Physical Exercise Induces Significant Changes in Immunoglobulin G N-Glycan Composition in a Previously Inactive, Overweight Population

Regular exercise improves health, modulating the immune system and impacting inflammatory status. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation reflects changes in inflammatory status; thus, we investigated the impact of regular exercise on overall inflammatory status by monitoring IgG N-glycosylation in a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 5; p. 762
Main Authors: Šimunić-Briški, Nina, Zekić, Robert, Dukarić, Vedran, Očić, Mateja, Frkatović-Hodžić, Azra, Deriš, Helena, Lauc, Gordan, Knjaz, Damir
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 27.04.2023
MDPI
Subjects:
Age
Aging
Body fat
Body weight
Chronic illnesses
Cytokines
Cytotoxicity
Diabetes
Exercise
Female
Glycosylation
Health aspects
Humans
IgG
Immune system
Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulins
Inflammation
Investigations
Lifestyles
Metabolism
Middle Aged
Mortality
N-glycans
Obesity
Overweight
Overweight persons
Physical fitness
Physiological aspects
Polysaccharides
Polysaccharides - metabolism
Questionnaires
sedentary population
Weight control
Croatia
IgG
exercise
glycosylation
N-glycans
inflammation
sedentary population
ISSN:2218-273X, 2218-273X
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Summary:Regular exercise improves health, modulating the immune system and impacting inflammatory status. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) N-glycosylation reflects changes in inflammatory status; thus, we investigated the impact of regular exercise on overall inflammatory status by monitoring IgG N-glycosylation in a previously inactive, middle-aged, overweight and obese population (50.30 ± 9.23 years, BMI 30.57 ± 4.81). Study participants (N = 397) underwent one of three different exercise programs lasting three months with blood samples collected at baseline and at the end of intervention. After chromatographically profiling IgG N-glycans, linear mixed models with age and sex adjustment were used to investigate exercise effects on IgG glycosylation. Exercise intervention induced significant changes in IgG N-glycome composition. We observed an increase in agalactosylated, monogalctosylated, asialylated and core-fucosylated N-glycans (padj = 1.00 × 10−4, 2.41 × 10−25, 1.51 × 10−21 and 3.38 × 10−30, respectively) and a decrease in digalactosylated, mono- and di-sialylated N-glycans (padj = 4.93 × 10−12, 7.61 × 10−9 and 1.09 × 10−28, respectively). We also observed a significant increase in GP9 (glycan structure FA2[3]G1, β = 0.126, padj = 2.05 × 10−16), previously reported to have a protective cardiovascular role in women, highlighting the importance of regular exercise for cardiovascular health. Other alterations in IgG N-glycosylation reflect an increased pro-inflammatory IgG potential, expected in a previously inactive and overweight population, where metabolic remodeling is in the early stages due to exercise introduction.
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ISSN:2218-273X
2218-273X
DOI:10.3390/biom13050762