Persistent and Growing Socioeconomic Disparities in Disability Among the Elderly: 1982-2002

Objective. We sought to determine whether socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in prevalence of disability over age 70 have widened or narrowed during the past 2 decades. Methods. We used data from the 1982–2002 National Health Interview Surveys, which are nationally representative cross-sect...

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Vydáno v:	American journal of public health (1971) Ročník 95; číslo 11; s. 2065 - 2070
Hlavní autoři:	Schoeni, Robert F, Martin, Linda G, Andreski, Patricia M, Freedman, Vicki A
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	angličtina
Vydáno:	Washington, DC Am Public Health Assoc 01.11.2005 American Public Health Association American Journal of Public Health 2005
Témata:	Activities of daily living Age Aged Averages Biological and medical sciences Cultural differences Disability Disabled Persons - statistics & numerical data Economic indicators Education Education groups Estimates Ethnic differences Ethnic groups Ethnicity Expenditures Family income Hispanic Americans Humans Income distribution Inequality Literature reviews Low income groups Medical sciences Minority & ethnic groups Minority groups Miscellaneous Older people People with disabilities Polls & surveys Population Public health Public health. Hygiene Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine Race Racial differences Racial inequality Regression analysis Research and Practice Socioeconomic Factors Socioeconomic status Socioeconomics Systematic review Trends Human Handicap Socioeconomic status Health Daily living Socioeconomics Ethnic group Disability 2002 Race Economic aspect Disparity Elderly Social aspect Public health Inequality
ISSN:	0090-0036, 1541-0048
On-line přístup:	Získat plný text
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Shrnutí:	Objective. We sought to determine whether socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in prevalence of disability over age 70 have widened or narrowed during the past 2 decades. Methods. We used data from the 1982–2002 National Health Interview Surveys, which are nationally representative cross-sectional surveys of the noninstitutionalized population of the United States. Participants included 172227 people aged 70 years and older. The primary outcome measure was the average annual percentage change in the prevalence of 2 self-reported disability measures: the need for help with activities of daily living (“ADL disability”) and need for help with either ADL or instrumental activities of daily living (“any disability”). Results. All groups experienced declines in the age- and gender-adjusted prevalence of any disability during the 1982 to 2002 period. However, the average annual percent declines were smaller for the least advantaged socioeconomic groups. Differences in trends across racial/ethnic groups were not statistically significant. ADL disability prevalence decreased for the more advantaged groups but increased among the lowest income and education groups. Non-Hispanic Whites and minorities experienced similar average annual percent declines in ADL disability. Conclusions. Racial/ethnic disparities in old-age disability have persisted over the last 20 years, whereas socioeconomic disparities have increased.
Bibliografie:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 Peer Reviewed Requests for reprints should be sent to Robert F. Schoeni, Institute for Social Research, 426 Thompson St, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 (e-mail: bschoeni@umich.edu). ContributorsR. F. Schoeni, L. G. Martin, and V. A. Freedman originated the study, conceptualized ideas, synthesized analyses, and interpreted findings. R. F. Schoeni supervised all aspects of its implementation and led the writing. P. M. Andreski completed the analyses. All authors contributed to the writing of the article and reviewing drafts.
ISSN:	0090-0036 1541-0048
DOI:	10.2105/AJPH.2004.048744