Elastic behavior of multi-scale, open-cell foams

The mechanical properties of cellular materials are still subject to numerous theoretical and experimental investigations. In particular, the impact of cell size on the foam’s elastic response has not been studied systematically mainly due to the lack of experimental techniques with which the cell s...

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Vydané v:	Composites. Part B, Engineering Ročník 44; číslo 1; s. 172 - 183
Hlavní autori:	Maheo, Laurent, Viot, Philippe, Bernard, Dominique, Chirazi, Ali, Ceglia, Gaétane, Schmitt, Véronique, Mondain-Monval, Olivier
Médium:	Journal Article
Jazyk:	English
Vydavateľské údaje:	Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.01.2013 Elsevier
Predmet:	A. Foams Applied sciences B. Elasticity B. Microstructures C. Computational modeling Composites Condensed Matter Engineering Sciences Exact sciences and technology foams Forms of application and semi-finished materials Image analysis Laminates Materials and structures in mechanics Materials Science mathematical models mechanical properties Mechanics microstructure modulus of elasticity nanomaterials Physicochemistry of polymers Physics Polymer industry, paints, wood polystyrenes Soft Condensed Matter Technology of polymers Image analysis B. Microstructures B. Elasticity C. Computational modeling A. Foams Elastic modulus Open cell Mechanical properties Polymer Nanostructure Cellular plastic Modeling Finite element method Preparation Numerical simulation Styrene polymer Elastic properties Plastics Foams Elasticity Microstructures Computational modeling
ISSN:	1359-8368, 1879-1069
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Abstract	The mechanical properties of cellular materials are still subject to numerous theoretical and experimental investigations. In particular, the impact of cell size on the foam’s elastic response has not been studied systematically mainly due to the lack of experimental techniques with which the cell size and relative density of materials can be varied independently. This paper presents the results of a study of the elastic behavior of open-cell foams as a function of relative density and the size of the interconnected, spherical pores. First, the chemical procedure allowed us to produce polystyrene open-cell foams in which the relative density and the average cell diameters were varied independently. The results of compression tests performed on these foams showed an unexpected influence of the cell diameter (at constant relative density) on the elastic response. The analysis of the microstructure of the foam revealed the presence of a complex nanostructure in the edge of the cells that appeared during the synthesis procedure. An analytical model (an extension of the Gibson–Ashby model) is presented, which takes into account the complex multi-scale structure of the foam and accurately describes the observed dependence of the measured Young’s moduli on cell size. This approach was confirmed further by a finite element numerical simulation. We concluded that the observed dependence of elastic modulus on cell size was due to the heterogeneous nature of the material that constitutes the walls of the cells.
AbstractList	The mechanical properties of cellular materials are still subject to numerous theoretical and experimental investigations. In particular, the impact of cell size on the foam's elastic response has not been studied systematically mainly due to the lack of experimental techniques with which the cell size and relative density of materials can be varied independently. This paper presents the results of a study of the elastic behavior of open-cell foams as a function of relative density and the size of the interconnected, spherical pores. First, the chemical procedure allowed us to produce polystyrene open-cell foams in which the relative density and the average cell diameters were varied independently. The results of compression tests performed on these foams showed an unexpected influence of the cell diameter (at constant relative density) on the elastic response. The analysis of the microstructure of the foam revealed the presence of a complex nanostructure in the edge of the cells that appeared during the synthesis procedure. An analytical model (an extension of the Gibson-Ashby model) is presented, which takes into account the complex multi-scale structure of the foam and accurately describes the observed dependence of the measured Young's moduli on cell size. This approach was confirmed further by a finite element numerical simulation. We concluded that the observed dependence of elastic modulus on cell size was due to the heterogeneous nature of the material that constitutes the walls of the cells.
Author	Maheo, Laurent Schmitt, Véronique Bernard, Dominique Viot, Philippe Chirazi, Ali Ceglia, Gaétane Mondain-Monval, Olivier
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Laurent surname: Maheo fullname: Maheo, Laurent email: laurent.maheo@ensam.eu organization: Arts et Metiers ParisTech, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France – sequence: 2 givenname: Philippe surname: Viot fullname: Viot, Philippe email: philippe.viot@ensam.eu organization: Arts et Metiers ParisTech, I2M, UMR 5295, F-33400 Talence, France – sequence: 3 givenname: Dominique surname: Bernard fullname: Bernard, Dominique email: bernard@icmcb-bordeaux.cnrs.fr organization: CNRS, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France – sequence: 4 givenname: Ali surname: Chirazi fullname: Chirazi, Ali email: chirazi@icmcb-bordeaux.cnrs.fr organization: CNRS, ICMCB, UPR 9048, F-33600 Pessac, France – sequence: 5 givenname: Gaétane surname: Ceglia fullname: Ceglia, Gaétane email: ceglia@crpp-bordeaux.cnrs.fr organization: CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France – sequence: 6 givenname: Véronique surname: Schmitt fullname: Schmitt, Véronique email: schmitt@crpp-bordeaux.cnrs.fr organization: CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France – sequence: 7 givenname: Olivier surname: Mondain-Monval fullname: Mondain-Monval, Olivier email: mondain@crpp-bordeaux.cnrs.fr organization: CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
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Keywords	Image analysis B. Microstructures B. Elasticity C. Computational modeling A. Foams Elastic modulus Open cell Mechanical properties Polymer Nanostructure Cellular plastic Modeling Finite element method Preparation Numerical simulation Styrene polymer Elastic properties Plastics Foams Elasticity Microstructures Computational modeling
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Snippet	The mechanical properties of cellular materials are still subject to numerous theoretical and experimental investigations. In particular, the impact of cell...
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SubjectTerms	A. Foams Applied sciences B. Elasticity B. Microstructures C. Computational modeling Composites Condensed Matter Engineering Sciences Exact sciences and technology foams Forms of application and semi-finished materials Image analysis Laminates Materials and structures in mechanics Materials Science mathematical models mechanical properties Mechanics microstructure modulus of elasticity nanomaterials Physicochemistry of polymers Physics Polymer industry, paints, wood polystyrenes Soft Condensed Matter Technology of polymers
Title	Elastic behavior of multi-scale, open-cell foams
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