as well as their ability to phase-shift and entrain to environmental and chemical signals. We find not only period length differences between the two classes, but also significant changes in the amplitude and phase-shifting properties of the circadian oscillator among individuals with identical "normal" period lengths. Mathematical modeling shows that these alterations could also account for the extreme behavioral phenotypes of these subjects. We conclude that human chronotype may be influenced not only by the period length of the circadian oscillator, but also by cellular components that affect its amplitude and phase. In many instances, these changes can be studied at the molecular level in primary dermal cells.
AbstractList	Human beings exhibit wide variation in their timing of daily behavior. We and others have suggested previously that such differences might arise because of alterations in the period length of the endogenous human circadian oscillator. Using dermal fibroblast cells from skin biopsies of 28 subjects of early and late chronotype (11 "larks" and 17 "owls"), we have studied the circadian period lengths of these two groups, as well as their ability to phase-shift and entrain to environmental and chemical signals. We find not only period length differences between the two classes, but also significant changes in the amplitude and phase-shifting properties of the circadian oscillator among individuals with identical "normal" period lengths. Mathematical modeling shows that these alterations could also account for the extreme behavioral phenotypes of these subjects. We conclude that human chronotype may be influenced not only by the period length of the circadian oscillator, but also by cellular components that affect its amplitude and phase. In many instances, these changes can be studied at the molecular level in primary dermal cells.Human beings exhibit wide variation in their timing of daily behavior. We and others have suggested previously that such differences might arise because of alterations in the period length of the endogenous human circadian oscillator. Using dermal fibroblast cells from skin biopsies of 28 subjects of early and late chronotype (11 "larks" and 17 "owls"), we have studied the circadian period lengths of these two groups, as well as their ability to phase-shift and entrain to environmental and chemical signals. We find not only period length differences between the two classes, but also significant changes in the amplitude and phase-shifting properties of the circadian oscillator among individuals with identical "normal" period lengths. Mathematical modeling shows that these alterations could also account for the extreme behavioral phenotypes of these subjects. We conclude that human chronotype may be influenced not only by the period length of the circadian oscillator, but also by cellular components that affect its amplitude and phase. In many instances, these changes can be studied at the molecular level in primary dermal cells. Human beings exhibit wide variation in their timing of daily behavior. We and others have suggested previously that such differences might arise because of alterations in the period length of the endogenous human circadian oscillator. Using dermal fibroblast cells from skin biopsies of 28 subjects of early and late chronotype (11 "larks" and 17 "owls"), we have studied the circadian period lengths of these two groups, as well as their ability to phase-shift and entrain to environmental and chemical signals. We find not only period length differences between the two classes, but also significant changes in the amplitude and phase-shifting properties of the circadian oscillator among individuals with identical "normal" period lengths. Mathematical modeling shows that these alterations could also account for the extreme behavioral phenotypes of these subjects. We conclude that human chronotype may be influenced not only by the period length of the circadian oscillator, but also by cellular components that affect its amplitude and phase. In many instances, these changes can be studied at the molecular level in primary dermal cells.
Author	Brown, Steven A Vanselow, Katja Kunz, Dieter Dumas, Amelie Westermark, Pål O Kramer, Achim Tilmann-Wahnschaffe, Amely Herzel, Hanspeter
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Steven A surname: Brown fullname: Brown, Steven A email: steven.brown@pharma.unizh.ch organization: Laboratory of Chronobiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hessische Strasse 3-4, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. steven.brown@pharma.unizh.ch – sequence: 2 givenname: Dieter surname: Kunz fullname: Kunz, Dieter – sequence: 3 givenname: Amelie surname: Dumas fullname: Dumas, Amelie – sequence: 4 givenname: Pål O surname: Westermark fullname: Westermark, Pål O – sequence: 5 givenname: Katja surname: Vanselow fullname: Vanselow, Katja – sequence: 6 givenname: Amely surname: Tilmann-Wahnschaffe fullname: Tilmann-Wahnschaffe, Amely – sequence: 7 givenname: Hanspeter surname: Herzel fullname: Herzel, Hanspeter – sequence: 8 givenname: Achim surname: Kramer fullname: Kramer, Achim
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Snippet	Human beings exhibit wide variation in their timing of daily behavior. We and others have suggested previously that such differences might arise because of...
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SubjectTerms	Adult Behavior Biological Assay Cells, Cultured Circadian Rhythm - genetics CLOCK Proteins Colforsin - pharmacology Female Fibroblasts - drug effects Fibroblasts - metabolism Genes, Reporter Humans Male Middle Aged Models, Biological Skin - cytology Skin - drug effects Skin - metabolism Trans-Activators - genetics Transcription, Genetic
Title	Molecular insights into human daily behavior
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